The present inventive concept relates to a battery-free gas sensor or humidity sensor comprising a metal-organic framework and a method of manufacturing the same. In a photodiode-type battery-free gas sensor or humidity sensor according to the present inventive concept, since photoelectron collection electrodes are formed at certain intervals between P-N junction layers, when gas is adsorbed thereon, the gas can be detected without an extra power source by change of photocurrent. Due to fine pores of the metal-organic framework, gas sensitivity may be increased and stability of catalysts may be improved. When catalysts are not provided, humidity may be detected. Therefore, a system that used the photodiode-type battery-free gas sensor and the photodiode-type battery-free humidity sensor together may be performed humidity correction to accurately measure an amount of a gas.

The present disclosure provides for an electronic sensor for detecting a root of a plant in soil, the electronic sensor that includes a first conductor plate configured to be disposed in soil, a switch, a power supply, and a signal extractor. The switch is electrically coupled to the first conductor plate and is configured to switch between a first mode and a second mode. The power supply is electrically coupled to the switch and is configured to provide an electrical charge to the first conductor plate in the first mode of the switch. The signal extractor is electrically coupled to the switch and is configured to extract a signal response at the first conductor plate in the second mode of the switch. The present disclosure further provides a second conductor plate configured to be disposed in soil adjacent to and substantially parallel to the first conductor plate. The second conductor plate is electrically coupled to ground.

The present disclosure provides for an electronic sensor for detecting a root of a plant in soil, the electronic sensor that includes a first conductor plate configured to be disposed in soil, a switch, a power supply, and a signal extractor. The switch is electrically coupled to the first conductor plate and is configured to switch between a first mode and a second mode. The power supply is electrically coupled to the switch and is configured to provide an electrical charge to the first conductor plate in the first mode of the switch. The signal extractor is electrically coupled to the switch and is configured to extract a signal response at the first conductor plate in the second mode of the switch. The present disclosure further provides a second conductor plate configured to be disposed in soil adjacent to and substantially parallel to the first conductor plate. The second conductor plate is electrically coupled to ground.

A sensor performs measurement of a culture medium and is used in a state of being immersed in a medium placed in a well, the sensor comprising a main body having a first surface and a second surface that is on the opposite side from the first surface; an electrode unit that is provided on the first surface in the main body and to which a specific voltage is applied in the course of performing measurement in a state of being immersed in the medium; and a liquid holding portion that is provided around the electrode unit on the first surface, and that is disposed near the inner wall surface of the well and holds the medium up to above the electrode unit, in between the inner wall surfaces.

A sensor performs measurement of a culture medium and is used in a state of being immersed in a medium placed in a well, the sensor comprising a main body having a first surface and a second surface that is on the opposite side from the first surface; an electrode unit that is provided on the first surface in the main body and to which a specific voltage is applied in the course of performing measurement in a state of being immersed in the medium; and a liquid holding portion that is provided around the electrode unit on the first surface, and that is disposed near the inner wall surface of the well and holds the medium up to above the electrode unit, in between the inner wall surfaces.

According to improvement of the receptor layer of various sensors of the type for detecting physical parameters (for example, a surface stress sensor, QCM, and SPR), all of high sensitivity, selectivity, and durability are achieved simultaneously. A porous material or a particulate material, e.g., nanoparticles, is used in place of a uniform membrane which has been conventionally used as a receptor layer. Accordingly, the sensitivity can be controlled by changing the membrane thickness of the receptor layer, the selectivity can be controlled by changing a surface modifying group to be fixed on the porous material or particulate material, and the durability can be controlled by changing the composition and surface properties of the porous material or particulate material.

A wear sensor comprising: an insulating substrate having a top surface and a bottom surface; a conductive electrode formed on said top surface of said insulating substrate; an insulating wear lining material having a first side secured to said top surface of said insulating substrate and conductive electrode, an opposite second side that will be worn down by relative motion between the wear sensor and a moving component; one or more contact points where the electrical properties between the electrode and the moving component can be measured; and one or more perforations through the thickness of the substrate and electrode, through which an adhesive may flow, thereby increasing the peel strength between the wear sensor and race or between the wear sensor and the wear liner.

A wear sensor comprising: an insulating substrate having a top surface and a bottom surface; a conductive electrode formed on said top surface of said insulating substrate; an insulating wear lining material having a first side secured to said top surface of said insulating substrate and conductive electrode, an opposite second side that will be worn down by relative motion between the wear sensor and a moving component; one or more contact points where the electrical properties between the electrode and the moving component can be measured; and one or more perforations through the thickness of the substrate and electrode, through which an adhesive may flow, thereby increasing the peel strength between the wear sensor and race or between the wear sensor and the wear liner.

Systems, methods and devices are provided for the non-invasive behavioural monitoring of rodents within a rodent cage via the detection of interactions with a cage lid. A cage lid interaction sensor, positioned in close proximity to the cage lid, is employed to sense interactions with the cage lid. The resulting signals may be processed to determine a health status of the rodent. In some example embodiments, a lid sensing module is provided in that is configured for attachment to an existing rodent cage, permitting the insertion of the rodent cage into a cage rack after installation of the sensing module. In other example embodiments, a replacement cage lid is provided having an integrated lid interaction sensor and associated detection circuitry. Various example lid sensing modalities and associated sensor configurations are disclosed.

Systems, methods and devices are provided for the non-invasive behavioural monitoring of rodents within a rodent cage via the detection of interactions with a cage lid. A cage lid interaction sensor, positioned in close proximity to the cage lid, is employed to sense interactions with the cage lid. The resulting signals may be processed to determine a health status of the rodent. In some example embodiments, a lid sensing module is provided in that is configured for attachment to an existing rodent cage, permitting the insertion of the rodent cage into a cage rack after installation of the sensing module. In other example embodiments, a replacement cage lid is provided having an integrated lid interaction sensor and associated detection circuitry. Various example lid sensing modalities and associated sensor configurations are disclosed.