A composite material includes biodegradable and/or renewable materials such as purified milk protein recovered as a byproduct in cheese making processes. The result is a material suitable for three-dimensional (3D) printing and extrusion based polymer processing, with improved properties but that is still environmentally friendly. Purified milk protein may be used to produce composite thermoplastic materials or resins. Additional chemical modification may improve the blending of purified milk protein.

A network of microfibers are fabricated with a core-shell construction from sustainable materials, where the core includes a phase-change material, such as coconut oil, and the shell includes a biomass, such as cellulose. The microfibers are made via a wet-wet electrospinning process utilizing a coaxial spinneret with an inner conduit and an outer conduit. The biomass and the phase-change material are coaxially extruded into a coagulation bath including a mixture of ethanol and water. The collected microfibers exhibit a beaded structure of PCM aggregates and biomass connecting regions between the aggregates and are effective to aid in the thermoregulation of the immediate environment surrounding the network. The microfibers are suitable for use in a variety of sustainable products such as wearable thermoregulating textiles, wall/ceiling panels, insulation, packaging material, and more.

A functional regenerated cellulose fiber includes a graphene structure and non-carbon non-oxygen elements. The non-carbon non-oxygen elements includes elements of Fe, Si, and Al. The elements of Fe, Si, and Al account for 0.018 wt % to 0.8 wt % of the regenerated cellulose fiber.

A functional regenerated cellulose fiber includes a graphene structure and non-carbon non-oxygen elements. The non-carbon non-oxygen elements includes elements of Fe, Si, and Al. The elements of Fe, Si, and Al account for 0.018 wt % to 0.8 wt % of the regenerated cellulose fiber.

A method of simultaneously modifying degradation rates of at least two compounds including a first compound having a first unmodified degradation rate constant k.sub.1 and a second compound having a second unmodified degradation rate k.sub.2 is provided. The method includes combining a first composition including the first compound with a second composition including the second compound, degrading the first compound and forming a first degradation product; and degrading the second compound and forming a second degradation product. The second degradation product modifies the first unmodified degradation rate constant k.sub.1 of the first compound to a first modified degradation rate k.sub.1′ and the first degradation product modifies the second unmodified degradation rate k.sub.2 of the second compound to a second modified degradation rate k.sub.2′. Compositions resulting from the method are also provided.

A method of simultaneously modifying degradation rates of at least two compounds including a first compound having a first unmodified degradation rate constant k.sub.1 and a second compound having a second unmodified degradation rate k.sub.2 is provided. The method includes combining a first composition including the first compound with a second composition including the second compound, degrading the first compound and forming a first degradation product; and degrading the second compound and forming a second degradation product. The second degradation product modifies the first unmodified degradation rate constant k.sub.1 of the first compound to a first modified degradation rate k.sub.1′ and the first degradation product modifies the second unmodified degradation rate k.sub.2 of the second compound to a second modified degradation rate k.sub.2′. Compositions resulting from the method are also provided.

The frictional power transmission belt includes a frictional power transmission surface formed of a composite fibrous layer containing a fibrous member, an isocyanate compound, and a resin component, wherein the fibrous member contains a cellulose-based fiber. A proportion of each of the isocyanate compound and the resin component in the composite fibrous layer may be 2 to 15% by mass.

The frictional power transmission belt includes a frictional power transmission surface formed of a composite fibrous layer containing a fibrous member, an isocyanate compound, and a resin component, wherein the fibrous member contains a cellulose-based fiber. A proportion of each of the isocyanate compound and the resin component in the composite fibrous layer may be 2 to 15% by mass.

A protein surface layer is formed on a surface of a base fiber comprising a natural protein fiber including silk or a synthetic protein fiber including Chinon. The protein surface layer is divided in a plurality of particles by cracks. The resultant fibers with the protein surface layer divided in particles by cracks affords bulky textile products with an improved texture.

Flame resistant fabrics that comply with applicable thermal requirements (e.g., char length, after flame, thermal shrinkage, etc.) but only include thermally stable fibers in yarns extending in a single fabric direction (warp or weft). The yarns extending in the other direction (warp or weft) are devoid of thermally stable fibers.