A drying method and to a drying device (2) for a moist material web (4) which is composed of a textile fibrous material and which has for example been compacted using liquid jets (45). The drying device (2) includes a drying chamber (22) with an aeration (ventilating) device (29) and an inlet (18), an outlet (19) and a fluid-permeable conveying device (23) for the running material web (4). The material web (4) is transported within the drying chamber (22) by the conveying device (23) and is dried using a heated gas, in particular air. The drying device (2) additionally has a suction device (5) which locally suctions and discharges liquid, in particular water, which is contained in the material web (4) by a suction flow (6) at one or more suction locations (53) at the material web (4).

A method of preparing an electret by saturating a nonwoven fabric with a liquid, such as water, and removing the liquid via suction to generate charges by friction between the fabric fibers and the liquid is described. The saturating can be carried out, for example, by impinging the bottom side of the fabric with a jet or jets of water while the fabric is being pulled under a solid roller. Excess water can also be applied during a water quenching step of a meltblowing or spunbonding process. An apparatus for preparing an electret according to the presently disclosed methods is also described.

A method of preparing an electret by saturating a nonwoven fabric with a liquid, such as water, and removing the liquid via suction to generate charges by friction between the fabric fibers and the liquid is described. The saturating can be carried out, for example, by impinging the bottom side of the fabric with a jet or jets of water while the fabric is being pulled under a solid roller. Excess water can also be applied during a water quenching step of a meltblowing or spunbonding process. An apparatus for preparing an electret according to the presently disclosed methods is also described.

An apparatus for dye application to textile manufactures, exhaustion of the applied dye, and drying of the textile manufacture. The apparatus, in some implementations, includes a dye applicator that applies dye evenly to a textile manufacture of varying length, one or more steam release conduits for heating the textile manufacture with applied dye to exhaust the dye, and a blower system to dry the textile manufacture after application of the applied dye.

An apparatus for dye application to textile manufactures, exhaustion of the applied dye, and drying of the textile manufacture. The apparatus, in some implementations, includes a dye applicator that applies dye evenly to a textile manufacture of varying length, one or more steam release conduits for heating the textile manufacture with applied dye to exhaust the dye, and a blower system to dry the textile manufacture after application of the applied dye.

A method for the treatment of a textile substrate is described, in which the substrate is arranged in a treatment device and treated with an aqueous treatment bath. Here the moisture of the textile substrate is adjusted to a predetermined moisture in the beginning of the treatment, whereby the treatment bath volume to be sprayed on the respective subject and per time unit is determined exactly, so that the textile subject provides the defined predetermined moisture at the end of the treatment. The therefore used devices enables the realization of the method for textile substrates designed as a fabric strand, a wide fabric web package and a fabric package.

A method for the treatment of a textile substrate is described, in which the substrate is arranged in a treatment device and treated with an aqueous treatment bath. Here the moisture of the textile substrate is adjusted to a predetermined moisture in the beginning of the treatment, whereby the treatment bath volume to be sprayed on the respective subject and per time unit is determined exactly, so that the textile subject provides the defined predetermined moisture at the end of the treatment. The therefore used devices enables the realization of the method for textile substrates designed as a fabric strand, a wide fabric web package and a fabric package.

A suction nozzle (23) for a hollow jet suction box (14) is used for sucking liquid jets (4). The jet suction box has on a box casing (18) at least one slot casing opening (20) to a box interior space (17). The suction nozzle (23, 23) has a nozzle body (24), arrangeable above the casing opening (20), with a slot suction opening (25), which passes through the nozzle body in a flow direction (23). The suction opening extends from an inlet side (26) at a free end to an outlet side (27), arrangeable at the casing opening. The nozzle body has a mobile sealing element (29, 29) adjacent the suction opening and laterally defining the slot-like suction opening and a resilient expansion device (33), which acts on the sealing element (29, 29) and pushes the sealing element outward, away from the outlet side, against the suction flow direction.

A suction nozzle (23) for a hollow jet suction box (14) is used for sucking liquid jets (4). The jet suction box has on a box casing (18) at least one slot casing opening (20) to a box interior space (17). The suction nozzle (23, 23) has a nozzle body (24), arrangeable above the casing opening (20), with a slot suction opening (25), which passes through the nozzle body in a flow direction (23). The suction opening extends from an inlet side (26) at a free end to an outlet side (27), arrangeable at the casing opening. The nozzle body has a mobile sealing element (29, 29) adjacent the suction opening and laterally defining the slot-like suction opening and a resilient expansion device (33), which acts on the sealing element (29, 29) and pushes the sealing element outward, away from the outlet side, against the suction flow direction.

A method of producing a friction material. The method includes mixing silica containing filler particles and a liquid binder to form a binder-filler liquid mixture. The method also includes saturating a fibrous base material with the binder-filler liquid mixture to form a saturated fibrous base material. The method further includes curing the saturated fibrous base material at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time to cure the saturated fibrous base material to form the friction material.