A new GNSS-based real-time high-precision wave measurement method, wherein the GNSS phase, pseudo-range, Doppler frequency shift observations and broadcast ephemerides are collected by a GNSS receiver, and antenna carried by a sea surface carrier; the three-dimensional speeds of a carrier are acquired using an epoch difference of phase observations; and wave element information are then solved. The wave element information can also be obtained by integrating the speeds for a certain duration and removing a linear trend term to obtain a time-dependent displacement variations. No additional precise differential correction is needed, thereby saving on service costs and communication costs of precise differential corrections. High-precision wave element information is obtained in real time, and locally stored in a buoy or periodically returned by communication, thereby expanding the working range of GNSS-based ocean wave measurement.

The present invention relates to a device, a system and a method for monitoring river flow velocity based on differential pressure measurement, comprising: a hull floating on a water surface with an aspect ratio of the hull being greater than one, characterized in that pressure sensors are respectively provided on an upstream face of a front end and a downstream face of a rear end below the floatation line of a ship; an electronic instrument is provided in the hull, and the electronic instrument comprises an acquisition module connected to the two pressure sensors, the acquisition module being connected to a data processing module with a memory, and the data processing module being connected to a satellite positioning module and a wireless communication module. According to the present invention, the flow velocity of water flow is measured based on the difference between the the simulated measured upstream face pressure at the bow and the simulated measured downstream face pressure at the stern by an unpowered measuring ship drifting on the water surface. The measured data is transmitted to the data processing center on the ground via the wireless communication network. The present invention enables the flow data to be measured in presence of poor satellite positioning signals and public network signals or no signals, achieving data transmission independent of satellite positioning and public communication networks.

The present invention relates to a device, a system and a method for monitoring river flow velocity based on differential pressure measurement, comprising: a hull floating on a water surface with an aspect ratio of the hull being greater than one, characterized in that pressure sensors are respectively provided on an upstream face of a front end and a downstream face of a rear end below the floatation line of a ship; an electronic instrument is provided in the hull, and the electronic instrument comprises an acquisition module connected to the two pressure sensors, the acquisition module being connected to a data processing module with a memory, and the data processing module being connected to a satellite positioning module and a wireless communication module. According to the present invention, the flow velocity of water flow is measured based on the difference between the simulated measured upstream face pressure at the bow and the simulated measured downstream face pressure at the stern by an unpowered measuring ship drifting on the water surface. The measured data is transmitted to the data processing center on the ground via the wireless communication network. The present invention enables the flow data to be measured in presence of poor satellite positioning signals and public network signals or no signals, achieving data transmission independent of satellite positioning and public communication networks.

A method for continuous measurement of river flow based on satellite big data is provided. The method includes: determining a river reach to conduct flow measurement, reconstructing a cross section of a river channel based on satellite big data, calculating real-time water levels by coupling data of various types of satellites, and performing flow calculation and compilation. The method solves the difficult problem of river flow measurement or continuous measurement of river flow in uninhabited areas, fills the blank of satellite-based flow measurement according to the principle of river dynamics, and greatly expands the range of river flow measurement.

A method for continuous measurement of river flow based on satellite big data is provided. The method includes: determining a river reach to conduct flow measurement, reconstructing a cross section of a river channel based on satellite big data, calculating real-time water levels by coupling data of various types of satellites, and performing flow calculation and compilation. The method solves the difficult problem of river flow measurement or continuous measurement of river flow in uninhabited areas, fills the blank of satellite-based flow measurement according to the principle of river dynamics, and greatly expands the range of river flow measurement.

The invention relates to a method for determining a water current velocity profile in a water column by registration of a deviation between a first position and a second position of an underwater vehicle travelling in the water column. A batch of underwater vehicles is deployed from a surface vessel into the water. The vehicle(s) steers to the first position, which for the first batch is a predefined estimated position (PEP). The vehicle is by first means recording the second position, which is the actual position (AP). The difference ΔP between the predefined estimated position PEP and the actual position is registered and based on the difference a deviation data set is calculated. An updated current profile or stack of horizontal water current velocities UV is determined.

The state prediction device smoothes a state vector including a flow rate and a water level of a tsunami at each of a plurality of points set two-dimensionally in a region including a coverage area, by using flow velocity observed values of a sea surface in a plurality of cells extending in a plurality of range directions and a plurality of beam directions in the coverage area of a radar.

A system for determining a measurement of a discharge of a streamflow in open channel conditions using a velocity-area technique featuring a signal processor configured to receive ADCP measurement signaling containing information about ADCP measurements taken in conjunction with the streamflow, GPS signaling containing information about GPS readings in conjunction with ADCP measurements, and signaling containing information about a projection or virtual tag line using two (2) Global Position System (GPS) locations having start and end latitudes and longitudes at a measurement site in a hydrographic operation for a measurement of a discharge in open channel conditions, and an instantaneous GPS position for a station; and determine control signaling containing information to take the ADCP measurements and the GPS readings in conjunction with the ADCP measurements, as well as corresponding signaling containing information about the measurement of the discharge of the streamflow, based upon a respective distance between each station in relation to the projection or virtual tag line, as well as ADCP signaling and the GPS signaling received, using Differential Global Position System (DGPS) or Real Time Kinematic GPS (RTK GPS).

The present invention discloses a new bionic lateral-line sensor. The new bionic lateral-line sensor includes a cilia cupule, a cilia base rod, IPMC film sheets, extraction electrodes, and a sensor housing. When external current acts on a free end of the cilia cupule, mechanical deformation is generated on the cilia cupule, and the mechanical deformation is transmitted to the cilia base rod, so as to cause deformation on the cilia base rod; the deformation on the cilia base rod leads to mechanical deformation on the IPMC film sheets, and the IPMC film sheets generate induced voltages by using an IPMC mechano-electric effect; and a flow rate of the external current is calculated according to the acquired induced voltages. The new bionic lateral-line sensor provided in the present invention is used for measurement of external current. The cilia cupule and the cilia base rod are integrated, and the IPMC film sheet is used to replace a strain gauge, and is installed on the cilia base rod directly, so as to implement an integrated design and feature simple structure and convenient installation. In addition, an induced voltage can be output accurately by using the new bionic lateral-line sensor, to obtain a flow rate.

A sea-floor tethered float instrument containing an accelerometer for measuring wave induced water velocity, ocean currents, relative swell kinetics and the like.