Method comprising: selecting a subset of one or more beam pairs among a set of beam pairs via which a terminal and a base station are associated, wherein for each of the beam pairs of the subset, a suitability of the respective beam pair is better than a suitability threshold; for each of the beam pairs of the subset: determining a respective set of at least two tones; performing a respective relative phase measurement based on the respective virtual wavelength to obtain a respective virtual phase difference; and at least one of reporting the respective set of at least two tones and the respective virtual phase difference to the base station; and estimating a respective distance between the terminal and a transmission reception point of the base station emitting the respective beam pair based on the respective virtual phase difference and the preliminary uncertainty region.

Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) comprising a processor configured to receive a set of gap patterns, and measurement activities associated therewith, wherein each of the gap patterns includes an identifier for the measurement activity to be performed, and measure a signal pursuant to at least one of the gap patterns to obtain a measurement.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may estimate a throughput requirement associated with a communication between the UE and a network node. The UE may select a beam level, of multiple candidate beam levels capable of satisfying the throughput requirement, that is associated with a lowest power consumption. The UE may communicate with the network node using the beam level. Numerous other aspects are described.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may receive a first reference signal (RS). The UE may identify a set of UE beams based at least in part on signal strengths of the first RS as measured via at least one UE beam of the set of UE beams. The UE may transmit, based at least in part on the first RS, a report including an indication of a network node beam for communication with the UE, the indication based at least in part on a signal strength of the first RS using a first UE beam of the set of UE beams. The UE may receive a second RS using the set of UE beams. The UE may identify, based at least in part on the second RS, a second UE beam of the set of UE beams, identification based at least in part on a spectral efficiency associated with the second UE beam. The UE may communicate with the network node using the second UE beam. Numerous other aspects are described.

In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus may be wireless equipment. The wireless equipment selects a first subset of beams to be utilized for beam management. The beams are from a set of first type of beams used for communication with a base station or a UE. The wireless equipment measures signals transmitted on a second subset of beams. The beams are from the set of first type of beams or from a set of second type of beams. The wireless equipment measures the signals over a time window. The wireless equipment inputs the measurements to a computational model. The wireless equipment receives predictions of channel measurements on the first subset of beams from the computational model.

A network node may transmit, using a first set of beams, coarse beam information for a second set of beams associated with a user equipment (UE) and a set of repeaters. The UE and the set of repeaters may receive, using the first set of beams, the coarse beam information for the second set of beams associated with the UE and the set of repeaters. The UE and the set of repeaters may transmit refined beam information for the second set of beams associated with the set of repeaters and the UE. The network node may receive, using the first set of beams, the refined beam information for the second set of beams associated with the set of repeaters and the UE.

A method of data transmission includes steps of receiving, by a base station (BS), from a user equipment (UE), a first set of training signals, using the first set of training signals to determine a first downlink (DL) beam for DL data transmission, transmitting data on the first DL beam to the UE, receiving, by the UE, a second set of training signals, using the first uplink beam and the second set of training signals to determine a second DL beam for the uplink data transmission and transmitting data on the second DL beam to the UE.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A first wireless device (e.g., station (STA), access point (AP)) may transmit to a second wireless device during a service period, an initiating frame using a transmit beam that is based on a first beam training procedure performed between the devices prior to the service period. The first wireless device may perform a second beam training procedure during the service period based on an absence of a response frame from the second wireless device, based on an indication within the response frame received from the second wireless device, or based on identification of a change in a wireless channel relative to a previous beam training interval or previous service period. The first wireless device may then communicate one or more messages with the second wireless device using one or more beams that are based on the second beam training procedure.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A user equipment (UE) may select a set of candidate UE beams for measuring channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS) based on one or more power measurements for uplink transmissions. The UE may measure multiple synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) using the set of candidate UE beams and select a subset of the selected candidate beams based on the SSB measurements. The UE may measure spectral efficiency via the resource carrying the CSI-RS using the subset of candidate UE beams and select a serving beam from the subset based on the spectral efficiency of each beam. The UE may calculate the power measurements based on a difference between a power threshold and a reference power value for each candidate beam.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A first device may select a first beam and a second beam from a set of beams for communicating with a second device. The first device may perform a beam refinement procedure of the first beam to generate a first multicast autonomous beam refinement tree. The first device may determine a trigger for performing the beam refinement procedure of the second beam, and the first device may generate a second multicast autonomous beam refinement tree. The first device may communicate with the second device using the second beam.