The invention provides a method of determining a predisposition to a condition associated with ATP depletion, such as an ischaemic event, in a subject comprising: a. measuring the concentration of one or more purines in a body fluid of the subject, the purines being selected from adenosine, inosine, hypoxanthine, xanthine and ATP, and b. comparing the measured concentration with a threshold concentration of the one or more purines, wherein the threshold concentration is preferably in the range 2 [micro]M to 8 [micro]M and wherein a measured concentration higher than the threshold concentration indicates the presence of ischaemia.

A method for inhibiting xanthine oxidase and for reducing uric acid levels using a composition obtained by culturing Lactobacillus rhamnosus in a medium. Also disclosed is a composition including a metabolite of Lactobacillus rhamnosus for reducing uric acid levels in a subject and a method for producing the composition.

A method for inhibiting xanthine oxidase and for reducing uric acid levels using a beta-carboline alkaloid compound of formula (I), wherein R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl group, a carboxylate group, a carboxamide group and hydrogen, and R.sub.2 is selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.2COOCH.sub.3, a methoxy group, hydrogen and a methyl group. Also disclosed is a method for monitoring xanthine oxidase inhibiting activity level.

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A method for inhibiting xanthine oxidase and for reducing uric acid levels using a composition obtained by culturing Lactobacillus rhamnosus in a medium. Also disclosed is a composition including a metabolite of Lactobacillus rhamnosus for reducing uric acid levels in a subject and a method for producing the composition.

The present disclosure generally relates to systems and methods for treating and/or reversing a disease or condition such as aging, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, obesity pulmonary fibrosis, congestive heart failure, or cancer using immunogenic cell death, e.g., lysosome-induced immunogenic cell death. In certain embodiments, the application is directed towards compositions that comprise an antibody and an enzyme capable of producing reactive oxygen species. In some cases, the lysosome of cells associated with the disease or condition may be targeted by the composition for induced cell death.