An aerosol-generating system provided, including an electrically operated aerosol-generating element; a first electrochemical energy storage device (EESD) configured to supply electrical power to the aerosol-generating element; and an EESD temperature control system including at least one temperature sensor positioned to sense a temperature of the first EESD and an electrical heater configured to heat the first EESD, wherein the EESD temperature control system operates the electrical heater dependent on an output from the at least one temperature sensor.

A pump for a fuel cell includes a pump portion, a motor, a controller, a housing, and a temperature detector. The controller executes an activation control and a sensorless vector control. In the activation control, the controller executes a cold activation mode process when the outside air temperature is less than or equal to a set temperature. In the cold activation mode process, the controller executes at least one of increasing a value of an activation current supplied to the motor relative to when a normal activation mode process is executed or setting a supply duration of the activation current to the motor to be longer than that of when the normal activation mode process is executed.

A fuel cell vehicle is mounted with a fuel cell system including a fuel cell stack and a battery. The fuel cell vehicle controls operation of the fuel cell system with an ECU, to perform standby power generation from activation to when travel is allowed and to perform power generation during operation of the fuel cell vehicle after travel has been allowed. In an activation method, the power generation current is increased in accordance with a low-temperature efficiency rate during the power generation during operation, the battery is charged and the power generation current is increased in accordance with a standby current increase rate that is lower than the low-temperature efficiency rate during the standby power generation.

A drying method of a fuel cell includes holding the fuel cell having separator plates exposed on the surface of the fuel cell at a predetermined angle, and blowing air to the fuel cell at an angle in a range of 5° or larger and 85° or smaller with respect to the surface of the separator plate of the fuel cell held at the predetermined angle.

The invention relates to a method for deactivating a fuel cell system (10) comprising a jet pump (28) for conveying an anode-side gas flow in a recirculation path (26), wherein the jet pump (28) comprises a metering valve (36) for metering H.sub.2. While the fuel cell system (10) is cooling, a flow passes through a drive nozzle (46) at least once in order to discharge condensed water. The t invention additionally relates to a jet pump (28) comprising a metering valve (36) and to the use of the method in order to deactivate a fuel cell system (10).

A supply device for the electrical supply of at least one consumer has a primary current system in which there is a fuel cell device, a secondary current system in which there is a battery which has an operating voltage range limited at the top by a maximum voltage and at the bottom by a minimum voltage and which has an operating current strength range for supplying current to the at least one consumer, and a frost-starting element, which is provided in the primary current system and is designed to bring about heating of the fuel cell device. An open-circuit voltage of the fuel cell device corresponds at most to the maximum voltage of the battery.

A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell, an anode gas supply system, an anode gas circulatory system, a cathode gas supply-discharge system, a gas-liquid discharge passage, a gas-liquid discharge valve configured to open and close the gas-liquid discharge passage, a flow-rate acquisition portion, and a controlling portion. After the controlling portion instructs the gas-liquid discharge valve to be opened, the controlling portion executes a normal-abnormality determination such that, when a discharge-gas flow rate of anode gas is a predetermined normal reference value or more, the controlling portion determines that the gas-liquid discharge valve is opened normally, and when the discharge-gas flow rate is lower than the normal reference value, the controlling portion determines that the gas-liquid discharge valve is not opened normally.

A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack, an oxidizing gas supply system, a cooling medium circulation pump, a stack temperature acquisition unit, and a control unit. After a first time point when a change in an acquisition temperature turns from downward to upward after the change in the acquisition temperature turns from upward to downward for the first time after the start of the warm-up operation processing, the control unit sets a decrease speed in cases of decreasing a rotational speed of the cooling medium circulation pump to a smaller value than a value set before the first time point.

A fuel cell stack comprising stacked unit cells, each comprising a membrane electrode assembly comprising an electrolyte membrane and a pair of electrodes disposed on both surfaces thereof, two separators sandwiching the membrane electrode assembly, and a frame-shaped resin sheet disposed between the two separators and around the membrane electrode assembly to attach the separators, wherein the resin sheet comprises a first protrusion protruding in the planar direction of the resin sheet and occupying a part of a first region occupied by a reaction gas inlet manifold, and a second protrusion protruding in the planar direction of the resin sheet and occupying a part of a second region occupied by a reaction gas outlet manifold; and wherein the resin sheet comprises at least one water discharge hole at a predetermined position of at least one protrusion selected from the group consisting of the first protrusion and the second protrusion.

A cooling water temperature of a fuel cell 10 is detected by a sensor 94d. Based on the outside air temperature, a first threshold temperature and a second threshold temperature lower than the first threshold temperature are calculated. When it is judged that the cooling water temperature is lower than the first threshold temperature and higher than the second threshold temperature, first warmup processing is performed. When it is judged that the cooling water temperature is lower than the second threshold temperature, second warmup processing with an amount of heat generation greater than the first warmup processing is performed.