A method and apparatus for applying a cladding layer to a surface of a component uses a cladding tool having a maximum reach less than the size of the surface. Geometry of the surface is segmented into a plurality of tessellated segments, each of which has a peripheral extent determined by a maximum reach of the cladding tool. A nominal tool subpath for each tessellated segment is generated, and then combined to generate a nominal tool path for depositing the cladding layer on the surface. The surface is clad using the nominal toolpath, including a process of adjusting the nominal tool path to an adjusted tool path that accounts for dimensions of the bead to be deposited by the tool to match an edge of the bead to be deposited with an edge of a previously deposited bead.

A gas enclosure of can include a refractory metal liner adapted to surround and enclose a gas to be contained; a ceramic matrix composite cladding; and a diffusion barrier layer disposed between the refractory metal liner and the ceramic matrix composite cladding.

A hydrogen pressure vessel capable of preventing hydrogen-induced cracking of a cylinder is provided. In a hydrogen pressure vessel according to one embodiment, a gap part (G) in which an inner peripheral surface of a cylinder (10) is spaced apart from an outer peripheral surface of a lid (20) is provided between a female thread part (10a) of the cylinder (10) into which the lid (20) is screwed, and a resin seal member (30), and the cylinder (10) includes a first through hole (41) for discharging gas in the gap part (G) into a relief pipe (51) and a second through hole (42) for introducing gas containing oxygen into the gap part (G) formed therein.

A non-pyrophoric AB.sub.2-type Laves phase hydrogen storage alloy and hydrogen storage systems using the alloy. The alloy has an A-site to B-site elemental ratio of no more than about 0.5. The alloy has an alloy composition including about (in at %): Zr: 2.0-5.5, Ti: 27-31.3, V: 8.3-9.9, Cr: 20.6-30.5, Mn: 25.4-33.0, Fe: 1.0-5.9, Al: 0.1-0.4, and/or Ni: 0.0-4.0. The hydrogen storage system has one or more hydrogen storage alloy containment vessels with the alloy disposed therein.

A storage tank includes a frame, tank assembly, and scrubber system. The tank assembly including a vessel supported by the frame and having a first end, a second end, and a sidewall extending from the first end to the second end. The vessel further has a top, a bottom, at least one side, an internal surface, and an outlet fluidly coupled with the bottom. A scrubber tank is supported by the frame and fluidly connected to the top of the vessel to receive vapors from the vessel in a way that when a vapor absorption material is disposed in the scrubber tank, the vapors pass into the vapor absorption material.

A hydrogen storage system includes a hydrogen storage alloy containment vessel comprising an external pressure containment vessel and a thermally conductive compartmentalization network disposed within the pressure containment vessel. The compartmentalization network creates compartments within the pressure vessel within which a hydrogen storage alloy is disposed. The compartmentalization network includes a plurality of thermally conductive elongate tubes positioned within the pressure vessel forming a coherent, tightly packed tube bundle providing a thermally conductive network between the hydrogen storage alloy and the pressure vessel. The hydrogen storage alloy is a non-pyrophoric AB.sub.2-type Laves phase hydrogen storage alloy having: an A-site to B-site elemental ratio of not more than 0.5; and an alloy composition including (in at %): Zr: 2.0-5.5, Ti: 27-31.3, V: 8.3-9.9, Cr: 20.6-30.5, Mn: 25.4-33.0, Fe: 1.0-5.9, Al: 0.1-0.4, and/or Ni: 0.0-4.0.

A hydrogen storage system includes a hydrogen storage alloy containment vessel comprising an external pressure containment vessel and a thermally conductive compartmentalization network disposed within the pressure containment vessel. The compartmentalization network creates compartments within the pressure vessel within which a hydrogen storage alloy is disposed. One or both of the compartmentalization network and the pressure vessel may be formed by s 3D printing process, such as by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) and/or Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS). The hydrogen storage alloy is a non-pyrophoric AB2— type Laves phase hydrogen storage alloy having: an A-site to B-site elemental ratio of not more than 0.5; and an alloy composition including (in at %): Zr: 2.0-5.5, Ti: 27-31.3, V: 8.3-9.9, Cr: 20.6-30.5, Mn: 25.4-33.0, Fe: 1.0-5.9, Al: 0.1-0.4, and/or Ni: 0.0-4.0.

A gas enclosure can include a refractory metal liner; a ceramic matrix composite cladding; and a diffusion barrier layer. The refractory metal liner is adapted to surround and enclose a gas to be contained within the gas enclosure. The diffusion barrier layer is disposed between the refractory metal liner and the ceramic matrix composite cladding.

This high strength austenitic stainless steel having excellent resistance to hydrogen embrittlement includes, in terms of mass %, C: 0.2% or less, Si: 0.2% to 1.5%, Mn: 0.5% to 2.5%, P: 0.06% or less, S: 0.008% or less, Ni: 10.0% to 20.0%, Cr: 16.0% to 25.0%, Mo: 3.5% or less, Cu: 3.5% or less, N: 0.01% to 0.50%; and O: 0.015% or less, with the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, in which an average size of precipitates is 100 nm or less and an amount of the precipitates is 0.001% to 1.0% in terms of mass %.

A material at least partly coated with a passive film of fluoride formed by contact with a gas containing ClF.