A method and its related plant for the thermal treatment of iron containing oxide, in which fine-grained solids are heated in a preheating calcining stage and exposed to a reduction gas in a subsequent reduction stage. Off-gas from the reduction stage is guided through a separation device wherein water originating from the reduction stage is separated. The water separated in the separation device is recycled into a water treatment section, from which the recycled water is supplied to a water electrolysis plant and/or a steam reforming plant producing hydrogen, and the produced hydrogen is supplied to the reduction stage as reductant and/or to the preheating calcining stage as fuel and/or to the gas heater as fuel and/or from which the recycled water is supplied to the separation device.

A method and its related plant for the thermal treatment of iron containing oxide, in which fine-grained solids are heated in a preheating calcining stage and are exposed to a reduction gas in a subsequent reduction stage. Off-gas from the reduction stage is guided through a separation device wherein the water originating from the reduction stage is separated. The off-gas from the preheating calcining stage is guided through a venturi scrubber and a packed bed section downstream of the venturi scrubber to condense water vapor.

Disclosed are methods useful in applications relating to blast furnace processes. The methods of the present invention provide enhanced deposition inhibition of particulate matter in top-pressure recovery turbines. The methods of the present invention comprise adding nitrogen-containing compounds to a top-pressure recovery turbine, inhibiting deposition of solids formed from blast furnace gas on top-pressure recovery turbine components.

Provided is a method for manufacturing reduced iron which includes the steps of: i) drying ores in an ore drier; ii) supplying the dried ores to at least one reduction reactor; iii) reducing the ores in the at least one reduction reactor and manufacturing reduced iron; iv) discharging exhaust gas by which the ores are reduced in the reduction reactor; v) branching the exhaust gas and providing the branched exhaust gas as ore feeding gas; and vi) exchanging heat between the exhaust gas and the ore feeding gas and transferring the sensible heat of the exhaust gas to the ore feeding gas. In the supplying the dried ores to the at least one reduction reactor, the dried ores are supplied to the at least one reduction reactor by using the ore feeding gas.

The present invention relates to a method and system for recovering carbonate from steel slag, in which it is possible to extract carbonate from steel slag and reuse the extracted carbonate, and to recycle steel slag and make use of CO.sub.2 gas without emission to the atmosphere. Since unreacted metal ions and an acidic solvent are reused in the method and system, it is possible to increase carbonate extraction efficiency and reduce an amount of waste.

The invention relates to the production of direct reduced iron, DRI, where a hydrogen direct reduction is synergistically operated in the context of an industrial plant. The hydrogen reduction operates with reducing gas comprising at least 85 vol. % hydrogen, and receives a make-up hydrogen stream. At least part of the make-up hydrogen stream is produced on site. by at least one of (i) electrolysis means configured to produce hydrogen from steam recovered from one or more components of the industrial plant and/or from steam generated using waste heat and/or hot gases emitted by the one or more components; and (ii) gas shift reactor means configured to convert CO-bearing gas emitted by at least one component of the industrial plant into hydrogen and to remove CO.sub.2.

Methods and systems for the valorization of carbon monoxide emissions from metallurgical furnaces into highly valuable low-carbon footprint chemicals using carbon monoxide electrolysis are disclosed herein are disclosed. A disclosed method includes operating a metallurgical furnace; obtaining, in connection with the operation of the metallurgical furnace, a volume of carbon monoxide; supplying the volume of carbon monoxide to a cathode area of a carbon monoxide electrolyzer to be used as a reduction substrate; and generating, using the carbon monoxide electrolyzer, the reduction substrate, and an oxidation substrate, a volume of generated chemicals. The volume of generated chemicals is at least one of: a volume of hydrocarbons, a volume of organic acids, a volume of alcohol, a volume of olefins and a volume of N-rich organic compounds.

Methods and systems for the valorization of carbon monoxide emissions from electric arc furnaces into highly valuable low-carbon footprint chemicals using carbon monoxide electrolysis are disclosed herein are disclosed. A disclosed method includes operating an electric arc furnace, generating, via operation of the electric arc furnace, a volume of carbon monoxide, supplying the volume of carbon monoxide to a cathode area of a carbon monoxide electrolyzer to be used as a reduction substrate, and generating, using the carbon monoxide electrolyzer, the reduction substrate, and an oxidation substrate, a volume of generated chemicals. The volume of generated chemicals is at least one of: a volume of hydrocarbons, a volume of organic acids, a volume of alcohol, a volume of olefins and a volume of N-rich organic compounds.

The disclosure discloses a method of operating an electric arc furnace, the method comprising capturing, from at least one facility of a steel mill, a heated metallurgical gas comprising water and carbon monoxide; conducting, by a reactor supply line, said metallurgical gas to a reactor; transforming, by a treatment of said metallurgical gas within said reactor, the carbon monoxide and water into hydrogen and carbon dioxide according to a water-gas shift reaction; and subsequently separating said hydrogen by a separation device. The method is characterized in that it further comprises providing an iron-bearing material, which comprises iron mainly in the form of iron oxide, to the electric arc furnace; at least partially melting the iron-bearing material to obtain a molten bath; conducting, by a furnace supply line, said hydrogen to the electric arc furnace, which is arranged downstream of the furnace supply line; and injecting, by a plurality of hydrogen injection devices, said hydrogen into said electric arc furnace, such that said hydrogen reacts as a reducing agent for reducing iron oxide in the molten bath during a smelting operation of the electric arc furnace.

The present disclosure relates to a method for producing steel in an integrated metallurgical plant comprising at least one direct reduction reactor for directly reducing iron ore to give sponge iron, at least one electric furnace for melting the sponge iron to give pig iron or crude steel, at least one blast furnace for smelting iron ore to give pig iron, and at least one converter for refining pig iron to give crude steel. In accordance with the invention, the process gas discharged from the direct reduction reactor is admixed at least partly to the hot blast air and/or at least partly to an optional charging material, said air and/or said material being blown into the blast furnace.