Based on respective signals from the combustion pressure sensor and a crank angle sensor, heat generation amount data in which a heat generation amount and a crank angle are related to each other is generated, and an estimated heat generation amount is calculated based on a fuel amount in the combustion cycle. When a final value of a heat generation amount in the combustion cycle is smaller than the estimated heat generation amount, the combustion state parameter is calculated based on the heat generation amount data to a crank angle corresponding to the final value of the heat generation amount. When the final value of the heat generation amount is equal to or larger than the estimated heat generation amount, the combustion state parameter is calculated based on the heat generation amount data to a crank angle at which the heat generation amount reaches the estimated heat generation amount.

The present invention is a method and system for collection of exhaust emissions installed in vehicles and disposal thereof, based on pollution conditions of the surrounding environment, said conditions identified either from sensors installed on the vehicles themselves, or by means of an external service, e.g. the Internet, cloud service, etc.

The present invention discloses methods and systems for problem-alert aggregation and identifying sub-optimal behavior. Methods include the steps of: providing data-driven alerts for an asset, wherein the data-driven alerts associate real-world data measured and/or detected from the asset, and wherein entities are physical objects and/or processes; providing an asset representation including interrelations between the objects, processes, and sensors associated with the entities of the asset; associating the data-driven alerts with the respective entities which are interrelated in the asset representation; aggregating the data-driven alerts into events, wherein the events are groupings of related data-driven alerts having related entities according to the asset representation; scoring each event into an event score, wherein the event score represents an event importance, an event urgency, an event relevance, and/or an event significance; and generating a selected subset of the events and respective event scores, wherein the selected subset is based on the event scores.

A method for monitoring the operation of a component includes receiving a stream of data samples, wherein each data sample represents a value of a physical parameter of the component, identifying local extrema of the stream of data samples, storing information relating to each local extremum in a respective position of a fixed size buffer, and upon the presence of a cycle formed between two matching endpoints represented by two local maxima or two local minima: i) deleting at least one of the local extrema corresponding to the endpoints of the cycle from the buffer, and ii) storing information related to the cycle in a memory such that the information stored in the memory represents the operation of the component. When the buffer is full such that each position of the buffer contains information relating to a unique local extrema, the method further includes the steps of: i) deleting the information relating to the oldest local extrema from the buffer, ii) calculating a pseudo cycle formed between two endpoints of which one endpoint is represented by the deleted oldest local extrema, and iii) storing information related to the calculated pseudo cycle in the memory.

An ECU as a fuel injection control device includes: an injector control part that energizes a magnetic circuit of a fuel injector by a specified injection pulse to thereby open the fuel injector and that energizes the magnetic circuit by a specified energization pulse within a range in which a needle valve of the fuel injector is not driven; and a storage part that stores information relating to a behavior of a drive voltage (minus terminal voltage) of the fuel injector when the magnetic circuit is energized by the injector control part by the specified energization pulse.

The pressure in the combustion chamber of an electronically controlled spark plug ignition engine may be estimated in real time mode without specific sensors by processing sensed ionization current data to calculate features of the current waveform proven to be correlated to the pressure inside the engine cylinders and correlating them on the basis of a look up table of time invariant correlation coefficients generated through a calibration campaign of tests on a test engine purposely equipped with sensors. A mathematical model of the electrical and physical spark plug ignition system and combustion chamber of the engine is refined during calibration by iteratively testing the interactive performance of correlation coefficients of related terms of a mathematical expression of the model and comparing the expressed pressure value with the real pressure value as measured by a sensor.

The present invention discloses methods and systems for problem-alert aggregation and identifying sub-optimal behavior. Methods include the steps of: providing data-driven alerts for an asset, wherein the data-driven alerts associate real-world data measured and/or detected from the asset, and wherein entities are physical objects and/or processes; providing an asset representation including interrelations between the objects, processes, and sensors associated with the entities of the asset; associating the data-driven alerts with the respective entities which are interrelated in the asset representation; aggregating the data-driven alerts into events, wherein the events are groupings of related data-driven alerts having related entities according to the asset representation; scoring each event into an event score, wherein the event score represents an event importance, an event urgency, an event relevance, and/or an event significance; and generating a selected subset of the events and respective event scores, wherein the selected subset is based on the event scores.

Based on respective signals from the combustion pressure sensor and a crank angle sensor, heat generation amount data in which a heat generation amount and a crank angle are related to each other is generated, and an estimated heat generation amount is calculated based on a fuel amount in the combustion cycle. When a final value of a heat generation amount in the combustion cycle is smaller than the estimated heat generation amount, the combustion state parameter is calculated based on the heat generation amount data to a crank angle corresponding to the final value of the heat generation amount. When the final value of the heat generation amount is equal to or larger than the estimated heat generation amount, the combustion state parameter is calculated based on the heat generation amount data to a crank angle at which the heat generation amount reaches the estimated heat generation amount.

An ECU as a fuel injection control device includes: an injector control part that energizes a magnetic circuit of a fuel injector by a specified injection pulse to thereby open the fuel injector and that energizes the magnetic circuit by a specified energization pulse within a range in which a needle valve of the fuel injector is not driven; and a storage part that stores information relating to a behavior of a drive voltage (minus terminal voltage) of the fuel injector when the magnetic circuit is energized by the injector control part by the specified energization pulse.

A method for carrying out a calculation of a data-based function model in a control unit having a computing unit and a separate model calculation unit having a computing core, including: loading a first part of the configuration data, which contain hyperparameters of the data-based function model and a first part of supporting point data having multiple supporting points, into the model calculation unit; starting a calculation in the computing core of the model calculation unit, to obtain a model value at a predefined test point; and transferring a second part of the configuration data, which contain a second part of the supporting point data having multiple supporting points, into the model calculation unit, prior to the completion of the calculation in the computing core of the model calculation unit.