Methods and apparatuses for environmental control systems are described. In one example, a method includes monitoring a voice communications call between a local call participant located in a building space and a remote call participant. The method includes detecting a change in a user state of the local call participant from the voice communications call. The method further includes adjusting an environmental parameter in the building space responsive to detecting the change in the user state of the local call participant.

A control apparatus and method for a wireless communication system supporting cognitive radio. The control apparatus includes an acquisition unit and a management unit. The acquisition unit is configured to acquire information about at least one factor capable of affecting performance of transferring an access request for a frequency spectrum resource by a communication apparatus, the access request being used for making a request to a device which controls the frequency spectrum allocation for allocating a frequency spectrum to the communication apparatus. The management unit is configured to receive the access request sent by the communication apparatus, and optimize a route for the access request of the communication apparatus according to the acquired factor in the case that the access request contains information indicating that the communication apparatus is a slave apparatus of another communication apparatus.

A PTT smart watch system using a biometric human identification (HID) method based on electrocardiogram which provides a PTT service through interworking with a server including an electrocardiogram database, the PTT smart watch system comprising: a plurality of user terminals enabling biometric HID and PTT communication; and a server configured to receive electrocardiogram data and a PTT message from a first user terminal of the plurality of user terminals, transmit the electrocardiogram data to an electrocardiogram database, and transmit the PTT message to at least one second user terminal of the plurality of user terminals which enters a corresponding PTT channel when biometric HID is identified from the electrocardiogram database. A biometric HID method based on electrocardiogram enhances security in a PTT communication system, and allows a convenient use. In addition, through interworking with a health care application in a smartphone using electrocardiogram data, a user's health may be managed.