A light emission structure (1) includes a light guiding space defining portion (10) configured to define a light guiding space having a light reception opening and a light emission opening, the light guiding space being configured to receive light emitted by a light source (110) provided on a circuit substrate (100) through the reception opening and guide the introduced light to radiate through the emission opening; and a holding portion (20) configured to have holding arms (22) for holding the circuit substrate (100). At least a part of the light guiding space defining portion (10) abutting the circuit substrate (100) and a part of the holding portion (20) abutting the circuit substrate (100) are made of a soft material.

A display apparatus includes a lightguide for conveying images to a viewing area in a target field-of-view (FOV), and an eye detector for detecting a position of an eye in the viewing area. The lightguide includes a tunable segmented output diffraction grating, each segment for diffracting a portion of the image light to a corresponding segment of the viewing area. A controller is configured to switch to a non-diffracting state those of the segments that are located outside of the target FOV when viewed from the detected eye position.

An illuminating unit includes: a plurality of light sources; a light-guide plate including an end surface disposed to face the plurality of light sources, a first surface that outputs light which is based on incident light from the end surface, and a second surface that faces the first surface and includes a plurality of convex parts; and an optical sheet adhered to side of the second surface of the light-guide plate, with the plurality of convex parts being interposed therebetween. The plurality of convex parts include a plurality of first convex parts disposed in a first region inside the second surface, and one or plurality of second convex parts disposed in at least a portion of a second region on a periphery of the first region inside the second surface.

Systems, devices, and methods for eyebox expansion in wearable heads-up displays (“WHUDs”) are described. The WHUDs described herein each include a projector and an optical waveguide positioned in an optical path between the projector and an eye of the user. For any given light signal from the projector, the optical waveguide receives the light signal at an input coupler and outputs multiple instances or copies of the light signal from multiple discrete, spatially-separated output couplers. The multiple instances or copies of the light signal may be converged by the optical waveguide directly to respective exit pupils at the user's eye or may be routed by the optical waveguide to a holographic combiner in the user's field of view from which the light signals may be converged to respective exit pupils at the user's eye. The optical waveguide employs exit pupil replication to expand the eyebox of the WHUD.

A semiconductor device is provided. The semiconductor device includes a silicon nitride waveguide in a first dielectric layer over a substrate. The semiconductor device includes a semiconductor waveguide in a second dielectric layer over the first dielectric layer. The first dielectric layer including the silicon nitride waveguide is between the second dielectric layer including the semiconductor waveguide and the substrate.

A touch-sensitive aparatus operates by light frustration (FTIR) and comprises a light transmissive panel (1) with a front surface (5) and a rear surface (6). Light emitters (2) are optically coupled to the panel (1) at entry ports along a periphery region of the panel (1), and light detectors (3) are optically coupled to the panel (1) at exit ports along the periphery region for detecting light transmitted inside the panel (1). At least one optical sheet (20) is provided on the rear surface (6) in the periphery region. In an outcoupling installation, the light detectors (3) are arranged at the respective optical sheet (20) to receive, on a respective light-sensitive surface (3A); light from the optical sheet (20), and each light detector (3) is arranged with the light-sensitive surface (3A) essentially perpendicular to the rear surface (6). In an incoupling installation, each light emitter (2) is arranged at the respective optical sheet (20) to emit diverging light with a main direction that is essentially parallel to the rear surface (6) such that a portion of the diverging light impinges on the optical sheet (20) so as to define a respective entry port.

A plane illumination apparatus has an optical device, an irradiation unit, and a light guide plate. The irradiation unit makes the coherent light beams scan the surface of the optical device, the light guide plate comprises a light take-out portion to take out coherent light beams to outside while making coherent light beams propagate between a first end face on which coherent light beams from the optical device are incident and a second end face provided to face the first end face, the specific zone is provided inside the light take-out portion or along the first end face, or along the second end face, the light take-out surface is a third end face that is connected to the first and second end faces, and the irradiation unit is provided at a rear side of a fourth end face that is an opposite side to the light take-out surface.

An illuminating unit includes: a plurality of light sources; a light-guide plate including an end surface disposed to face the plurality of light sources, a first surface that outputs light which is based on incident light from the end surface, and a second surface that faces the first surface and includes a plurality of convex parts; and an optical sheet adhered to side of the second surface of the light-guide plate, with the plurality of convex parts being interposed therebetween. The plurality of convex parts include a plurality of first convex parts disposed in a first region inside the second surface, and one or plurality of second convex parts disposed in at least a portion of a second region on a periphery of the first region inside the second surface.

Disclosed in various embodiments of the present document are: a structure including a nonmetallic material and guiding, in one direction, light incident on one side; and an electronic device including the structure in an inner space thereof. According to the various embodiments, provided is an electronic device comprising: a housing having an inner space, and including an outer surface facing a first direction, an inner space facing the direction opposite to the first direction, and a display unit which is formed between the outer surface and the inner space and which has a thickness through which light passes through; a printed circuit board arranged in the inner space; at least one light-emitting element arranged in the inner space; and a nonmetallic structure arranged in the inner space, wherein the nonmetallic structure includes: a first part having a light guide between the light-emitting element and the display unit and including a transparent or translucent first material; a second part which is integrally formed with the first part, includes the first material, and is directly or indirectly fixed to the printed circuit board or the housing; and a third part encompassing at least a portion of the light guide and including a translucent second material. The nonmetallic light guide structure and the electronic device including same can be varied according to embodiments.

A backlight includes a first lightguide having a first portion and a second portion, wherein the second portion is dimensioned smaller that the first portion so as to form a rim along at least a part of the first light guide. At least one light source is positioned under the rim and separated from the first lightguide by a space, where a majority of the light emitted by the at least one light source being along a first axis of the at least one light source. The at least one light source is arranged to position the at least one axis at an angle away from a center of the lightguide in a plane parallel to the rim.