Methods of refining palm oil in order to produce a refined, bleached and deodorized palm oil with reduced level of 3-monochloropropane-1, 2-diol (3-MCPD) ester are disclosed. The methods may include premixing a palm oil with an acid to chelate metals and form a reaction mixture, and subjecting the reaction mixture to hydrodynamic cavitation mixing for less than 1 second.

A vegetable oil physical refining process able to mitigate the occurrence of glycidyl esters (GE) including at least a deodorization step followed by a stripping step, wherein, the deodorization step includes contacting said vegetable oil with steam at a pressure above 5 mbara, during at least 10 minutes at a temperature of at least 230° C., and wherein the stripping step includes stripping the oil resulting from the deodorization step at a pressure below 5 mbara and at a temperature not exceeding 280° C. The process does not compromise the heat bleaching and the full removal of unwanted colours, taste and smell from the physically refined edible oil.

A vegetable oil physical refining process able to mitigate the occurrence of glycidyl esters (GE) including at least a deodorization step followed by a stripping step, wherein, the deodorization step includes contacting said vegetable oil with steam at a pressure above 5 mbara, during at least 10 minutes at a temperature of at least 230° C., and wherein the stripping step includes stripping the oil resulting from the deodorization step at a pressure below 5 mbara and at a temperature not exceeding 280° C. The process does not compromise the heat bleaching and the full removal of unwanted colours, taste and smell from the physically refined edible oil.

The present invention relates to processes for extracting lipid from vegetative plant parts such as leaves, stems, roots and tubers, and for producing industrial products such as hydrocarbon products from the lipids. Preferred industrial products include alkyl esters which may be blended with petroleum based fuels.

The present invention relates to a process reducing in a palm oil the content of unwanted propanol components selected from free chloropropanols, chloropropanol fatty acid esters and combinations of two or more thereof, and the process is comprising a bleaching step using an adsorbent comprising alumina oxide wherein the content of alumina oxide is not more than 9.5%, preferably the adsorbent is having a content of earth alkali oxides of from 12 to 27%.

Disclosed are an animal fat grading device using superheated steam and a method. The device comprises a bracket, a material container, a steam heating assembly, an oil leakage assembly, a pressing part, an oil pumping assembly, a switch structure and a controller, where an upper part of the bracket is fixedly connected with the material container, a top side wall and a bottom side wall of the material container are provided with the steam heating assembly; an inside is slidably connected with the oil leakage assembly; a top of the oil leakage assembly is fixedly connected with the pressing part; a top surface of the oil leakage assembly is fixedly connected with the oil pumping assembly, a bottom of the material container is communicated with an oil discharging pipe, the switch structure is arranged on the oil discharging pipe, and a temperature sensor is arranged in the material container.

Disclosed are an animal fat grading device using superheated steam and a method. The device comprises a bracket, a material container, a steam heating assembly, an oil leakage assembly, a pressing part, an oil pumping assembly, a switch structure and a controller, where an upper part of the bracket is fixedly connected with the material container, a top side wall and a bottom side wall of the material container are provided with the steam heating assembly; an inside is slidably connected with the oil leakage assembly; a top of the oil leakage assembly is fixedly connected with the pressing part; a top surface of the oil leakage assembly is fixedly connected with the oil pumping assembly, a bottom of the material container is communicated with an oil discharging pipe, the switch structure is arranged on the oil discharging pipe, and a temperature sensor is arranged in the material container.

In a process for purifying fatty acid alkyl esters, particularly methyl and ethyl esters, by means of vacuum distillation in a distillation column, water or steam is introduced into the distillation column and, during distillation, brought into contact with the fatty acid alkyl esters in the gas phase. This results in a significant reduction in the sulphur content and in the acid number of the fatty acid alkyl ester.

In a process for purifying fatty acid alkyl esters, particularly methyl and ethyl esters, by means of vacuum distillation in a distillation column, water or steam is introduced into the distillation column and, during distillation, brought into contact with the fatty acid alkyl esters in the gas phase. This results in a significant reduction in the sulphur content and in the acid number of the fatty acid alkyl ester.

Disclosed herein is a refined PUFA oil with an enhanced palatability comparing to the same PUFA oil without refinement. Also disclosed is a food composition for a companion animal or a food for human consumption wherein said food composition comprises the above refined PUFA oil and thus having enhanced palatability. Further disclosed herein is a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned refined PUFA oil wherein said method comprises the step of deodorization.