The present invention relates to a novel strain of Trichoderma comprising genetic modifications that enable the improved production of an enzyme cocktail, involving at least upregulation of the transcription factor Xyr1 according to SEQ ID No. 1; disruption of the gene ACE1 according to SEQ ID No. 2; disruption of the gene SLP1 according to SEQ ID No. 3; and expression of the gene Cel3a from Rasamsonia emersonii according to SEQ ID No. 4.

The present invention provides: a method of pretreating a serum or plasma sample for detection of a protein or a plurality of proteins of interest in a serum or plasma sample via mass spectrometry and a method of detecting such a protein or proteins, wherein proteins such as albumin present in abundance in a sample are removed in a convenient manner, thereby making it possible to collect digested peptides from the protein of interest. Specifically, the present invention provides a method of pretreating a sample for detecting proteins in a serum or plasma sample via mass spectrometry, comprising a step of adding a protease to the sample under non-denaturing conditions to digest proteins and a step of separating the obtained peptides from undigested proteins, and a method of detecting proteins, comprising subjecting the obtained peptides to mass spectrometry.

Disclosed herein are methods of performing continuous directed evolution in complex biological systems, including metazoan cells. These methods include the infection of engineered, non-naturally occurring metazoan cells with engineered, non-naturally occurring DNA viruses. The generation of infectious viruses that can infect new cells depends on the evolution of a gene of interest which is driven by an error-prone adenoviral polymerase. Also disclosed herein, are the compositions of engineered, non-naturally occurring metazoan cells and engineered, non-naturally occurring DNA viruses that function as components in the continuous directed evolution methodologies.

A cell hydrolysate composition, the composition comprising substantially all protein polypeptides and/or polypeptide fragments derived substantially from all the proteins in a cell from an in vitro cell culture.

A cell hydrolysate composition, the composition comprising substantially all protein polypeptides and/or polypeptide fragments derived substantially from all the proteins in a cell from an in vitro cell culture.

A nucleic acid release agent, a PCR amplification method and a PCR amplification kit are provided. The nucleic acid release agent includes Tris-HCl, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, tween 20, Triton X-100, ethyl phenyl polyethylene glycol and a strong base; wherein the molar concentration of Tris-HCl is 0.5 mM to 500 mM, the molar concentration of sodium chloride is 20 mM to 500 mM, the volume percentage of Tween 20 is 0.1% to 2%, the volume percentage of Triton X-100 is 0.1% to 3%, the volume percentage of ethyl phenyl polyethylene glycol is 0.1% to 3%, the mass concentration of potassium chloride is 5 mg/mL to 8 mg/mL and the mass concentration of the strong base is 2 mg/mL to 50 mg/mL.

Methods for the recovery of lipids, sugars, and proteins from microbial biomass by enzymatic digestion are disclosed. The methods involve treating microalgae with a fungal acid protease, or with a mixture of at least one protease and at least one amylase.

A cell hydrolysate composition, the composition comprising substantially all protein polypeptides and/or polypeptide fragments derived substantially from all the proteins in a cell from an in vitro cell culture.

The present invention relates to novel biodegradable plastic articles comprising a polyester and biological entities able to degrade such polyester, and wherein the biological entities are homogeneously dispersed in the plastic articles. The invention also relates to a process for producing such plastic articles, comprising a step of mixing biological entities with a selected carrier in a liquid composition or in a masterbatch with the polyester.

Disclosed are methods of synthesizing racemic 2-(difluoromethyl)-1-(alkoxycarbonyl)-cyclopropanecarboxylic acids and 2-(vinyl)-1-(alkoxycarbonyl)-cyclopropanecarboxylic acids and their salts, such as the dicyclohexylamine salt. Also disclosed are methods for preparing enantioenriched (1R,2R)-1-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-2-(difluoromethyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid and esters of the same. These compounds are useful intermediates in the synthesis of viral protease inhibitors.