An exhaust manifold for a vehicle configured for improving fuel efficiency of the vehicle by improving fluidity of exhaust gas may include a manifold body having a plurality of inlet portions which are outwardly extended and an outlet portion which is outwardly extended, wherein the manifold body may have a flat surface formed on at least a portion of a top surface thereof.

An exhaust system is disclosed for a use with an engine. The exhaust system may have a plurality of manifold sections, each being connected to an adjacent one of the plurality of manifold sections and thereby forming an exhaust manifold. The exhaust system may also have a plurality of elbow-shaped coolant adapters, each being configured to connect a corresponding one of the plurality of manifold sections to a corresponding cylinder head of the engine and having a coolant jacket formed therein. The exhaust system may further have a heat shield formed around the exhaust manifold.

A heat conduction member includes: a cylindrical ceramic body, a metal pipe on the outer periphery side of the cylindrical ceramic body, and an intermediate member held between the cylindrical ceramic body and the metal pipe. The cylindrical ceramic body has passages passing through from one end face to the other end face and allowing the first fluid to flow therethrough. The intermediate member is made of material having at least a part having a Young's modulus of 150 Gpa or less. The first fluid is allowed to flow through the inside of the cylindrical ceramic body while the second fluid having lower temperature than that of the first fluid is allowed to flow on the outer peripheral face side of the metal pipe to perform heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid.

An engine having a cylinder fastened to the engine ease with the biconcave internal partition, which divides the cylinder into the upper and bottom parts. Sparking plugs are mounted on both sides of the partition. The upper and the bottom parts of the cylinder have side scavenging channels which connect suction spaces to the working spaces of both parts of the cylinder. The upper and bottom parts of the cylinder have inlet and outlet orifices. Inside the upper and inside the bottom part of the cylinder and the upper and bottom piston are placed respectively, while both pistons are directed towards each other by the working surfaces. The pistons are connected by a rod that is led through the linear bearing that is embedded in the partition forming a seal. The connecting rod is fastened to the bottom piston and by its other end it is connected to the crankshaft.

Methods and systems are provided for a 2-port integrated exhaust manifold for an inline-3, inline-6, V-6, and/or V-12 engine. In one example, a system may include an exhaust manifold integrated within a cylinder head of an engine block. The integrated exhaust manifold may include a first set of two runners from a first outer cylinder coupled to a first manifold exhaust port, a second set of two runners of a second outer cylinder coupled to a second manifold exhaust port, and one runner of an inner cylinder coupled to the first manifold exhaust port and another runner of the inner cylinder coupled to the second manifold exhaust port.

An exhaust manifold is for an internal combustion engine on an outboard marine engine that is configured to power a propulsor to provide a thrust in a longitudinal direction. The exhaust manifold comprises an exhaust runner that transversely and longitudinally rearwardly conveys the exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine, an exhaust log that vertically upwardly conveys the exhaust gas from the exhaust runner, and an exhaust elbow that conveys the exhaust gas from the exhaust log vertically upwardly, longitudinally forwardly, and then vertically downwardly.

Operating an engine system includes feeding a flow of exhaust to a turbine in a turbocharger, receiving a load step request, and increasing a speed of rotation of the turbocharger based on an increase in a fueling rate initiated in response to the load step request. Operating the engine system further includes limiting dissipation of heat energy of the flow of exhaust to the turbine to hasten an increase in the speed of rotation of the turbocharger, and increasing dissipation of heat energy from the flow of exhaust after satisfaction of the load step request. Varying of the dissipation of heat energy can be achieved by displacing an insulating fluid in the exhaust manifold with a heat exchange fluid such as water and/or engine coolant.

An exhaust gas purification structure of an outboard motor includes an exhaust gas pipe that has an exhaust gas passage through which exhaust gas of an engine can flow; and a catalyst that is provided in the exhaust gas passage and purifies the exhaust gas by allowing the exhaust gas to pass through the inside thereof. The exhaust gas pipe includes a coolant flow passage allowing a coolant that cools the exhaust gas to flow therethrough. An exhaust gas bypass passage allowing the exhaust gas to flow without passing through the catalyst is formed between the catalyst and an inner surface of the exhaust gas pipe forming the exhaust gas passage.

An applied-ignition internal combustion engine includes first and second combustion chambers, an exhaust-gas system with an exhaust-gas purification system is disposed at the first and second combustion chambers, and an exhaust-gas manifold. An exhaust gas from a combustion of a fuel/air mixture firstly flows through the exhaust-gas manifold and subsequently flows through the exhaust-gas purification system. A first section of the exhaust-gas system from the first combustion chamber to the exhaust-gas purification system is cooled more than a second section of the exhaust-gas system from the second combustion chamber to the exhaust-gas purification system. The first combustion chamber is operated with a lean fuel/air mixture, the second combustion chamber is operated with a rich fuel/air mixture, and an overall exhaust-gas lambda value at an inlet into the exhaust-gas purification system is stoichiometric.

An exhaust component for an engine exhaust system includes a conduit for carrying exhaust gases, an outer wall, a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet, and a pattern of internal support structures. The conduit, outer wall, and internal support structures are formed from an additive material using an additive manufacturing process. A water cavity is defined between the conduit and the outer wall. The fluid inlet and outlet are in fluid communication with the water cavity. The pattern of internal support structures are integral with the conduit and with the outer wall, are disposed in the water cavity, and are arranged such that fluid flows from the fluid inlet through, between, or around the internal support structures to the fluid outlet. The fluid and its flow through the water cavity is adapted to absorb heat from hot exhaust gases flowing through the conduit during operation of the engine exhaust system.