A preparation method of a hydrogel of a mercapto-modified macromolecular compound includes the steps of combining the mercapto-modified macromolecular compound with an acrylated macromolecular compound and/or an acrylated micromolecular crosslinker. The mercapto-modified macromolecular compound can be crosslinked with the acrylated macromolecular compound and/or the acrylated micromolecular crosslinker under physiological conditions to form the hydrogel. Due to the rapid mercapto-vinyl crosslinking reaction, the formed hydrogel system can be quickly gelled in situ after being injected into the body. The hydrogel is thus suitable for use in the fields of biomedicine, medical cosmetic plastic surgery and cosmetics.

A method for producing a resin having a repeating unit that is decomposed by irradiation of an actinic ray or a radiation to generate acid, the method including polymerizing a specific compound represented by General formula (P-1) and a copolymerizable monomer compound, a method for producing an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition, a pattern forming method, and a resin corresponding to a reaction intermediate of the resin.

A method for producing a resin having a repeating unit that is decomposed by irradiation of an actinic ray or a radiation to generate acid, the method including polymerizing a specific compound represented by General formula (P-1) and a copolymerizable monomer compound, a method for producing an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition, a pattern forming method, and a resin corresponding to a reaction intermediate of the resin.

Described herein is method of functionalizing fluorinated polymers, wherein a reaction compound is grafted onto a fluorinated polymer, wherein the fluorinated polymer comprises at least one Br, I, and Cl group and is free of —CH.sub.2CH.sub.2— linkages. In one embodiment, the functionalized fluorinated polymer comprises a perfluorinated polymer backbone with pendent groups therefrom is disclosed, wherein at least one pendent group is according to formula I: where Rf is a bond, or a divalent perfluorinated group, optionally comprising at least one in-chain ether linkage; Z is I, Br, or Cl; and X comprises a functional group selected from the group consisting of an alcohol; phosphorous acid and salts thereof; phosphoric acid and salts thereof; a silane; an amine; an amide; a hydrocarbon, optionally comprising an in-chain oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur linkage; a carboxylic acid and salts thereof; an ester; a sulfonyl fluoride, a sulfonic acid and salts thereof; and combinations thereof. Such functionalized fluorinated polymers may be used in coating compositions.

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The present invention provides a sulfur-modified polyacrylonitrile, which has a content of sulfur of from 30 mass % to 50 mass %, and satisfies the expression: 4,500<140×x−y<5,200 when the content (mass %) of sulfur is represented by “x”, and an average CT value of the sulfur-modified polyacrylonitrile in X-ray CT is represented by “y”.

The present invention provides a sulfur-modified polyacrylonitrile, which has a content of sulfur of from 30 mass % to 50 mass %, and satisfies the expression: 4,500<140×x−y<5,200 when the content (mass %) of sulfur is represented by “x”, and an average CT value of the sulfur-modified polyacrylonitrile in X-ray CT is represented by “y”.

Disclosed is an electrode active material that has a large charge discharge capacity, a high initial efficiency, as well as excellent cycle characteristics and rate characteristics and is favorably used in a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery. An organo sulfur-based electrode active material contains sodium and potassium in a total amount of 100 ppm by mass to 1000 ppm by mass; an electrode for use in a secondary battery, the electrode containing the organo sulfur-based electrode active material as an electrode active material; and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including the electrode. Preferably, the organo sulfur-based electrode active material further contains iron in an amount of 1 ppm by mass to 20 ppm by mass. Preferably, the organo sulfur-based electrode active material is sulfur-modified polyacrylonitrile, and the amount of sulfur in the organo sulfur-based electrode active material is 25 mass % to 60 mass %.

Disclosed is an electrode active material that has a large charge discharge capacity, a high initial efficiency, as well as excellent cycle characteristics and rate characteristics and is favorably used in a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery. An organo sulfur-based electrode active material contains sodium and potassium in a total amount of 100 ppm by mass to 1000 ppm by mass; an electrode for use in a secondary battery, the electrode containing the organo sulfur-based electrode active material as an electrode active material; and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including the electrode. Preferably, the organo sulfur-based electrode active material further contains iron in an amount of 1 ppm by mass to 20 ppm by mass. Preferably, the organo sulfur-based electrode active material is sulfur-modified polyacrylonitrile, and the amount of sulfur in the organo sulfur-based electrode active material is 25 mass % to 60 mass %.

A nanofiber for an air filter and a method for manufacturing the same are proposed. The nanofiber may include a styrene-(meth)acrylate-acrylonitrile random copolymer having a zwitterionic functional group in a side chain. The nanofiber can greatly enhance the bonding of particulate matter (PM) particles with the surface of a polymer by having a high dipole moment derived from the zwitterionic functional group, thereby providing high efficiency of filtration (>99.9%) of the PM particles. Furthermore, the nanofiber can be very usefully used as a core material for air purifier filters and vehicle air purification filters by having low airflow resistance and excellent antibacterial properties.

A nanofiber for an air filter and a method for manufacturing the same are proposed. The nanofiber may include a styrene-(meth)acrylate-acrylonitrile random copolymer having a zwitterionic functional group in a side chain. The nanofiber can greatly enhance the bonding of particulate matter (PM) particles with the surface of a polymer by having a high dipole moment derived from the zwitterionic functional group, thereby providing high efficiency of filtration (>99.9%) of the PM particles. Furthermore, the nanofiber can be very usefully used as a core material for air purifier filters and vehicle air purification filters by having low airflow resistance and excellent antibacterial properties.