The present application relates to compositions and methods for tracing cell networks, e.g., for investigation of cell interactions in the CNS with single cell resolution.

Provided herein are delivery particle systems (XDP) useful for the delivery of payloads of any type. In some embodiments, a XDP particle system with tropism for target cells of interest is used to deliver CRISPR/Cas polypeptides (e.g., CasX proteins) and guide nucleic acids (gNA), for the modification of nucleic acids in target cells. Also provided are methods of making and using such XDP to modify the nucleic acids in such cells.

The invention relates to vectors comprising two or more homologous nucleotide sequences and methods for generating them. The invention concerns substituting bases in the homologous nucleotide sequences with different bases that do not alter the encoded amino acid sequence. The invention allows for the reduction of intramolecular recombination between homologous nucleotide sequences, in particular in mammalian cells. The invention further relates to nucleotide sequences containing substituted bases.

The present disclosure provides compositions comprising an sa-RNA VLP vaccine (e.g. the VLP vaccine) that is capable of delivering a self-amplifying RNA to a target cell in a patient, and subsequently elicit an immune response in the patient, which immune response is sufficient to prevent or significantly decrease the duration of an infection by an infectious agent, such as SARS-CoV-2.

The invention relates to vectors comprising two or more homologous nucleotide sequences and methods for generating them. The invention concerns substituting bases in the homologous nucleotide sequences with different bases that do not alter the encoded amino acid sequence. The invention allows for the reduction of intramolecular recombination between homologous nucleotide sequences, in particular in mammalian cells. The invention further relates to nucleotide sequences containing substituted bases.

A peptide nucleic acid of subgroup J avian leukosis virus and uses of the same are provided. The sequence of the peptide nucleic acid is one or more selected from the following sequences: sequence 1: 5AGACUAAGGCAAAAAUCUGUU-3; sequence 2: 5-ACGACUUAUUGAAAAACUCUC-3; sequence 3: 5-UAUAACCGUCUGUAGUUGGAC-3; sequence 4: 5-ACAUAUUUGAUUAUCUCUCCU-3. The peptide nucleic acid, disclosed in the present invention, can specifically and directly inhibit PRRSV replication, has good antiviral effect and no drug residues, without any toxic side effect and drug resistance.

The invention relates to vectors comprising two or more homologous nucleotide sequences and methods for generating them. The invention concerns substituting bases in the homologous nucleotide sequences with different bases that do not alter the encoded amino acid sequence. The invention allows for the reduction of intramolecular recombination between homologous nucleotide sequences, in particular in mammalian cells. The invention further relates to nucleotide sequences containing substituted bases.

A peptide nucleic acid of subgroup J avian leukosis virus and uses of the same are provided. The sequence of the peptide nucleic acid is one or more selected from the following sequences: sequence 1: 5AGACUAAGGCAAAAAUCUGUU-3; sequence 2: 5-ACGACUUAUUGAAAAACUCUC-3; sequence 3: 5-UAUAACCGUCUGUAGUUGGAC-3; sequence 4: 5-ACAUAUUUGAUUAUCUCUCCU-3. The peptide nucleic acid, disclosed in the present invention, can specifically and directly inhibit PRRSV replication, has good antiviral effect and no drug residues, without any toxic side effect and drug resistance.

The invention relates to vectors comprising two or more homologous nucleotide sequences and methods for generating them. The invention concerns substituting bases in the homologous nucleotide sequences with different bases that do not alter the encoded amino acid sequence. The invention allows for the reduction of intramolecular recombination between homologous nucleotide sequences, in particular in mammalian cells. The invention further relates to nucleotide sequences containing substituted bases.

Methods to inhibit the formation of retrovirus integrase reaching dimers, to dissociate retrovirus integrase reaching dimers, and to stabilize retrovirus integrase reaching dimers in a conformation in which retrovirus DNA-to host cell DNA integration activity of the integrase is inhibited are provided. Methods for treating a retrovirus infection, which target retrovirus integrase reaching dimer formation and/or stability are also provided.