An optical device (100) includes laser light sources (111 to 113), polarization films (121 to 123), and a stacked wave plate (130). The laser light sources (111 to 113) respectively output light of a different wavelength. The stacked wave plate (130) includes multiple wave plates (131 to 133) and induces a phase difference on polarization components of transmitted light. The polarization films (121 to 123) adjust the polarization direction of the light such that an angle between polarization directions of the light emitted by the laser light sources (111 to 113) and input to the stacked wave plate (130) becomes an angle that corrects an orientation angle difference that occurs at the stacked wave plate (130), consequent to differences in the wavelength of the light.

A display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a first liquid crystal display medium, and a first electric field applying component. The first electric field applying component is configured to apply a first electric field to a first portion of the first liquid crystal display medium and apply a second electric field to a second portion of the first liquid crystal display medium. The intensity of the first electrical field is operatively different from that of the second electrical field.

An apparatus includes a dispersive-collimating element, a Faraday material apparatus and a focusing-dispersive element. The dispersive-collimating element assigns each beam wavelength to a particular spatial position. The beams are parallel one to the other. The Faraday material apparatus provides a polarization rotation independently for each wavelength, and the focusing-dispersive element recombines the different wavelengths into one single beam.

A projector includes a beam homogenizer receiving light from a light source and creating a predetermined illumination, and a spatial light modulator including grating stages to receive the predetermined illumination. Each grating stage may include a plurality of pixels where corresponding pixels in the grating stages are aligned with one another. Each of the pixels may include a liquid crystal layer disposed between two substrates, where a pixel is switchable by applying a voltage thereto, with a grating period of the pixel selected such that, when the voltage is applied to the pixel and light is passed therethrough, optical energy from the light in plus and minus first orders is deflected toward sides of the pixel and optical energy from a zero order of the light is allowed to pass through the pixel, with a polarization state of the light maintained through the pixel.

A system includes a spatial light modulator comprising a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate. The spatial light modulator is characterized by a first retardation and a first phase retardation and has a first slow axis for light propagation. A voltage source is configured to apply a drive voltage to the spatial light modulator and the first retardation of the spatial light modulator is a function of the drive voltage. A retarder is positioned external to the spatial light modulator and is characterized by a second retardation and a second phase retardation. The retarder includes a second slow axis for light propagation. The second retardation has a value such that all illumination wavelengths in a set of illumination wavelengths are above or below a phase retardation value of 0.25. The set of illumination wavelengths includes at least one illumination wavelength in each of at least three different color spectrums.

Embodiments of synthetic garnet materials having advantageous properties, especially for below resonance frequency applications, are disclosed herein. In particular, embodiments of the synthetic garnet materials can have high Curie temperatures and dielectric constants while maintaining low magnetization. These materials can be incorporated into isolators and circulators, such as for use in telecommunication base stations.

Tunable optical structures operating based on slot resonances can be produced with periodic structures where each period includes at least two parallel nanobars with a slot therebetween. The slots include periodic notches served to generate resonances, the wavelength and the quality-factor of which can be controlled by applying bias voltages to nanobars thus generating mechanical movement of such nanobars. Phase modulators with close to unity reflection and beam steering devices can also be made based on these concepts.

Embodiments of synthetic garnet materials having advantageous properties, especially for below resonance frequency applications, are disclosed herein. In particular, embodiments of the synthetic garnet materials can have high Curie temperatures and dielectric constants while maintaining low magnetization. These materials can be incorporated into isolators and circulators, such as for use in telecommunication base stations.

An optical device is provided. The optical device includes a first liquid crystal (“LC”) cell and a second LC cell stacked with the first LC cell. The first and second LC cells are configured to provide a phase retardation to a light transmitted therethrough. The optical device also includes at least one first compensation film disposed between the first LC cell and the second LC cell. The optical device also includes a second compensation film disposed at a first side of the first LC cell opposite to a second side of the first LC cell where the at least one first compensation film is disposed. The optical device also includes a third compensation film disposed at a first side of the second LC cell opposite to a second side of the second LC cell where the at least one first compensation film is disposed.

A liquid crystal display device having an outer shape of a display region formed other than a rectangle. A driver for supplying a video signal is disposed outside the display region. A selector with selector TFT is disposed between the display region and the driver. A video signal line is disposed between the driver and the selector, and a drain line is disposed between the selector and the display region. A scanning circuit for supplying a scanning signal to the scanning line is disposed outside the display region. The selector is disposed between the scanning line and the display region, and covered with ITO as the common electrode. The common bus wiring is disposed outside the selector.