Some appliances, normally supplied by a mains supply, also comprise an emergency supply by batteries able to take over from the mains supply. The batteries used by the emergency supply are generally protected by a fuse. These appliances are liable to consume greater than what could be supplied by the batteries of the emergency supply. When there is a break in the mains electrical supply, it is then preferable to limit the current consumed by the appliance in order not to damage the fuse protecting said batteries. However, the fuses are hardware modules having a reaction time of a few hundreds of milliseconds. If it is wished not to damage the fuse, it is therefore essential to reduce the current consumption of the appliance within a time less than the reaction time of the fuse. The invention relates to a system and method for instantaneously reducing the electrical consumption of an appliance in the event of a break in the mains supply.

The present application relates to a protection and control system for an intelligent substation based on an industrial Internet architecture. The intelligent substation changes a decentralized modeling manner of firstly adding physical apparatuses and then adding functions of the apparatuses in a traditional substation, but adopts a centralized modeling manner of adding all of protection, measurement and control, exchange and telecontrol functions in substation configuration descriptions by taking the whole substation as a modeling object. The intelligent substation changes an operating mode of accessing merging unit and intelligent terminal integrated devices to different physical apparatuses to realize measurement and control and various protections respectively in the traditional substation, while the intelligent power server collects process level data in real time through an embedded high-bandwidth switched communication network and performs real-time data processing on the collected process level data, thereby realizing all the protection and measurement and control over primary devices.

In some embodiments, a controller of an intelligent switch in a three-phase power distribution network is configured to serve as a sectionalizer. The controller preferably includes voltage restraint logic and count restraint logic to prevent opening of the switch in response to a detected fault unless the voltage and current drop below minimum threshold values. The controller preferably additionally includes inrush restraint logic that prevents detection of a fault in response to an inrush current spike that may occur, for example, on startup of an AC motor or when energizing a transformer. The controller preferably further includes close-on-fault detection logic that bypasses counting of fault/line clear events by the controller if the switch is closed on a fault.

Some appliances, normally supplied by a mains supply, comprise an emergency supply by batteries able to take over from the mains supply. The batteries used by the emergency supply are generally protected by a fuse. These appliances may consume energy greater than what could be supplied by the batteries of the emergency supply. When there is a break in the mains electrical supply, it's preferable to limit the current consumed by the appliance to not damage the fuse protecting said batteries. However, the fuses are hardware modules having a reaction time of a few hundreds of milliseconds. If one does not want to damage the fuse, one could reduce the current consumption of the appliance within a time less than the reaction time of the fuse. A system and method herein instantaneously reduces the electrical consumption of an appliance in the event of a break in the mains supply.

Disclosed are a dynamic lightning protection method and system. The method includes detecting lightning in real time and tracking a position of a thunderstorm; and performing dynamic lightning protection and control on an electrical grid according to an electrical grid control strategy before the thunderstorm reaches or affects the electrical grid. Further disclosed is a dynamic lightning protection system.

The present invention discloses a data transmission apparatus of a circuit breaker controller. The data transmission apparatus comprises: a first component having a first power supply and a second component having a second power supply. The first component and the second component share a storage device. The second component is connected to a main circuit of the circuit breaker controller. The second component collects parameters of the main circuit and stores the parameters in the storage device. The second power supply powers the second component and is powered by the main circuit. The first component is connected to a communication device. The first component establishes data transmission between the communication device and the storage device. The first power supply powers the first component and is powered by an external power supply. The second power supply is connected to the first power supply and transmits a control signal to the first power supply.

An electronic device that has control electronics that have at least one program memory with a computer program stored therein and a processor for executing the computer program. The computer program has software control functions for controlling functions of the electronic device. The electronic device has at least one communication unit coupled to the control electronics, by means of which the electronic device is equipped for data communication with an external computer device. The communication unit is designed as a replaceable communication module. The communication module has a gateway functionality via which a bidirectional conversion takes place between an external communication protocol and/or physical layer used by the external computer device and an internal communication protocol and/or physical layer used between the communication module and the processor. The communication module supports either exactly one external communication protocol or multiple external communication protocols.

An input circuit for reading in an analog input signal of a sensor comprises: first and second input ports connectable to the sensor; a first current-measuring signal converter connected to the first input port and comprising a current-measuring apparatus to determine a first output signal from the analog input signal; a current-limiting apparatus inside the first current-measuring signal converter for limiting a maximum current flowing through the first current-measuring signal converter; and a second current-measuring signal converter connected to the second input port and comprising a current-measuring apparatus to determine a second output signal from the analog input signal, wherein the first and second current-measuring signal converters are connected in series; and a testing apparatus for comparing the first and second output signals to detect faults of the first and second current-measuring signal converters in response to deviations between the first and second output signals exceeding a limit value.

The present application relates to a protection and control system for an intelligent substation based on an industrial Internet architecture. The intelligent substation changes a decentralized modeling manner of firstly adding physical apparatuses and then adding functions of the apparatuses in a traditional substation, but adopts a centralized modeling manner of adding all of protection, measurement and control, exchange and telecontrol functions in substation configuration descriptions by taking the whole substation as a modeling object. The intelligent substation changes an operating mode of accessing merging unit and intelligent terminal integrated devices to different physical apparatuses to realize measurement and control and various protections respectively in the traditional substation, while the intelligent power server collects process level data in real time through an embedded high-bandwidth switched communication network and performs real-time data processing on the collected process level data, thereby realizing all the protection and measurement and control over primary devices.

A method is for status monitoring at least one of two or more current-carrying electrical components, suppliable with electrical energy from an electrical energy source via a common current feed line and from the common current feed line in each case via a separate current supply line, individually openable or closable. In an embodiment, the method includes detecting measured values of an electrical variable in the common current feed line before and after opening or closing one or a plurality of the current supply lines; calculating a difference between a measured value detected before opening or closing and a measured value detected after opening or closing; and determining a status change of at least one of the two or more components based upon a time series of the difference.