An arrangement for converting thermal energy from lost heat of an internal combustion engine into mechanical energy includes a working circuit for a working medium. An expansion engine is disposed in the working circuit. A heat exchanger is mounted upstream of the expansion engine in a flow direction of the working medium where the working circuit extends through the heat exchange. The heat exchanger includes an exhaust gas recirculation heat exchanger having a cold part and a warm part, an exhaust gas heat exchanger, and a phase transition cooling in the internal combustion engine. The heat exchanger is formed by serial connection in a sequence of the cold part of the exhaust gas recirculation heat exchanger, the exhaust gas heat exchanger, the phase transition cooling in the internal combustion engine, and the warm part of the exhaust gas recirculation heat exchanger.

An arrangement for converting thermal energy from lost heat of an internal combustion engine into mechanical energy includes a working circuit for a working medium. An expansion engine is disposed in the working circuit. A heat exchanger is mounted upstream of the expansion engine in a flow direction of the working medium where the working circuit extends through the heat exchange. The heat exchanger includes an exhaust gas recirculation heat exchanger having a cold part and a warm part, an exhaust gas heat exchanger, and a phase transition cooling in the internal combustion engine. The heat exchanger is formed by serial connection in a sequence of the cold part of the exhaust gas recirculation heat exchanger, the exhaust gas heat exchanger, the phase transition cooling in the internal combustion engine, and the warm part of the exhaust gas recirculation heat exchanger.

An air cooled machine is formed with a housing and a plurality of heat rejecting fins with a heat pipe system disposed therein. The heat pipe system includes a primary passageway and a plurality of leg passageways extending through the housing and into each fin. A working fluid is disposed within the heat pipe system and is operable to receive heat from a heat source, change material phase at a threshold temperature and transfer the heat through the fins to a surrounding atmosphere.

An air cooled machine is formed with a housing and a plurality of heat rejecting fins with a heat pipe system disposed therein. The heat pipe system includes a primary passageway and a plurality of leg passageways extending through the housing and into each fin. A working fluid is disposed within the heat pipe system and is operable to receive heat from a heat source, change material phase at a threshold temperature and transfer the heat through the fins to a surrounding atmosphere.

An apparatus of decreasing intake air temperature of an engine includes: a first cooling circuit including a compressor, a condenser, a first expansion valve, and an evaporator disposed along a first cooling line through which refrigerant flows; a second cooling circuit including the compressor, the condenser, a second expansion valve, and a chiller disposed along a second cooling line through which the refrigerant flows; and a third cooling circuit including an electric water pump, the chiller, an intercooler, and a radiator disposed along a third cooling line through which coolant flows.

An apparatus of decreasing intake air temperature of an engine includes: a first cooling circuit including a compressor, a condenser, a first expansion valve, and an evaporator disposed along a first cooling line through which refrigerant flows; a second cooling circuit including the compressor, the condenser, a second expansion valve, and a chiller disposed along a second cooling line through which the refrigerant flows; and a third cooling circuit including an electric water pump, the chiller, an intercooler, and a radiator disposed along a third cooling line through which coolant flows.

A split cycle internal combustion engine includes a combustion cylinder accommodating a combustion piston and a compression cylinder accommodating a compression piston. The engine also includes a controller arranged to receive an indication of a parameter associated with the combustion cylinder and/or a fluid associated therewith and to control an exhaust valve of the combustion cylinder in dependence on the indicated parameter to cause the exhaust valve to close during the return stroke of the combustion piston, before the combustion piston has reached its top dead centre position (TDC), when the indicated parameter is less than a target value for the parameter; and close on completion of the return stroke of the combustion piston, as the combustion piston reaches its top dead centre position (TDC), when the indicated parameter is equal to or greater than the target value for the parameter.

A split cycle internal combustion engine includes a combustion cylinder accommodating a combustion piston and a compression cylinder accommodating a compression piston. The engine also includes a controller arranged to receive an indication of a parameter associated with the combustion cylinder and/or a fluid associated therewith and to control an exhaust valve of the combustion cylinder in dependence on the indicated parameter to cause the exhaust valve to close during the return stroke of the combustion piston, before the combustion piston has reached its top dead centre position (TDC), when the indicated parameter is less than a target value for the parameter; and close on completion of the return stroke of the combustion piston, as the combustion piston reaches its top dead centre position (TDC), when the indicated parameter is equal to or greater than the target value for the parameter.

An arrangement for converting thermal energy from lost heat of an internal combustion engine into mechanical energy where a working circuit is provided for a working medium which can be heated and evaporated using the lost heat. An expansion machine for obtaining mechanical energy from the heat of the working medium is provided in the working circuit where the working circuit extends through a heat exchanger mounted upstream of the expansion engine in the flow direction of the working medium. The internal combustion engine includes a cylinder having a cylinder liner. A cooling duct is provided in the cylinder liner through which the working medium flows. The cylinder liner is formed by centrifugal casting where the cooling duct is introduced into one centrifugal mold as an insert prior to the centrifugal casting.

An arrangement for converting thermal energy from lost heat of an internal combustion engine into mechanical energy where a working circuit is provided for a working medium which can be heated and evaporated using the lost heat. An expansion machine for obtaining mechanical energy from the heat of the working medium is provided in the working circuit where the working circuit extends through a heat exchanger mounted upstream of the expansion engine in the flow direction of the working medium. The internal combustion engine includes a cylinder having a cylinder liner. A cooling duct is provided in the cylinder liner through which the working medium flows. The cylinder liner is formed by centrifugal casting where the cooling duct is introduced into one centrifugal mold as an insert prior to the centrifugal casting.