The present invention provides use of quinaldine red (QR) and/or a derivative thereof in preparation of a kit for detecting amyloid fibrils. The derivative includes 4-(4-dimethylaminostyryl)quinoline, and the present invention belongs to the technical field of amyloid fibril detection. Compared with traditional amyloid fibril detection probes, the QR and its derivative 4-(4-dimethylaminostyryl)quinoline have higher binding constants for binding with the amyloid fibrils; and good photobleaching performances; and in the present invention, after combined with the amyloid fibrils, both the QR and its derivative 4-(4-dimethylaminostyryl)quinoline have a fluorescence emission wavelength range that is close to a far-infrared band, and thus are more suitable for imaging a pathological tissue of a biological tissue.

The present invention provides a method, wherein the method classifies a subject as suffering from dry eye, the method consisting of: a. obtaining demographic data, consisting of the age and gender of the subject; b. obtaining a tear sample from the patient, and determining the level of human serum albumin; c. from the determined level of human serum albumin, assigning a score for the determined amount of human serum albumin; and d. from the assigned score, calculating a cutoff probability score, according to the following equation:

[00001]$\frac{\exp \left(-0.6491-1.1142*\mathrm{Albumin}\right)}{1+\exp \left(-0.6491-1.1142*\mathrm{Albumin}\right)}$

wherein the subject has dry eye, if the calculated cutoff probability score is from 50% to 60%.

The disclosed technology relates to chemical entities for the detection of wounds, e.g., chronic wounds or infected wounds, including compositions, substrates, kits, dressing materials, and articles, and systems containing such compounds. The disclosed technology further relates to methods of using these compositions, kits and systems in diagnostic assays, and in the diagnosis and/or detection of chronic or infected wounds based on enzymatic action on specific moieties and/or reaction sites. The disclosed technology additionally relates to detection of pathogenic, e.g., bacterial and/or viral substances, such as enzymes and substrates, at the wound situs. Additional disclosure relates to methods of characterizing wounds based on expression of a plurality of markers and using such information to treat, manage, and follow-up patients suffering from chronic or infected wounds.

The present invention provides a method, wherein the method classifies a subject as suffering from dry eye, the method consisting of: a. obtaining demographic data, consisting of the age and gender of the subject; b. obtaining a tear sample from the patient, and determining the level of human serum albumin; c. from the determined level of human serum albumin, assigning a score for the determined amount of human serum albumin; and d. from the assigned score, calculating a cutoff probability score, according to the following equation: wherein the subject has dry eye, if the calculated cutoff probability score is from 50% to 60%. $\frac{\exp \left(-0.6491-1.1142*\mathrm{Albumin}\right)}{1+\exp \left(-0.6491-1.1142*\mathrm{Albumin}\right)}$

In one embodiment, the present invention is a method for diagnosing Dry Eye Syndrome by quantifying an amount of at least two markers in a tear sample collected from a subject, wherein the at least two markers are selected from the group consisting of: Human Serum Albumin (HSA), mucin, lactoferrin, and lysozyme. In some embodiments, the method is a multi-assay test.

Provided herein are an ?2-3 disialylated PSA protein standard and an ?2-6 disialylated PSA protein standard, as well as various methods for measuring the relative (fractional) amount of the total N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) that is ?2-3-linked N-acetylneuraminic acid (?2-3-linked Neu5Ac) and is ?2-6-linked N-acetylneuraminic acid (?2-6-linked Neu5Ac) on PSA present in a blood serum or plasma sample, which is useful for determining whether a subject has a low risk (GG1), intermediate risk (GG2) or a high risk (GG3, 4 or 5) prostate cancer and/or determining and/or treating whether a human subject suspected of having prostate cancer should receive a needle biopsy. Also included are methods of monitoring and treating a prostate cancer patient post prostate cancer removal surgery for need of additional cancer treatment.

Disclosed is a method for acquiring information of a target polypeptide, comprising: acquiring a diffusion time of a fluorescently labeled target polypeptide and a diffusion time of each of a plurality of fluorescently labeled reference polypeptides by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy or fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy, and acquiring information on size of the fluorescently labeled target polypeptide from the diffusion time of the fluorescently labeled target polypeptide with reference to the diffusion times of the plurality of fluorescently labeled reference polypeptides, wherein information on size of each of the plurality of fluorescently labeled reference polypeptides is known, and the sizes of the plurality of reference polypeptides are different from each other.

The present invention relates to a biological method for the dosage of peptidoglycans in a sample, especially a sample of glucose polymers.

The present invention provides a method, wherein the method classifies a subject as suffering from dry eye, the method consisting of: a. obtaining demographic data, consisting of the age and gender of the subject; b. obtaining a tear sample from the patient, and determining the level of human serum albumin; c. from the determined level of human serum albumin, assigning a score for the determined amount of human serum albumin; and d. from the assigned score, calculating a cutoff probability score, according to the following equation: wherein the subject has dry eye, if the calculated cutoff probability score is from 50% to 60%.

[00001]$\frac{\exp \left(-0.6491-1.1142*\mathrm{Albumin}\right)}{1+\exp \left(-0.6491-1.1142*\mathrm{Albumin}\right)}$

A device for detecting target biomolecules is provided. The device consists of an electrically conductive membrane having a biological recognition component configured to bind a target biomolecule immobilized thereon. The membrane is connected to an electric circuit by means of electrodes. A voltage source applies a voltage to the membrane and a resistance monitoring device monitors the resistance of the membrane as a selected volume of fluid sample suspected of containing the target biomolecule is delivered onto the membrane.