Residual coding using vector quantization (VQ) is described. A flag indicating whether a residual block for the current block is encoded using VQ. In response to the flag indicating that the residual block is encoded using VQ, a parameter indicating an entry in a codebook is decoded, and the residual block is decoded using the entry. In response to the flag indicating that the residual block is not encoded using VQ, the residual block is decoded based on a skip flag indicating whether the current block is encoded using transform skip. The current block is reconstructed using the residual block.

Residual coding using vector quantization (VQ) is described. A flag indicating whether a residual block for the current block is encoded using VQ. In response to the flag indicating that the residual block is encoded using VQ, a parameter indicating an entry in a codebook is decoded, and the residual block is decoded using the entry. In response to the flag indicating that the residual block is not encoded using VQ, the residual block is decoded based on a skip flag indicating whether the current block is encoded using transform skip. The current block is reconstructed using the residual block.

A better compromise between encoding complexity and achievable rate distortion ratio, and/or to achieve a better rate distortion ratio is achieved by using multitree sub-divisioning not only in order to subdivide a continuous area, namely the sample array, into leaf regions, but using the intermediate regions also to share coding parameters among the corresponding collocated leaf blocks. By this measure, coding procedures performed in tiles—leaf regions—locally, may be associated with coding parameters individually without having to, however, explicitly transmit the whole coding parameters for each leaf region separately. Rather, similarities may effectively exploited by using the multitree subdivision.

A better compromise between encoding complexity and achievable rate distortion ratio, and/or to achieve a better rate distortion ratio is achieved by using multitree sub-divisioning not only in order to subdivide a continuous area, namely the sample array, into leaf regions, but using the intermediate regions also to share coding parameters among the corresponding collocated leaf blocks. By this measure, coding procedures performed in tiles—leaf regions—locally, may be associated with coding parameters individually without having to, however, explicitly transmit the whole coding parameters for each leaf region separately. Rather, similarities may effectively exploited by using the multitree subdivision.

An image processing apparatus, including processing circuitry configured to decode a bit stream to generate quantized data. The bit stream includes a flag, for each block, that specifies whether or not a difference quantization parameter is present in the bit stream. The flag is included in a first layer that is higher than a second layer in which the difference quantization parameter is set. The processing circuitry is configured to set, according to the flag, a current quantization parameter for a current sub block formed by block partitioning, which splits a block into smaller sub blocks. The processing circuitry is configured to inversely quantize the generated quantized data using the set current quantization parameter.

An image processing apparatus, including processing circuitry configured to decode a bit stream to generate quantized data. The bit stream includes a flag, for each block, that specifies whether or not a difference quantization parameter is present in the bit stream. The flag is included in a first layer that is higher than a second layer in which the difference quantization parameter is set. The processing circuitry is configured to set, according to the flag, a current quantization parameter for a current sub block formed by block partitioning, which splits a block into smaller sub blocks. The processing circuitry is configured to inversely quantize the generated quantized data using the set current quantization parameter.

A method or coding image information, according to the present invention, comprises the steps of: binarizing according to different techniques, index values of forward prediction, backward prediction, and bidirectional prediction, depending on whether the bidirectional prediction is applied when inter-predicting a current block; and entropy coding a binarized codeword, wherein whether to apply the bidirectional prediction when inter-predicting the current block can be determined on the basis of the size of the current block. As a result, provided are a method for binarizing an inter-prediction direction of a prediction unit having a specific size, and an apparatus using same.

A method for encoding a video signal includes estimating a space requirement for encoding a tile of a video frame, writing a first value in a first value space of the bitstream, wherein the first value describes a size of a second value space, and defining the second value space in the bitstream, wherein the size of the second value space is based on an estimated space requirement. The method also includes writing encoded content in a content space of the bitstream, determining a size of the content space subsequent to writing encoded content in the content space, and writing a second value in the second value space of the bitstream, wherein the second value describes the size of the content space.

Methods for decoding of a video bitstream by a video decoding circuit are provided. In one implementation, a method receives coded data for a 2N×2N coding unit (CU) from the video bitstream, selects one or more first codewords according to whether asymmetric motion partition is disabled or enabled when a size of said 2N×2N CU is not equal to a smallest CU size, wherein none of the first codewords corresponds to INTER N×N partition, selects one or more second codewords when the size of said 2N×2N CU is equal to the smallest CU size, wherein none of the second codewords corresponds to the INTER N×N partition when N is 4, determines a CU structure for said 2N×2N CU from the video bitstream using said one or more first codewords or said one or more second codewords, and decodes the video bitstream using the CU structure.

Methods for decoding of a video bitstream by a video decoding circuit are provided. In one implementation, a method receives coded data for a 2N×2N coding unit (CU) from the video bitstream, selects one or more first codewords according to whether asymmetric motion partition is disabled or enabled when a size of said 2N×2N CU is not equal to a smallest CU size, wherein none of the first codewords corresponds to INTER N×N partition, selects one or more second codewords when the size of said 2N×2N CU is equal to the smallest CU size, wherein none of the second codewords corresponds to the INTER N×N partition when N is 4, determines a CU structure for said 2N×2N CU from the video bitstream using said one or more first codewords or said one or more second codewords, and decodes the video bitstream using the CU structure.