The present invention relates to a microorganism that produces 1,4-butanediol and a method of producing 1,4-butanediol using same. The microorganism according to the present invention is able to efficiently produce 1,4-butanediol using ornithine as a carbon source, unlike naturally occurring microorganisms.

The present invention relates to a recombinant E. coli strain producing 1,3-butanediol from glucose and a method for producing 1,3-butanediol using same, in which a recombinant E. coli strain was developed in which a gene of a pathway necessary for biosynthesis of 1,3-BDO from acetyl-CoA is cloned, and a gene of a pathway that interferes with or competes with this pathway is removed, wherein an E. coli strain was developed in which the pathways and genes involved in the conversion of glucose to acetyl COA, the regeneration rate of NADPH used as a cofactor, and the efficient use of the TCA cycle pathway, which are necessary to improve the biosynthetic efficiency of 1,3-BDO, are modified and optimized.

The invention provides a method for producing in vitro a beta-hydroxy non-standard amino acid (0-OH-nsAA). The in vitro method comprises incubating L-threonine, an aldehyde and an L-threonine transaldolase (TTA). Also provided is a method for producing a beta-hydroxy non-standard amino acid (0-OH-nsAA) by recombinant cells, comprising expressing a heterologous L-threonine transaldolase (TTA) by the recombinant cells, and growing the recombinant cells in a medium. The medium comprises L-threonine and an aldehyde.

Disclosed herein are methods for producing tulipalin A (-methylene--butyrolactone), recombinant cells or organisms for producing tulipalin A, enzymes needed for producing tulipalin A, and nucleic acids for expression of those enzymes.