Sustainable building lighting and energy modelling and control, and the associated computer graphics, including real-time dynamic lighting simulation, are concerned with: an optimized method for radiance modelling, including its application to predictive daylight harvesting; and the real-time simulation of physically-based electric lighting and daylighting for architectural, horticultural, and theatrical lighting systems visualization. In order to display and analyze in real time a photometrically accurate representation of an environment, thousands of lighting channels may have their intensity settings continually varied such that a user may interactively view the three-dimensional environment without the need for ongoing global illumination calculations. This can be accomplished utilizing texture maps as a multiplicity of canonical radiosity solutions, each representing a lighting channel for dynamic lighting simulation, and storing the solutions in the texture memory of a graphics processing unit.

Methods and systems disclosed herein relate generally to surface-rendering neural networks to represent and render a variety of material appearances (e.g., textured surfaces) at different scales. The system includes receiving image metadata for a texel that includes position, incoming and outgoing radiance direction, and a kernel size. The system applies a offset-prediction neural network to the query to identify an offset coordinate for the texel. The system inputs the offset coordinate to a data structure to determine a feature vector for the texel of the textured surface. The reflectance feature vector is then processed using a decoder neural network to estimate a light-reflectance value of the texel, at which the light-reflectance value is used to render the texel of the textured surface.

Methods and systems disclosed herein relate generally to surface-rendering neural networks to represent and render a variety of material appearances (e.g., textured surfaces) at different scales. The system includes receiving image metadata for a texel that includes position, incoming and outgoing radiance direction, and a kernel size. The system applies a offset-prediction neural network to the query to identify an offset coordinate for the texel. The system inputs the offset coordinate to a data structure to determine a feature vector for the texel of the textured surface. The reflectance feature vector is then processed using a decoder neural network to estimate a light-reflectance value of the texel, at which the light-reflectance value is used to render the texel of the textured surface.

Embodiments of this application disclose a method for rendering of simulating illumination performed at a terminal, including: obtaining first grid vertex information of a preset first virtual object model, the first grid vertex information including first color information and first normal information, the first normal information being obtained by baking a high model corresponding to the preset first virtual object model; performing vertex space conversion on the first normal information to obtain second normal information corresponding to the first grid vertex information; obtaining first illumination information corresponding to the first grid vertex information according to a preset color setting rule and the second normal information, the preset color setting rule being used to represent a correspondence between colors and illumination; and rendering the first virtual object model by using the first illumination information, the first color information, and the first grid vertex information to obtain a second virtual object model.

Embodiments of this application disclose a method for rendering of simulating illumination performed at a terminal, including: obtaining first grid vertex information of a preset first virtual object model, the first grid vertex information including first color information and first normal information, the first normal information being obtained by baking a high model corresponding to the preset first virtual object model; performing vertex space conversion on the first normal information to obtain second normal information corresponding to the first grid vertex information; obtaining first illumination information corresponding to the first grid vertex information according to a preset color setting rule and the second normal information, the preset color setting rule being used to represent a correspondence between colors and illumination; and rendering the first virtual object model by using the first illumination information, the first color information, and the first grid vertex information to obtain a second virtual object model.

A shadow rendering method is provided. The shadow rendering method includes emitting radial light to an object so that a shadow area for the object generated by a three-dimensional modeling is projected; determining a portion of the shadow area as a penumbra area for the object; and rendering a penumbra for the object to the penumbra area.

A shadow rendering method is provided. The shadow rendering method includes emitting radial light to an object so that a shadow area for the object generated by a three-dimensional modeling is projected; determining a portion of the shadow area as a penumbra area for the object; and rendering a penumbra for the object to the penumbra area.

A method and apparatus for rendering a graphics image having a plurality of pixels is described. The method having and the apparatus being configured to perform the following operations: generating a first sequence of first samples, the first sequence being identical for each pixel of a set of pixels of said graphics image; calculating an interval as a function of a parameter representative of discrepancy of the first sequence; for each pixel, applying a shift to the first samples to obtain a second sequence of second samples, the shift being selected in the interval, the shift being different for at least a part of the pixels of the set; rendering the graphics image by using the second samples.

A method and apparatus for rendering a graphics image having a plurality of pixels is described. The method having and the apparatus being configured to perform the following operations: generating a first sequence of first samples, the first sequence being identical for each pixel of a set of pixels of said graphics image; calculating an interval as a function of a parameter representative of discrepancy of the first sequence; for each pixel, applying a shift to the first samples to obtain a second sequence of second samples, the shift being selected in the interval, the shift being different for at least a part of the pixels of the set; rendering the graphics image by using the second samples.

A generator of an image processing apparatus may generate a light transport map (LTM) by sampling depth information from a light to an object based on a transparency of the object, wherein the LTM may be used to compute a visibility of the light with respect to a first point to be rendered.