The present invention relates to a compact and highly dense engineered concrete binder composition and a method of producing the same. In particular, the engineered concrete binder composition comprises at least one mechano-chemically modified component.

A method of making a cement composite can include contacting an aqueous solution comprising calcium ions with a carbon dioxide source producing a carbonated aqueous solution. Fine particles can be submerged in the carbonated aqueous solution to produce microaggregate particles comprising the fine particles coated with calcium carbonate. The microaggregate particles can be combined with cement particles to produce the cement composite. The cement composite can be used in cementing applications for hydrocarbon wells including for casing liners and well plugs.

A method of making a cement composite can include contacting an aqueous solution comprising calcium ions with a carbon dioxide source producing a carbonated aqueous solution. Fine particles can be submerged in the carbonated aqueous solution to produce microaggregate particles comprising the fine particles coated with calcium carbonate. The microaggregate particles can be combined with cement particles to produce the cement composite. The cement composite can be used in cementing applications for hydrocarbon wells including for casing liners and well plugs.

Methods of cementing include providing a geopolymer cement composition that includes a monophase amorphous hydraulic binder material (MAHBM), a metal silicate, an alkaline activator, and a carrier fluid, introducing the geopolymer cement composition into a subterranean formation, and allowing the geopolymer cement composition to set in the subterranean formation. The MAHBM includes silica or alumina core particulates coated with an amorphous calcium silicate hydrate.

A method of controlled hydration expansion of a smectite-containing day mineral (SCM) within an aqueous environment in a confined volumetric space, the method comprising the steps of: —introducing an amount of an SCM into said volumetric space via an inlet thereinto, and initiating the hydration expansion of the SCM to release SCM particles into the confined volumetric space, and increase the pressure therein; and —introducing a flow path modification to control said released SCM particles from undergoing a recompression, said modification thereby maintaining the pressure in the volumetric space.

A method of controlled hydration expansion of a smectite-containing day mineral (SCM) within an aqueous environment in a confined volumetric space, the method comprising the steps of: —introducing an amount of an SCM into said volumetric space via an inlet thereinto, and initiating the hydration expansion of the SCM to release SCM particles into the confined volumetric space, and increase the pressure therein; and —introducing a flow path modification to control said released SCM particles from undergoing a recompression, said modification thereby maintaining the pressure in the volumetric space.

A method including reacting, at a jobsite, a total dissolved solids (TDS) water with a gas comprising carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) in the presence of a proton-removing agent to produce a CO.sub.2-reduced gas and an aqueous product comprising water and a precipitate, wherein the TDS water comprises produced water, wherein the precipitate comprises one or more carbonates, and wherein the CO.sub.2-reduced gas comprises less CO.sub.2 than the gas comprising CO.sub.2; and separating at least a portion of the water from the aqueous product to provide a concentrated slurry of the precipitate and a TDS-reduced water, wherein the TDS-reduced water comprises less TDS than the TDS water.

A method including reacting, at a jobsite, a total dissolved solids (TDS) water with a gas comprising carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) in the presence of a proton-removing agent to produce a CO.sub.2-reduced gas and an aqueous product comprising water and a precipitate, wherein the TDS water comprises produced water, wherein the precipitate comprises one or more carbonates, and wherein the CO.sub.2-reduced gas comprises less CO.sub.2 than the gas comprising CO.sub.2; and separating at least a portion of the water from the aqueous product to provide a concentrated slurry of the precipitate and a TDS-reduced water, wherein the TDS-reduced water comprises less TDS than the TDS water.

According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a spacer fluid includes an aqueous fluid, a weighting agent, and a clay stabilizer consisting of one or more polyethylene polyamines having a first structure H.sub.2NCH.sub.2CH.sub.2(NHCH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.xNH.sub.2, where x is an integer greater than or equal to 3. The amount of the clay stabilizer may be from 0.1 wt. % to 10 wt. % relative to the total weight of the spacer fluid. The average molecular weight of the polyethylene polyamines in the spacer fluid having the first structure may be from 200 g/mol to 400 g/mol. All of the polyethylene polyamines in the spacer fluid having the first structure may be encompassed in the clay stabilizer. Methods for cementing a casing in a wellbore using the spacer fluid are also disclosed.

According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a spacer fluid includes an aqueous fluid, a weighting agent, and a clay stabilizer consisting of one or more polyethylene polyamines having a first structure H.sub.2NCH.sub.2CH.sub.2(NHCH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.xNH.sub.2, where x is an integer greater than or equal to 3. The amount of the clay stabilizer may be from 0.1 wt. % to 10 wt. % relative to the total weight of the spacer fluid. The average molecular weight of the polyethylene polyamines in the spacer fluid having the first structure may be from 200 g/mol to 400 g/mol. All of the polyethylene polyamines in the spacer fluid having the first structure may be encompassed in the clay stabilizer. Methods for cementing a casing in a wellbore using the spacer fluid are also disclosed.