Problem: To provide a technique suitable for the circular economy that allows reduction of the environmental load.

Solution: A soil paving material for paving soil on topsoil includes a stone dust 110, a baked rice bran 120, and a solidifying material 130. The stone dust 110 is produced when a stone material is processed. The baked rice bran 120 is produced by baking rice bran into a carbonized state. The solidifying material 130 used for the soil paving material includes at least one of a calcined plaster and a hydrated lime.

Problem: To provide a technique suitable for the circular economy that allows reduction of the environmental load.

Solution: A soil paving material for paving soil on topsoil includes a stone dust 110, a baked rice bran 120, and a solidifying material 130. The stone dust 110 is produced when a stone material is processed. The baked rice bran 120 is produced by baking rice bran into a carbonized state. The solidifying material 130 used for the soil paving material includes at least one of a calcined plaster and a hydrated lime.

A dust control product includes a lipid, a second component that corresponds to a surfactant and a dilutant. The second component and lipid are processed together to create a lipid emulsion in which the second component acts as a protective colloid. Lipids include animal fats like tallow, lard, chicken fat, and/or butter, as well as plant-based fats like palm oil, coconut oil, avocado oil, cocoa butter, vegetable oil, soybean oil, trans fats, and peanut oil. The second component may correspond to one or more of polyethylene glycol, a polyethylene glycol derivative, a sugar alcohol, a sugar alcohol derivative or another alcohol or alcohol derivative. The dilutant may correspond to water, a saline solution, glycol, glycerin or a combination thereof. The dust control product may include a third component, including a preservative, an extender and/or a humectant.

A freeze-thaw durable, dimensionally stable, geopolymer composition including: cementitious reactive powder including thermally activated aluminosilicate mineral, aluminate cement preferably selected from at least one of calcium sulfoaluminate cement and calcium aluminate cement, and calcium sulfate selected from at least one of calcium sulfate dihydrate, calcium sulfate hemihydrate, and anhydrous calcium sulfate; alkali metal chemical activator; and a freeze-thaw durability component selected from at least one of air-entraining agent, defoaming agent, and surface active organic polymer; wherein the composition has an air content of about 4% to 20% by volume, more preferably about 4% to 12% by volume, and most preferably about 4% to 8% by volume. The compositions are made from a slurry wherein the water/cementitious reactive powder weight ratio is 0.14 to 0.45:1, preferably 0.16 to 0.35:1, and more preferably 0.18 to 0.25:1. Methods for making the compositions are also disclosed.

A freeze-thaw durable, dimensionally stable, geopolymer composition including: cementitious reactive powder including thermally activated aluminosilicate mineral, aluminate cement preferably selected from at least one of calcium sulfoaluminate cement and calcium aluminate cement, and calcium sulfate selected from at least one of calcium sulfate dihydrate, calcium sulfate hemihydrate, and anhydrous calcium sulfate; alkali metal chemical activator; and a freeze-thaw durability component selected from at least one of air-entraining agent, defoaming agent, and surface active organic polymer; wherein the composition has an air content of about 4% to 20% by volume, more preferably about 4% to 12% by volume, and most preferably about 4% to 8% by volume. The compositions are made from a slurry wherein the water/cementitious reactive powder weight ratio is 0.14 to 0.45:1, preferably 0.16 to 0.35:1, and more preferably 0.18 to 0.25:1. Methods for making the compositions are also disclosed.

Methods and compositions for the installation of scientifically engineered and constructed unpaved runways are disclosed herein. The compositions are heterogeneous mixtures produced by blending aliphatic or cyclic organic compounds with binders that chemically react with gravel, aggregate, and soil particles to create permanent bonds, resulting in a strengthened and stabilized surface. When blended into the aggregate of a runway surface, the organic compounds act as a carrier fluid, distributing the binder system evenly so particles of all sizes are thoroughly and uniformly coated with the composition. Once the composition is distributed, an adhesion promoting compound reacts with constituents in the aggregate to increase the formation and strength of chemical bonds between particles.

Methods and compositions for the installation of scientifically engineered and constructed unpaved runways are disclosed herein. The compositions are heterogeneous mixtures produced by blending aliphatic or cyclic organic compounds with binders that chemically react with gravel, aggregate, and soil particles to create permanent bonds, resulting in a strengthened and stabilized surface. When blended into the aggregate of a runway surface, the organic compounds act as a carrier fluid, distributing the binder system evenly so particles of all sizes are thoroughly and uniformly coated with the composition. Once the composition is distributed, an adhesion promoting compound reacts with constituents in the aggregate to increase the formation and strength of chemical bonds between particles.

A method for preparing a paving material includes heating an aggregate comprising recycled asphalt pavement using an emitter generating electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength of from 2 microns to 1 millimeter. The method utilizes solid phase autoregenerative cohesion to prepare a material suitable for use as an aggregate in a hot mix asphalt pavement installation.

A method for preparing a paving material includes heating an aggregate comprising recycled asphalt pavement using an emitter generating electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength of from 2 microns to 1 millimeter. The method utilizes solid phase autoregenerative cohesion to prepare a material suitable for use as an aggregate in a hot mix asphalt pavement installation.

A method and system for strengthening and hardening unpaved surfaces is presented wherein a triglyceride composition is applied to an unpaved area. The composition is comprised of a homogenized mixture of one or more triglycerides, water, one or more surfactants, and, optionally, a catalyst. The triglycerides used in the composition are generally commercially-available oils and greases, such as naturally-derived oils that contain mono- and poly-unsaturated fatty acid triglycerides, such as those found in used cooking oil. The surfactant acts as a stabilizing agent and also aids in the saturation of the unpaved surface during application. The catalyst facilitates the drying and hardening process. The unpaved surface is compacted with a heavy roller and/or a vibratory compactor and then coated with an application of the triglyceride composition. In alternate embodiments, the triglyceride mixture is applied before the unpaved surface is compacted.