A 2-cycle, direct-injection diesel engine configured to accommodate low cetane diesel and jet fuels. The engine includes combustion chambers having surfaces which are operable at high temperatures during engine operation to increase the combustion rate of low cetane fuels. The engine is further configured to reduce starting times in cold and/or low pressure situations such as those experienced during attempts to restart a plane engine at relatively high altitudes.

The present invention relates to novel uses of copolymers for removing and/or reducing the level of deposits in the fuel system and/or injection system of direct injection diesel and/or gasoline engines.

A 2-cycle, direct-injection diesel engine configured to accommodate low cetane diesel and jet fuels. The engine includes combustion chambers having surfaces which are operable at high temperatures during engine operation to increase the combustion rate of low cetane fuels. The engine is further configured to reduce starting times in cold and/or low pressure situations such as those experienced during attempts to restart a plane engine at relatively high altitudes.

Operating an engine includes moving a piston in an engine from a bottom-dead-center position toward a top-dead-center position in a cylinder, and directly admitting a prechamber fuel such as methanol into a prechamber ignition device fluidly connected to the cylinder. Operating the engine further includes autoigniting the prechamber fuel to produce jets of gases from the prechamber ignition device containing reactive species such as hydroxyl radicals to ignite a main charge of a fuel in the cylinder via the jets of gases produced via the autoignition of the prechamber fuel. Related apparatus is also disclosed.

A hybrid system, including a solid-oxide fuel cell (SOFC), an internal combustion engine (ICE), and a thermochemical recuperation (TCR) unit. The TCR unit is configured to: (i) receive waist heat from the ICE, (ii) receive a primary fuel, (iii) perform a waste heat recovery process to provide reformed fuel. The SOFC is configured to receive a first part of the reformed fuel and convert the first part of the reformed fuel to electrical work. The ICE is configured to receive a second part of the reformed fuel and convert the second part of the reformed fuel to mechanical work.

An air-vapor engine which exhibits one or more cylinders and a piston located therein, by which a stroke movement can be performed. Furthermore, the air-vapor engine has an injection nozzle and a prechamber. The prechamber is arranged between the injection nozzle and the cylinder, a fuel fluid is introduced into the prechamber from the injection nozzle. Compressed air from the cylinder can be received by the prechamber. This enables the stroke movement of the cylinder. In addition, the cylinder is connected to a condenser via an outlet valve such that the air-vapor mixture or the vapor of the air-vapor mixture condenses and is present in the condenser as condensate. The condenser and the injection nozzle are in flow connection. This means that the air-vapor engine exhibits a circuit, resulting in efficient operability.