An object of the present invention is to provide an anti-loosening device that exhibits its anti-loosening effect by means of an eccentric fit between a protrusion 12 of a nut 10 and a recess 22 in a nut 20, wherein the inclination of the nut 20 relative to the nut 10 when they have been tightened is minimized. The outer peripheral surface of the protrusion 12 and the inner peripheral surface of the recess 22 are constructed in such a manner that, with the nuts screwed to a threaded shaft S and an eccentric fit established between the protrusion 12 of the nut 10 and the recess 22 in the nut 20, the tapered outer peripheral surface portion 12a of the protrusion 12 interferes with the tapered inner peripheral surface portion 22a of the recess 22 along part of the circumference while a gap is formed between the distal-end outer peripheral surface portion 12b of the protrusion 12 and the closer-to-bottom inner peripheral surface portion 22b of the recess 22 along the entire circumference.