A strand profile (10) is proposed. The strand profile (10) extends in a longitudinal extent direction (22), the strand profile (10) having a first layer structure (24) arranged around the longitudinal extent direction (22) and a second layer structure (32) surrounding the first layer structure (24), the first layer structure (24) comprising a first multiplicity of layers (26), each layer (26) of the first layer structure (24) having multiple fibers (28), the second layer structure (32) comprising a second multiplicity of layers (34), each layer (34) of the second layer structure (32) having multiple fibers (36), the fibers (28) of the first multiplicity of layers (28) and the fibers (36) of the second multiplicity of layers (34) each extending in longitudinal extent directions (30, 38), the longitudinal extent directions (30) of the fibers (28) of the first multiplicity of layers (26) and the fibers (36) of the second multiplicity of layers (34) each being oriented at an angle with a magnitude in a range from 30 to 60, and preferably in a range from 40 to 50, with respect to the longitudinal extent direction (22) of the strand profile (10), the fibers (28) of the first multiplicity of layers (26) extending relative to the longitudinal extent direction (22) of the strand profile (10) in such a way that, in the presence of setpoint torsional loading of the strand profile (10), said fibers are subjected to longitudinal compressive loading in their longitudinal extent directions (30), the fibers (36) of the second multiplicity of layers (34) extending relative to the longitudinal extent direction (22) of the strand profile (10) in such a way that, in the presence of setpoint torsional loading of the strand profile (10), said fibers are subjected to longitudinal tensile loading in their longitudinal extent directions (38), the longitudinal extent directions (30) of the fibers (28) of adjacent layers (26) of the first multiplicity of layers (26) differing from one another by an angle with a magnitude in a range from 0 to 10, preferably 2 to 10 and even more preferably 2 to 6, the longitudinal extent directions (38) of the fibers (36) of adjacent layers (34) of the second multiplicity of layers (34) differing from one another by an angle with a magnitude in a range from 0 to 10, preferably 2 to 10 and even more preferab

The invention is an actuator device comprising a first and a second tappet, wherein the first tappet is movably arranged in a first guide sleeve and the second tappet is movably arranged in a second guide sleeve, wherein the first tappet in the first guide sleeve is surrounded by a first restoring spring and the second tappet in the second guide sleeve is surrounded by a second restoring spring, and wherein the guide sleeves are arranged at a fixed distance from each other, wherein the first restoring spring is a coil spring wound in the left-hand direction and the second restoring spring is a coil spring wound in the right-hand direction.

A composite coil spring includes a coil body that extends along a coiled axis. The coil body includes a core and fiber layers impregnated with a polymer material. The fiber layers are arranged around the core at different radial distances from the coiled axis. Each fiber layer extend around the coiled axis at an oblique fiber angle to the coiled axis. The fiber layers include at least one glass fiber layer and at least one carbon fiber layer. Each fiber layer includes a number of fibers that is a product of a common base number of fibers multiplied by a positive non-zero integer from a set of positive non-zero integers. The positive non-zero integer of at least one of the fiber layers is different from the positive non-zero integer of at least one other of the fiber layers.

A torsion spring may be formed as a bar spring or helical spring comprising a spring wire of fiber composite material. In some examples, the torsion spring comprises a number of layers of fiber reinforcement, which are impregnated with a matrix material. The layers may comprise tensile-loaded fibers and compression-loaded fibers. Groups of layers of the same loading direction may exist and, seen from an inside to an outside, the group stiffness of at least two groups may differ. Likewise, methods for making such torsion springs of fiber composite material are disclosed.

A coil spring includes: a core that is elastically deformable; and a reinforced fiber layer including reinforced fibers wound around an outer circumference of the core, and a thermoset resin that firmly adheres the reinforced fibers to one another. In at least a part of a surface layer of the reinforced fiber layer, a content percentage of the reinforced fibers on an inner circumferential side of the coil spring is larger than a content percentage of the reinforced fibers on an outer circumferential side of the coil spring.

A wire material for an elastic member includes: inner circumferential-side reinforced fibers that are wound in a spiral form; outer circumferential-side reinforced fibers that are provided on an outer circumference of the inner circumferential-side reinforced fibers; and thermosetting resin that is provided in at least a part of the inner circumferential-side reinforced fibers and the outer circumferential-side reinforced fibers and firmly fixes the reinforced fibers with each other. An angle formed by a winding direction of the inner circumferential-side reinforced fibers and a center axis of the winding is 70 to 110. A winding direction of the outer circumferential-side reinforced fibers with respect to a center axis of the winding is along a direction of a tensile load applied to the wire material for the elastic member in accordance with a load applying torsional stress to the wire material for the elastic member as an externally applied load.

A composite coil spring includes a coil body that extends along a coiled axis. The coil body includes a core and fiber layers impregnated with a polymer material. The fiber layers are arranged around the core at different radial distances from the coiled axis. Each fiber layer extend around the coiled axis at an oblique fiber angle to the coiled axis. The fiber layers include at least one glass fiber layer and at least one carbon fiber layer. Each fiber layer includes a number of fibers that is a product of a common base number of fibers multiplied by a positive non-zero integer from a set of positive non-zero integers. The positive non-zero integer of at least one of the fiber layers is different from the positive non-zero integer of at least one other of the fiber layers.

A torque transfer mechanism includes an input member to receive from a propulsion source, an input torque about an axis of rotation and an output member coupled to the input member to transfer the input torque to a downstream driveline component. The torque transfer mechanism also includes at least one clockspring to restrict relative rotation between the input member and the output member. The torque transfer further includes a mass plate coupled to the output member and configured to rotate about the axis of rotation. The torque transfer mechanism further includes a plurality of pendulum masses movably coupled to the mass plate wherein the clockspring is arranged to attenuate a first range of input torque vibration and a the plurality of pendulum masses are arranged to attenuate a second range of input torque vibration.

A composite coil spring includes a coil body that has a core and fiber layers impregnated with a polymer material. The fiber layers are wound around the core. The fiber layers extend around the coiled axis at oblique fiber angles. Each of the fiber layers includes a number of fibers that is a product of a common base number of fibers multiplied by a positive non-zero integer from a set of positive non-zero integers from 1 to 20. The positive non-zero integer of at least one of the fiber layers is different from the positive non-zero integer of at least one other of the fiber layers. At least one of the fibers layers is glass fibers and another of the fiber layers is carbon fibers, and each of an innermost fiber layer and an outmost fiber layer of the fiber layers is independently selected from glass fibers and carbon fibers.

The invention is an actuator device comprising a first and a second tappet, wherein the first tappet is movably arranged in a first guide sleeve and the second tappet is movably arranged in a second guide sleeve, wherein the first tappet in the first guide sleeve is surrounded by a first restoring spring and the second tappet in the second guide sleeve is surrounded by a second restoring spring, and wherein the guide sleeves are arranged at a fixed distance from each other, wherein the first restoring spring is a coil spring wound in the left-hand direction and the second restoring spring is a coil spring wound in the right-hand direction.