A pedal with anti-collision detection is installed on the rear of a vehicle. The pedal includes a pedal body and a radar device, with an insertion portion extending from the rear lateral side of the pedal body. Arc ribs are arranged from a rear lateral side of the pedal body toward a front lateral side of the pedal body at intervals, and straight ribs extend from the rear lateral side toward the front lateral side in a radial arrangement. The arc ribs and the straight ribs are interlaced, forming reinforcement spaces therebetween. An installation space is formed on an inner side of the front lateral side toward the rear lateral side for receiving the radar device. Each reinforcement space contains a reinforcement structure, thereby strengthening the structural strength of the pedal for protecting the radar device.

A pedal with anti-collision detection is installed on the rear of a vehicle. The pedal includes a pedal body and a radar device, with an insertion portion extending from the rear lateral side of the pedal body. Arc ribs are arranged from a rear lateral side of the pedal body toward a front lateral side of the pedal body at intervals, and straight ribs extend from the rear lateral side toward the front lateral side in a radial arrangement. The arc ribs and the straight ribs are interlaced, forming reinforcement spaces therebetween. An installation space is formed on an inner side of the front lateral side toward the rear lateral side for receiving the radar device. Each reinforcement space contains a reinforcement structure, thereby strengthening the structural strength of the pedal for protecting the radar device.

A method for detecting an activity of an object disposed within a medium at a depth ranging from about 0 to about 100 cm using a radar system, the method including establishing a baseline radar power level of the object in the medium; and detecting one or more radar data anomalies in radar data received of the medium with respect to the baseline radar power level, wherein a presence of the one or more anomalies indicates a presence of the activity of the object.

A method for detecting an activity of an object disposed within a medium at a depth ranging from about 0 to about 100 cm using a radar system, the method including establishing a baseline radar power level of the object in the medium; and detecting one or more radar data anomalies in radar data received of the medium with respect to the baseline radar power level, wherein a presence of the one or more anomalies indicates a presence of the activity of the object.

An object detection system and an object detection method are provided. The object detection system includes a transmitter, a receiver, and a processing circuit. The processing circuit is configured to: control the transmitter to transmit by a predetermined field pattern multiple detection signals in different time frames along a main beam direction; control the receiver to receive multiple reflection signals; correspondingly calculate multiple received powers, distances and velocities; perform a clustering process on the distances and the velocities to find the received powers, the distances and the velocities corresponding to a main target; perform an association process to track the distances and the received powers of the main target in the different time frames; and calculate a power and a distance trend of the main target, and determine whether an early alarm event is to occur according to a relationship between the power and the distance trend.

The vehicle odometry and motion direction system and method is described. The vehicle odometry and motion direction system and method determines if the first ground speed data is acceptable. Ground speed data is calculated for all targets within a radar's field of view and targets ground speed data is processed to determine second ground speed data. The vehicle odometry and motion direction system and method determines trusted ground speed data using first ground speed data and second ground speed data and adjusts the trusted ground speed data due to errors in radar Doppler speed data.

The vehicle odometry and motion direction system and method is described. The vehicle odometry and motion direction system and method determines if the first ground speed data is acceptable. Ground speed data is calculated for all targets within a radar's field of view and targets ground speed data is processed to determine second ground speed data. The vehicle odometry and motion direction system and method determines trusted ground speed data using first ground speed data and second ground speed data and adjusts the trusted ground speed data due to errors in radar Doppler speed data.

A method for obtaining flight path information comprises: receiving, at a network entity, a capability report indicating a capability of a UE to report a flight path of the UE; and transmitting, from the network entity, a flight path report message that requests the UE to provide: partial-path reporting by reporting first flight path information indicative of a portion of the flight path of the UE that is less than all of the flight path; or triggered reporting by reporting second flight path information in response to occurrence of a trigger event, the second flight path information indicative of at least some of the flight path of the UE; or differential reporting by reporting third flight path information indicative of a difference between a present flight path of the UE and a previous flight path of the UE; or any combination thereof.

A method for obtaining flight path information comprises: receiving, at a network entity, a capability report indicating a capability of a UE to report a flight path of the UE; and transmitting, from the network entity, a flight path report message that requests the UE to provide: partial-path reporting by reporting first flight path information indicative of a portion of the flight path of the UE that is less than all of the flight path; or triggered reporting by reporting second flight path information in response to occurrence of a trigger event, the second flight path information indicative of at least some of the flight path of the UE; or differential reporting by reporting third flight path information indicative of a difference between a present flight path of the UE and a previous flight path of the UE; or any combination thereof.

A tracking system for tracking an expanded state of an object is provided. The tracking system comprises at least one processor and a memory having instructions stored thereon that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the tracking system to execute a probabilistic filter that iteratively tracks a belief on the expanded state of the object, wherein the belief is predicted using a motion model of the object and is further updated using a compound measurement model of the object. The compound measurement model includes multiple probabilistic distributions constrained to lie on a contour of the object with a predetermined relative geometrical mapping to the center of the object. Further, the tracking system tracks the expanded state of the object based on the updated belief on the expanded state.