Provided is a compression ratio varying mechanism, including: a discharge oil passage connected to a first hydraulic chamber; a supply oil passage connected to a hydraulic pump; a pump cylinder including a first oil storage chamber connected to the discharge oil passage and the supply oil passage and a second oil storage chamber partitioned from the first oil storage chamber by a plunger; a branch oil passage connected to the second oil storage chamber; and an orifice provided in the branch oil passage.

Internal combustion engines having a split crankshaft are disclosed. The engines may also have non-circular, preferably rectangular, cross-section pistons and cylinders. The pistons may include a skirt with a field of pockets that provide a ringless, non-lubricated, seal equivalent. The pistons also may have a domed piston head with depressions thereon to facilitate the movement of air/charge in the cylinder. The engines also may use multi-stage poppet valves in lieu of conventional poppet valves. The engines may use the pumping motion of the engine piston to supercharge the cylinder with air/charge. The engines also may operate in an inverted orientation in which the piston is closer to the local gravitationally dominant terrestrial body's center of gravity at top dead center position than at bottom dead center position.

An expanded torque system of an internal combustion engine includes a cylinder having an upper piston bore, a lower piston bore and a lower action chamber. An upper piston is connected to the upper link rod and reciprocally moves in the upper piston bore. A linkage unit has a link block coupled to the upper link rod. A lower piston moves in the lower piston bore and is connected to the link block. A lower link rod is disposed at the lower action chamber and is pivotally coupled between the linkage unit and a lower link rod pivoting handle. A crank shaft is disposed at the lower action chamber and has a main shaft and the lower link rod pivoting handle eccentrically connected to the main shaft. An oil ring with oil outlets is disposed at the top of the lower action chamber and communicates with a main oil duct.

Systems and methods are described for a reciprocating mechanism. The system includes at least one axially translating y-axis component configured to reciprocate substantially along a y-axis with a reciprocating motion of a piston assembly relative to a base. The system also includes at least one x-axis component slidingly coupled via at least one bearing assembly to and translating with the at least one y-axis component along the y-axis. The at least one x-axis component is configured to reciprocate substantially perpendicularly to the y-axis relative to the at least one y-axis component, and includes an orbital output component and an orbital linking component disposed substantially concentric with the orbital output component. The system also includes a stationary output component rotatably attached to the base in a direction that is substantially perpendicular to both the x-axis and y-axis, and a stationary linking component rotatably attached to the base in a direction that is substantially concentric with the stationary output component.

A heat engine, in particular an ORC engine, includes a crankcase and at least one working cylinder connected to the crankcase, in which cylinder a working piston that is rigidly connected to a piston rod can be moved and the end of the piston rod facing away from the working piston is articulatedly connected to a connecting rod by crosshead running in the longitudinal direction of the piston rod. The interior of the working cylinder, which is supplied with a working medium, is separated from the interior of the crankcase, which is supplied with oil, by two walls, each of which has a sealing through-opening for the piston rod.

An internal combustion engine includes a hollow cylinder, a piston within the hollow cylinder, and a cylinder head. A base valve assembly at a base of the hollow cylinder permits or restricts fluid flow from an intake manifold into a sub-chamber below the piston. The piston includes at least one intake port connecting a combustion chamber above the piston with the sub-chamber, and a transfer valve that opens and closes the at least one intake port. When the transfer valve opens the at least one intake port, fluid is permitted to flow from the sub-chamber to the combustion chamber. The internal combustion engine operates according to a four-stroke piston cycle, wherein multiple intake stages are provided. The intake stages may include intake of air into the sub-chamber during a compression stroke, transfer of air from the sub-chamber to the combustion chamber during a power stroke, intake of air-fuel mixture into the sub-chamber during an exhaust stroke, and transfer of air-fuel mixture from the sub-chamber to the combustion chamber during an intake stroke.

An internal combustion engine includes a hollow cylinder, a piston within the hollow cylinder, and a cylinder head. A base valve assembly at a base of the hollow cylinder permits or restricts fluid flow from an intake manifold into a sub-chamber below the piston. The piston includes at least one intake port connecting a combustion chamber above the piston with the sub-chamber, and a transfer valve that opens and closes the at least one intake port. When the transfer valve opens the at least one intake port, fluid is permitted to flow from the sub-chamber to the combustion chamber. The internal combustion engine operates according to a four-stroke piston cycle, wherein multiple intake stages are provided. The intake stages may include intake of air into the sub-chamber during a compression stroke, transfer of air from the sub-chamber to the combustion chamber during a power stroke, intake of air-fuel mixture into the sub-chamber during an exhaust stroke, and transfer of air-fuel mixture from the sub-chamber to the combustion chamber during an intake stroke.

An internal combustion engine including at least two cylinders with parallel longitudinal axes, each cylinder including an opening and a piston capable of moving in translation inside the cylinder, the respective openings of the cylinders facing each other, the pistons being in kinematic relation with a connecting rod-crank mechanism including: a spacer connecting the pistons, suitable for maintaining a fixed spacing between the pistons, the pistons being respectively attached to the arms of the spacer, a crankshaft rotating about an axis, arranged between the openings of the cylinders and between the longitudinal axes of the cylinders, the crankshaft comprising a crank pin, a rocker rotating about the crank pin, at least one connecting rod including a first, small end, rigidly attached to the spacer and a second, big end, rigidly attached to one of the ends of the rocker.

Automatic cleaned drain piping system on crosshead type two-stroke engines. The invention is having a slow rotating centreless flexible spiral auger fixed mounted in the piping system. The purpose of the invention is to constant avoiding build-up of deposit inside the drain pipes during normal operation. My invention will prevent partly or full blockage of the drain piping. The invention will help to trouble free, reliable and safe continued operation of two-stroke crosshead type engines. The invention will give dramatic savings in man-hours, cleaning chemicals and materials used during manual pipe cleaning. The invention is suitable for mounting during construction of new engines as well as for retrofit. The purpose of the very slow rotating auger is solely to keep heavy, solid and slow flowing particles moving along with the freely flowing oil, thus avoiding deposit building up inside the pipe. The slow rotation speed of the auger inside the pipe creates a scraping action on the lower part of the pipe inner wall, thereby keeping heavy, solid and slow flowing particles in motion.

A frame includes a rib. The frame also includes a crosshead tube that is integral with the rib. The frame also includes a lube rail that is integral with the rib, the crosshead tube, or both. The frame also includes a nose plate that is integral with the rib, the crosshead tube, the lube rail, or a combination thereof.