A DC voltage switch may include: a first node and a second node for series integration into a pole of a DC voltage line; a third node for the other pole of the line; a mechanical switch between the first and second nodes; a pulse-current module in parallel with the switch; four semiconductor switches connected as bridges comprising two series of two semiconductor switches; a pulse-current capacitor in parallel with the two series; and a switchable semiconductor element. The pulse-current module includes three module nodes. Potential points between the semiconductor switches of the two series correspond to the first and second module node and the outer ends of the two series of in each case two of the semiconductor switches are connected in pairs to a fourth module node and a fifth module node and the semiconductor element is between the fifth and third module node.

A DC voltage switch may include: a first node and a second node for series integration into a pole of a DC voltage line; a third node for the other pole of the line; a mechanical switch between the first and second nodes; a pulse-current module in parallel with the switch; four semiconductor switches connected as bridges comprising two series of two semiconductor switches; a pulse-current capacitor in parallel with the two series; and a switchable semiconductor element. The pulse-current module includes three module nodes. Potential points between the semiconductor switches of the two series correspond to the first and second module node and the outer ends of the two series of in each case two of the semiconductor switches are connected in pairs to a fourth module node and a fifth module node and the semiconductor element is between the fifth and third module node.

A DC voltage switch may include: a first node and a second node for series integration into a pole of a DC voltage line; a third node for the other pole of the line; a mechanical switch between the first and second nodes; a pulse-current module in parallel with the switch; four semiconductor switches connected as bridges comprising two series of two semiconductor switches; a pulse-current capacitor in parallel with the two series; and a switchable semiconductor element. The pulse-current module includes three module nodes. Potential points between the semiconductor switches of the two series correspond to the first and second module node and the outer ends of the two series of in each case two of the semiconductor switches are connected in pairs to a fourth module node and a fifth module node and the semiconductor element is between the fifth and third module node.

A DC voltage switch may include: a first node and a second node for series integration into a pole of a DC voltage line; a third node for the other pole of the line; a mechanical switch between the first and second nodes; a pulse-current module in parallel with the switch; four semiconductor switches connected as bridges comprising two series of two semiconductor switches; a pulse-current capacitor in parallel with the two series; and a switchable semiconductor element. The pulse-current module includes three module nodes. Potential points between the semiconductor switches of the two series correspond to the first and second module node and the outer ends of the two series of in each case two of the semiconductor switches are connected in pairs to a fourth module node and a fifth module node and the semiconductor element is between the fifth and third module node.

A semiconductor integrated circuit includes a semiconductor power switch element configured to drive an inductive load, a load current sensing circuit configured to sense a load current of the inductive load, a logic circuit configured to output a logic signal responsive to the load current sensing circuit sensing a drop in the load current while the semiconductor power switch element is turned on, a gate voltage pull-down circuit configured to pull down a gate voltage of the semiconductor power switch element upon receiving the logic signal, a clamp diode disposed between a gate of the semiconductor power switch element and a high-potential terminal connected to the inductive load, and a clamp withstand voltage drop circuit configured to switch a first withstand voltage of the clamp diode to a second withstand voltage, which is lower than the first withstand voltage, upon receiving the logic signal.

Disconnection of a circulation path through which a circulation current flows is detected while suppressing an increase in circuit scale. A battery monitoring device includes switching circuits that control currents flowing through coils of main contactors by being controlled to be turned on and off, freewheeling diodes that are connected to the coils of the main contactors to form circulation paths for circulating the currents, and a control unit. The control unit measures output voltages of the freewheeling diodes at an input terminal, and detects the disconnection of the circulation paths based on the output voltages of the freewheeling diodes.

A defibrillator disclosed in the present application including at least: a high voltage capacitor charged through a battery power source; a ladder bridge circuit connected to one end of the high voltage capacitor; a control unit for controlling an on/off operation of switching elements constituting the ladder bridge circuit, wherein the ladder bridge circuit comprises: a first circuit unit and a second circuit unit, one ends of which are connected to one end of the high voltage capacitor and which are connected in parallel to each other; and a third circuit unit connected in series to the other ends of the first circuit unit and the second circuit unit.

A defibrillator disclosed in the present application including at least: a high voltage capacitor charged through a battery power source; a ladder bridge circuit connected to one end of the high voltage capacitor; a control unit for controlling an on/off operation of switching elements constituting the ladder bridge circuit, wherein the ladder bridge circuit comprises: a first circuit unit and a second circuit unit, one ends of which are connected to one end of the high voltage capacitor and which are connected in parallel to each other; and a third circuit unit connected in series to the other ends of the first circuit unit and the second circuit unit.

A semiconductor integrated circuit includes a semiconductor power switch element configured to drive an inductive load, a load current sensing circuit configured to sense a load current of the inductive load, a logic circuit configured to output a logic signal responsive to the load current sensing circuit sensing a drop in the load current while the semiconductor power switch element is turned on, a gate voltage pull-down circuit configured to pull down a gate voltage of the semiconductor power switch element upon receiving the logic signal, a clamp diode disposed between a gate of the semiconductor power switch element and a high-potential terminal connected to the inductive load, and a clamp withstand voltage drop circuit configured to switch a first withstand voltage of the clamp diode to a second withstand voltage, which is lower than the first withstand voltage, upon receiving the logic signal.

A fast shut-off solenoid circuit network includes a solenoid circuit and a current dissipation circuit. The solenoid circuit is operable in response to an electrical current, and configured to operate in an enable mode and a disable mode. The current dissipation circuit is configured to dissipate the current discharged from the solenoid circuit in response to invoking the disable mode. The fast shut-off solenoid circuit network further includes a dissipation bypass circuit. The dissipation bypass circuit is configured to divert the current discharged by the solenoid circuit away from current dissipation circuit when operating in the enable mode.