A dielectric encapsulated metal lens includes a planar conductive plate with a first surface and a second surface, wherein the first surface is parallel to the second surface; a plurality of openings from the first surface through the planar conductive plate to the second surface, wherein a longitudinal axis of each opening is perpendicular to the first surface and the second surface, wherein a size of each opening is a function of a position of said each opening on the planar conductive plate; and a dielectric material encapsulating the planar conductive plate and filing the plurality of openings, where the dielectric material forms a top surface and a bottom surface for the metal lens to reduce reflected energy.

Optical axis as central axis is defined as z-axis, and axes perpendicular to z-axis are defined as x- and y-axis. Metallic flat plates are formed parallel to x-z plane to overlap each other and be separated by a given distance. Multiple flat plates except the top flat plate and bottom flat plate are each provided with multiple through holes. Central flat plates are each provided with through holes of a first radius. Intermediate flat plates arranged between central flat plate and top flat plate and between central flat plate and bottom flat plate are each provided with through holes of a second radius smaller than first radius. Second radius of through holes formed in an intermediate flat plate arranged in a position farther from central flat plate is smaller than second size of through holes formed in an intermediate flat plate arranged in a position closer to central flat plate.

Optical axis as central axis is defined as z-axis, and axes perpendicular to z-axis are defined as x- and y-axis. Metallic flat plates are formed parallel to x-z plane to overlap each other and be separated by a given distance. Multiple flat plates except the top flat plate and bottom flat plate are each provided with multiple through holes. Central flat plates are each provided with through holes of a first radius. Intermediate flat plates arranged between central flat plate and top flat plate and between central flat plate and bottom flat plate are each provided with through holes of a second radius smaller than first radius. Second radius of through holes formed in an intermediate flat plate arranged in a position farther from central flat plate is smaller than second size of through holes formed in an intermediate flat plate arranged in a position closer to central flat plate.

A modulated MTS antenna including a metasurface fabricated from metallized cylinders on a ground plane. The antenna structure can be designed to operate in the Gigahertz or Terahertz frequency band and to have a well defined directivity. The MTS antenna may be micromachined out of a silicon wafer using deep reactive ion etching (DRIE).

Provided herein is an artificial dielectric material comprising a plurality of sheets of a dielectric material and a plurality of conductive elements disposed in holes made in the sheets of the dielectric material, wherein each conductive element is a three-dimensional object consisting of side plates connected to a central support and disposed to form conductive surfaces surrounding an empty space. Also provided are conductive elements and focusing lenses comprising the artificial dielectric materials and conductive elements along with methods for manufacture of such materials and method for their use. The artificial dielectric materials, lenses and their manufacture may provide desirable dielectric and radio wave focusing properties compared with known materials and manufacturing advantages.

Provided herein is an artificial dielectric material comprising a plurality of sheets of a dielectric material and a plurality of conductive elements disposed in holes made in the sheets of the dielectric material, wherein each conductive element is a three-dimensional object consisting of side plates connected to a central support and disposed to form conductive surfaces surrounding an empty space. Also provided are conductive elements and focusing lenses comprising the artificial dielectric materials and conductive elements along with methods for manufacture of such materials and method for their use. The artificial dielectric materials, lenses and their manufacture may provide desirable dielectric and radio wave focusing properties compared with known materials and manufacturing advantages.

Complementary metamaterial elements provide an effective permittivity and/or permeability for surface structures and/or waveguide structures. The complementary metamaterial resonant elements may include Babinet complements of “split ring resonator” (SRR) and “electric LC” (ELC) metamaterial elements. In some approaches, the complementary metamaterial elements are embedded in the bounding surfaces of planar waveguides, e.g. to implement waveguide based gradient index lenses for beam steering/focusing devices, antenna array feed structures, etc.

Complementary metamaterial elements provide an effective permittivity and/or permeability for surface structures and/or waveguide structures. The complementary metamaterial resonant elements may include Babinet complements of “split ring resonator” (SRR) and “electric LC” (ELC) metamaterial elements. In some approaches, the complementary metamaterial elements are embedded in the bounding surfaces of planar waveguides, e.g. to implement waveguide based gradient index lenses for beam steering/focusing devices, antenna array feed structures, etc.

An electromagnetic scattering film, and an electronic device with the electromagnetic scattering film are provided. The electromagnetic scattering film includes a metal layer, wherein the metal layer is provided with a through hole penetrating through an upper surface and a lower surface of the metal layer, and a maximum value of the distance s between any two points on a contour of a section of the through hole is less than the wavelength λ of a microwave emitted into the through hole, such that the microwave is diffracted after being emitted into the through hole. By arranging, on the metal layer, a through hole being smaller than the wavelength of a microwave, the microwave, which was originally transmitted in a linear manner, is diffracted after being emitted into the through hole, thereby expanding a microwave transmission and/or receiving space range.

An antenna that provides a radiation pattern that is tilted relative to the perpendicular to the plane of the antenna is provided. The antenna may be located on an angled surface, but have its tilted beam reach maximum gain at its zenith. In alternative embodiments, the antenna may be substantially transparent or translucent allowing placement on a surface without blocking viewing through the surface.