Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to measure fallout from a liquid flare burner. An example apparatus includes a device configurator to invoke a first control valve to isolate the liquid flare burner from a test fluid source, and invoke a second control valve to fluidly couple the liquid flare burner to a hydrocarbon source to generate unburned fallout droplets to be captured by first and second measurement surfaces in first and second measurement regions, a parameter calculator to calculate first and second fallout volumes associated with the unburned fallout droplets captured by the first and second measurement surfaces, and determine a fallout efficiency of the liquid flare burner based on the first and second fallout volumes, and a burner configurator to, in response to the fallout efficiency not satisfying a fallout efficiency threshold, adjust a configuration of the liquid flare burner based on the fallout efficiency.

A process for cleaning process gas removes sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter (PM) to produce a tail gas substantially free of these pollutants. The process oxidizes and absorbs SOx and NOx for storage as liquid acids. In some embodiments a PM removal stage and/or a SOx removal stage are provided in a close-coupled higher-pressure environment upstream from a turbocharger turbine. The process has example application in cleaning exhaust gases from industrial processes and large diesel engines such as ship engines.

The description relates to a process for reducing acid plume from stacks from coal-fired combustors operating at varying loads, which have typically been treated by back-end calcium carbonate (limestone) which has not been able to effectively control visible acid plume as power is ramped up from low load. According to the process, as high sulfur and high iron coals are burned in a combustor, magnesium hydroxide slurry is introduced into hot combustion gases in or near the combustion zone. And, during ramp up to high load from a period of operation at low load, additional magnesium hydroxide is introduced into an intermediate-temperature zone.

Pressurized fluidized furnace equipment includes a fluidized bed furnace (1) that pressurizes combustion air (B) and combusts a material to be treated (A) while fluidizing the same; an air preheater (3) that exchanges heat between a combustion exhaust gas (C) discharged from the fluidized bed furnace (1) and the combustion air (B); a dust collector (4) that removes dust from the combustion exhaust gas (C); and first and second superchargers (5, 6) to which the combustion exhaust gas (C), having undergone the heat exchange in the air preheater (3) and the dust removal in the dust collector (4), is supplied to generate compressed air (D, E). The first compressed air (D) generated in the first supercharger (5) is supplied as the combustion air (B) to the fluidized bed furnace (1) by way of the air preheater (3), and the second compressed air (E) generated in the second supercharger (6) is made to have a higher pressure than that of the first compressed air (D). Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the equipment from having more superchargers than is necessary for normal use although a plurality of first and second superchargers are provided, and to efficiently use the surplus combustion exhaust gas.

The description relates to a process for reducing acid plume from stacks from coal-fired combustors operating at varying loads, which have typically been treated by back-end calcium carbonate (limestone) which has not been able to effectively control visible acid plume as power is ramped up from low load. According to the process, as high sulfur and high iron coals are burned in a combustor, magnesium hydroxide slurry is introduced into hot combustion gases in or near the combustion zone. And, during ramp up to high load from a period of operation at low load, additional magnesium hydroxide is introduced into an intermediate-temperature zone.

An exhaust plume control structure includes a mounting member configured to mount to an exhaust flow source. A diverter member is coupled to the mounting member to radially direct an initial exhaust flow exiting from the exhaust flow source radially outward. A plurality of peripherally spaced, radially extending vanes are coupled to the mounting member and radially outward of the diverter member to separate the radially outward directed initial exhaust flow into a plurality of additional exhaust flows. Each vane has a radially diverging cross-section. Each of the plurality of additional exhaust flows has a same radial exit velocity. The structure reduces exhaust flow velocity and may provide back pressure to the initial exhaust flow. The structure has a sound power level of less than 115 dBA. A power generating plant including the structure is also disclosed.