One embodiment provides a method, including: receiving a photon interaction occurring within a photon detector pixel array, wherein the photon detector pixel array comprises a plurality of pixels; determining a photoelectron cloud generated from the photon interaction, wherein the photon detector pixel array comprises an electric field, wherein an electrostatic repulsive force disperses a photon to the photoelectron cloud; identifying a subset of the plurality of pixels associated with the photon interaction, wherein each of the subset of the plurality of pixels corresponds to pixels activated by the photo electron cloud, wherein the subset of the plurality of pixels comprise a central pixel and a plurality of neighboring pixels, wherein the central pixel comprises the pixel having the highest amplitude response to the photon interaction; and determining, from the photoelectron cloud, a characteristic of the photon interaction, wherein the characteristic comprises at least one of: time, position, and energy of the interaction. Other aspects are described and claimed.

Focusing on a gamma ray detection phenomenon (event) in which a gamma ray from a gamma ray source is Compton scattered at a first-stage detector, the gamma ray is photoelectrically absorbed at a second-stage detector, the spatial distribution of the gamma ray source is imaged within a predetermined image space on the basis of measurement data for the interaction of the detectors and gamma rays. At this time, a probability parameter (v.sub.ij) indicating the probability that Compton-scattered gamma ray arrived from within the image space and a detection sensitivity parameter (s.sub.ij) indicating gamma ray detection sensitivity are set for each event and each pixel on the basis of the measurement data for each event, and these parameters are used to determine the pixel values (λ.sub.j) for each pixel.

Disclosed herein is an image sensor with two radiation detectors, each having a planar surface for receiving radiation; and a calibration pattern. The planar surfaces of the radiation detectors are not coplanar. The image sensor can capture images of two portions of the calibration pattern, respectively using the radiation detectors. The image sensor can determine two transformations for the radiation detectors based on the images of the portions of the calibration pattern, respectively. The image sensor can capture images of two portions of a scene, respectively using the radiation detectors, determine projections of the images of the portions of the scene onto an image plane using the transformations, respectively, and form an image of the scene by stitching the projections.

Systems and methods for determining beam asymmetry in a radiation treatment system using electronic portal imaging devices (EPIDs) without implementation of elaborate and complex EPID calibration procedures. The beam asymmetry is determined based on radiation scattered from different points in the radiation beam and measured with the same region of interest ROI of the EPID.

A method for detecting the position of the mass center of a passing-through beam of electric charges in a duct, having a passage section with a plurality of detection faces directed thereto is presented. The method includes: arranging couples of detecting elements, so that each couple detects a space area divided into two half-areas by an intermediate plane between the detecting elements of the respective couple; obtaining, from each detecting element, a signal thereby produced representing the distance thereof from the mass center to be detected; comparing the signals produced by each detecting element, by obtaining a digital signal showing the greater proximity of the mass center to one of the detecting element of the couple; and composing the digital signals produced by the couples of detecting elements, by identifying the cross-section of the beam of electric charges to which the mass center of the beam electric charges belongs.

A device includes sample tray units, a sample tray transporting unit, a sample tray handling unit, and a sample tray radiation stage unit. The sample tray units are configured to load samples. The sample tray transporting unit is configured to carry a sample tray unit to a radiation room. The sample tray handling unit is between the sample tray transporting unit and the sample tray radiation stage unit, and is configured to transfer the sample tray unit on the sample tray transporting unit to the sample tray radiation stage unit or return the sample tray unit on the sample tray radiation stage unit to the sample tray transporting unit. The sample tray radiation stage unit is configured to carry the sample tray unit and move the samples to be irradiated in the sample tray unit to a particle beam radiation area to receive radiation.

Methods and apparatus for determining an intensity profile of a radiation beam. The method comprises providing a diffraction structure, causing a relative movement of the diffraction structure relative to the radiation beam from a first position, wherein the radiation beam does not irradiate the diffraction structure to a second position, wherein the radiation beam irradiates the diffraction structure, measuring, with a radiation detector, diffracted radiation signals produced from a diffraction of the radiation beam by the diffraction structure as the diffraction structure transitions from the first position to the second position or vice versa, and determining an intensity profile of the radiation beam based on the measured diffracted radiation signals.

The present disclosure provides a spiral Computed Tomography (CT) device and a three-dimensional image reconstruction method. The spiral CT device includes: an inspection station operable to carry an object to be inspected and defining an inspection space; a rotational supporting apparatus disposed around the inspection space; a plurality of X-ray sources located on the rotational supporting apparatus; and a plurality of X-ray receiving apparatuses located on the rotational supporting apparatus and opposing to the plurality of X-ray sources respectively, wherein the plurality of X-ray sources and the plurality of X-ray receiving apparatuses are rotational synchronously with the rotational supporting apparatus, wherein the plurality of X-ray sources are closely disposed and fan-shaped X-ray beams provided by the plurality of X-ray sources cover the inspection space with a minimum degree of overlapping.

Disclosed is an apparatus for measuring the distribution of radiation dose emitted from a brachytherapy insertion tool, the apparatus including a housing having defined therein a measurement space in which the brachytherapy insertion tool is located, a fluorescent member disposed at the housing, the fluorescent member being configured to react with radiation emitted to the measurement space and to emit light, a camera disposed in the housing, and a cover coupled to one surface of the housing, the cover being configured to cover the fluorescent member. The portion of the fluorescent member to which radiation from a radiation source of the brachytherapy insertion tool is applied reacts with the radiation and generates light, brightness of the light varies depending on distribution of the radiation, and the position at which the light is bright is calculated to measure the direction in which the brachytherapy insertion tool has no shielding.

Measuring and tracking energy emitted by a radiation source. A system includes an image sensor for sensing electromagnetic radiation and a scintillator. The scintillator absorbs energy emitted by a radiation source and scintillates the absorbed energy. The system is such that the image sensor senses an image frame depicting at least a portion of the scintillator when the radiation source emits the energy. The image frame comprises an indication of where the energy is absorbed by the scintillator.