A intelligent long-distance infrared fill-light set for illuminating a predetermined target range at least 500 meters away cooperates with an infrared image-acquisition equipment to obtain an image of an illuminated-object, and includes: infrared fill-lights each including an optical lens, optical axis passing through a focus, infrared light sources emitting an infrared beam having a main beam angle, to generate a substantial overlapping area and at least one non-overlapping area when illuminating to the predetermined target range; enabling devices that enable light sources; and a control unit receiving image data acquired by the infrared image-acquisition equipment, for calculating and adjusting the enabling device to locally strengthen or weaken the substantial overlapping area and/or non-overlapping area. Infrared fill-lights are spaced a predetermined distance, so that the human eyes accidentally entering a predetermined dangerous illumination range will not be simultaneously illuminated by infrared beams, thereby avoiding exceeding a Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE).

A method of operating an apparatus for laser annealing, includes reducing temporal or spatial coherency of a plurality of laser beams by beam superimposing; and reducing an electric field inner product magnitude of beams having the reduced temporal or spatial coherency by a fly eye lens array to reduce coherency, and/or by modifying a polarization state between the beams by beam superimposing.

A method and an apparatus for collecting powder samples in real-time in powder bed fusion additive manufacturing may involves an ingester system for in-process collection and characterizations of powder samples. The collection may be performed periodically and uses the results of characterizations for adjustments in the powder bed fusion process. The ingester system of the present disclosure is capable of packaging powder samples collected in real-time into storage containers serving a multitude purposes of audit, process adjustments or actions.

A light source unit includes: a sealed semiconductor laser package including a laser diode that includes an emitter region from which laser light is emitted, the emitter region located at a surface of the laser diode, and a window member configured to transmit the laser light; a first lens structure configured to receive the laser light transmitted through the window member and create an image of the emitter region on an image plane; and a second lens structure configured to convert the laser light having passed through the image plane into a collimated or converged beam, and to emit the collimated or converged beam.

[Solving Means] A projector according to the present technology includes a lightbulb, a projection section, and a replacement mechanism. The lightbulb modulates light. The projection section projects light modulated by the lightbulb. The replacement mechanism holds a transmissive member arranged on an optical path between the lightbulb and the projection section and is capable of replacing the transmissive member.

Provided is a line beam forming device that can divide a laser beam into beam segments in a first direction (y-axis) perpendicular to the traveling direction (z-axis) of the laser beam, and arrange and emit the beam segments with regular intervals in a second direction (x-axis) perpendicular to the traveling direction of the laser beam, using a single mirror set composed of a plurality of mirrors. The line beam forming device of the present invention can be used for an excimer laser which is a multimode laser beam generator with high beam divergence, a high-power DPSS laser, or a laser diode, can obtain high-density energy by condensing beams, can obtain a beam profile having uniform intensity in both of a long axis and a short axis, and can combine a plurality of laser beams without being influenced by the properties of an incident beam.

A light outputting apparatus includes a light source that outputs a first light flux, a collimator that parallelizes the first light flux, a light separator that separates the first light flux into a first partial light flux and a second partial light flux, a first light flux width expander, and a second light flux width expander. The light separator causes the first partial light flux to exit in a first direction and the second partial light flux to exit in a second direction. When a first plane is assumed to be a plane containing the first direction and the second direction, the first light flux width expander expands a width of the first partial light flux in a direction along the first plane, and the second light flux width expander expands a width of the second partial light flux in a direction along the first plane.

Matter and energy are delivered by superimposing multiple quantum wave states such that composite wave amplitudes are maximized at delivery target points and/or minimized at designated intermediate points. One or more target locations are identified for delivery of matter or energy waves, analyzing the medium along the transit path from the emitters, calculating interaction probabilities at each point along the medium, creating a scoring system for optimizing and limiting thresholds of interaction in designated regions; and calculating a combination of wave frequencies, emitter locations and vectors such that quantum interference between the beams optimizes the scoring outcome. The scoring system may be used to reward amplitudes within a specified range over a specified volume of space and penalized if the amplitude falls outside the range. The combined beam may be used for various purposes, including without limitation biological or military target compromise or elimination, electrical energy delivery, etc.

A light source lighting device includes: a laser light source unit; a converging lens that converges a plurality of light beams emitted from the laser light source unit; a diffuser plate that diffuses a plurality of light beams converged by the converging lens; and a second collimating lens that collimates a light beam diffused by the diffuser plate. The converging lens has an aspherical surface, the second collimating lens has a spherical surface, the aspherical surface of the converging lens has an aspherical surface coefficient that is set to cancel a positive spherical aberration of the second collimating lens. A luminous flux density in a proximity of an optical axis is lower than a luminous flux density in a peripheral part away from the optical axis, the optical axis being an axis of a light beam emitted from the second collimating lens.

An optical system includes a first optical system, a second optical system, and a third optical system. The first optical system divides an input beam into a first light and a second light. The second optical system includes a concave reflective surface which reflects the first light. The third optical system directs at least one of the first light reflected from the second optical system and the second light from the first optical system to an output optical path of the third optical system.