The present invention discloses a method using a bismuth based alloy as power-off element, comprising: a bismuth based alloy is used as the power-off element and a melting point of the bismuth based alloy is between 100 C. to 380 C.; when the power-off element is in an environment below the melting point, two conductive elements are mutually contacted and capable of conducting currents, whereas the power-off element is only receptive of the currents but does not serve as a medium for conducting the currents; when a working temperature of a switch or the socket is close to or exceeds the melting point, the power-off element loses rigidity and enables the two conductive elements to be separated from each other, thereby forming an electrically disconnected state.

Electromechanical relay constructions comprise an external housing, a pair of switchable electrical contacts disposed within the housing, an element for activating the pair of electrical contacts, and a temperature sensing element disposed within the housing adjacent the electrical contracts. The temperature sensing element provides a signal for determining the temperature within the relay housing. The relay may comprise two or more temperature sensing elements disposed within the housing a desired distance from one another. The temperature sensing element may be attached to a member or substrate disposed within the housing, may be attached to an existing internal structure of the housing, or may be attached to one of the contacts. The temperature sensing element may be selected from the group consisting of resistance temperature detectors, negative temperature coefficient thermistors, thermopile sensors, thermocouples, and combinations thereof.

A switch system includes a system main relay, a temperature measuring unit, and a controller. The system main relay is configured to electrically connect a battery and an onboard device to each other by turning on a contact point, and to electrically disconnect the battery and the onboard device by turning off the contact point. The temperature measuring unit is configured to measure temperature of the contact point of the system main relay. The controller is configured to cause the system main relay to repeatedly turn on and off the contact point at a predetermined timing, (i) when the temperature of the contact point of the system main relay is a predetermined temperature or more or (ii) when an amount of rise in the temperature of the contact point is a predetermined amount or more.

A tactile sensation presenting device includes: a pressure sensation generating unit configured to present pressure information; and a tactile sensation generating unit arranged on the pressure sensation generating unit. The tactile sensation generating unit includes a vibrating element configured to present vibration information; a warmth/coldness presenting element provided above the vibrating element and configured to present warm/cold information. The vibration information, the warm/cold information, and the pressure information are presented to an operating part in contact with a tactile sensation presentation surface of the tactile sensation generating unit.

A heat destructive disconnecting switch comprises a first conductive member, a second conductive member, a movable conductive member, an overheating destructive member, an operating component, and a second elastic member. The movable conductive member conducts electricity to the first conductive member and the second conductive member. The overheating destructive member is formed as an integral body on a limiting member, and a first elastic member is compressed to between a contact member and the overheating destructive member, thereby providing the first elastic member with a first elastic force. The second elastic member is provided with a second elastic force. When the overheating destructive member is destructed due to overheating, the first elastic force is smaller than the second elastic force, causing the movable conductive member to disconnect the first conductive member from the second conductive member to achieve a protective effect from overheating.

An overheating destructive switch, comprising: a first conductive element, a second conductive element, a movable conductive element, an overheating destructive element, an operating component, and a second elastic element. The movable conductive element connects the first conductive element and the second conductive element. A first elastic element and the second elastic element act on an operating element. The first elastic element is compressed and has a first elastic force, and the second elastic element has a second elastic force. The first elastic force is greater than the second elastic force under in a normal state. When the overheating destructive element is destroyed due to overheating, the first elastic force is reduced or lost, such that the second elastic force becomes greater than the first elastic force. The movable conductive element is consequently disconnected from the first conductive element and the second conductive element, thus achieving protection against overheating.

An adjustable trip assembly is for an electrical switching apparatus. The electrical switching apparatus includes a housing, separable contacts and an operating mechanism for opening and closing the separable contacts. The adjustable trip assembly includes a load conductor, a magnetic assembly comprising a magnetic member and an armature movably coupled to the magnetic member, and a calibration assembly comprising a calibration bracket cooperating with the armature, and an adjustment mechanism being adjustable to move the calibration bracket and thereby adjust the position of the armature with respect to the magnetic member to calibrate the magnetic assembly. The magnetic assembly further includes a biasing element that biases the armature away from the magnetic member.

A method for using a bismuth based alloy as switch or socket power-off element which is applied to a switch or a socket, and the switch or the socket includes two conductive elements for conducting currents and one power-off element. A bismuth based alloy is used as the power-off element and a melting point of the bismuth based alloy is between 100 C. to 380 C. When the power-off element is in an environment below the melting point, the two conductive elements are mutually contacted and capable of conducting currents, whereas the power-off element is only receptive of the currents but does not serve as a medium for conducting the currents; when a working temperature of the switch or the socket is close to or exceeds the melting point, the power-off element loses rigidity and enables the two conductive elements to be separated from each other, thereby forming an electrically disconnected state.

An overheating destructive switch, comprising: a first conductive element, a second conductive element, a movable conductive element, an overheating destructive element, an operating component, and a second elastic element. The movable conductive element connects the first conductive element and the second conductive element. A first elastic element and the second elastic element act on an operating element. The first elastic element is compressed and has a first elastic force, and the second elastic element has a second elastic force. The first elastic force is greater than the second elastic force under in a normal state. When the overheating destructive element is destroyed due to overheating, the first elastic force is reduced or lost, such that the second elastic force becomes greater than the first elastic force. The movable conductive element is consequently disconnected from the first conductive element and the second conductive element, thus achieving protection against overheating.

A heat destructive disconnecting switch comprises a first conductive member, a second conductive member, a movable conductive member, an overheating destructive member, an operating component, and a second elastic member. The movable conductive member conducts electricity to the first conductive member and the second conductive member. The overheating destructive member is formed as an integral body on a limiting member, and a first elastic member is compressed to between a contact member and the overheating destructive member, thereby providing the first elastic member with a first elastic force. The second elastic member is provided with a second elastic force. When the overheating destructive member is destructed due to overheating, the first elastic force is smaller than the second elastic force, causing the movable conductive member to disconnect the first conductive member from the second conductive member to achieve a protective effect from overheating.