A heating system for use in mechanical testing at scales of microns or less includes a stage heater. The stage heater having a stage plane, and a stage heating element distributed across the stage plane. Two or more support mounts are on opposed sides of the stage plane. A first bridge extends from the stage plane to a first mount of the two or more support mounts, and a second bridge extends from the stage plane to a second mount of the two or more support mounts. The first and second bridges provide a plurality of supports between the stage plane and two or more support mounts to accordingly support the stage plane. In another example, the heating system includes a probe heater configured to heat a probe as part of mechanical testing.

A heating system for use in mechanical testing at scales of microns or less includes a stage heater. The stage heater having a stage plane, and a stage heating element distributed across the stage plane. Two or more support mounts are on opposed sides of the stage plane. A first bridge extends from the stage plane to a first mount of the two or more support mounts, and a second bridge extends from the stage plane to a second mount of the two or more support mounts. The first and second bridges provide a plurality of supports between the stage plane and two or more support mounts to accordingly support the stage plane. In another example, the heating system includes a probe heater configured to heat a probe as part of mechanical testing.

The present invention provides an electric heating device and its preparation method; the said electric heating device includes at least one PTC electric heating element and radiation fin; the said PTC electric heating element includes positive and negative electrodes and PTC element between positive and negative electrodes; the said radiation fin is located at outer surface of the said PTC electric heating element; surface of the said radiation fin_with no physical connection to the said PTC electric heating element, is uncharged. State-of-the-art flat aluminum tube or aluminum tube is not used for the electric heating device provided in the present invention, which not only saves costs, but also reduces heat resistance in intermediate link of flat aluminum tube, enhances heat exchange efficiency and increases volumetric power density.

A PTC heating element for an electric heating device includes frame which is made of electrically non-conductive material and which encloses at least one PTC element, conductor tracks electrically connected to the PTC element, and insulating layers bearing, in a heat-conductive manner, against an oppositely disposed main side surface of the PTC element. The frame has contact strips which project over itself and which are electrically conductively connected to the conductor tracks for energizing the PTC element with different polarities. In order to provide an electrically well-insulated PTC heating element allows good heat coupling, s a film respectively covers the outer surfaces of the insulating layers. A corresponding PTC heating element may be provided in a circulation chamber of the electric heating device. In this case, the conductor tracks are electrically connected to the PTC element, protrude through a partition wall of the electric heating device, and are exposed and electrically connected in a connection chamber. The connection chamber is separated by the partition wall from the circulation chamber.

A PTC heating element for an electric heating device includes frame which is made of electrically non-conductive material and which encloses at least one PTC element, conductor tracks electrically connected to the PTC element, and insulating layers bearing, in a heat-conductive manner, against an oppositely disposed main side surface of the PTC element. The frame has contact strips which project over itself and which are electrically conductively connected to the conductor tracks for energizing the PTC element with different polarities. In order to provide an electrically well-insulated PTC heating element allows good heat coupling, s a film respectively covers the outer surfaces of the insulating layers. A corresponding PTC heating element may be provided in a circulation chamber of the electric heating device. In this case, the conductor tracks are electrically connected to the PTC element, protrude through a partition wall of the electric heating device, and are exposed and electrically connected in a connection chamber. The connection chamber is separated by the partition wall from the circulation chamber.

A PTC heater including: a PTC element heating part configured to generate heat; and a pair of heat dissipating plates disposed at two opposite sides of the PTC element heating part, respectively, so as to be in contact with the PTC element heating part and having a plurality of flow holes, in which the heat dissipating plates have heat dissipating fins each connected to one side of each of the flow holes and bent to a space between the heat dissipating plates.

A PTC heater including: a PTC element heating part configured to generate heat; and a pair of heat dissipating plates disposed at two opposite sides of the PTC element heating part, respectively, so as to be in contact with the PTC element heating part and having a plurality of flow holes, in which the heat dissipating plates have heat dissipating fins each connected to one side of each of the flow holes and bent to a space between the heat dissipating plates.

The present invention relates to an electric heating device (3) in an exhaust gas system (1), having an outer circumferential, in particular circular, housing (4), wherein a rib structure is arranged in the housing (4), which rib structure can be heated by applying an electric current to it. The rib structure is arranged with rib rows (7) parallel to one another in the housing (4), wherein the parallel-arranged rib rows (7) are arranged such that are electrically connected to one another in series or in parallel.

The present invention relates to an electric heating device (3) in an exhaust gas system (1), having an outer circumferential, in particular circular, housing (4), wherein a rib structure is arranged in the housing (4), which rib structure can be heated by applying an electric current to it. The rib structure is arranged with rib rows (7) parallel to one another in the housing (4), wherein the parallel-arranged rib rows (7) are arranged such that are electrically connected to one another in series or in parallel.

In order to heat a bag filled, for example, with a food product to a predeterminable temperature, the entire cassette (1) has been heated in the past. The invention relates to a cassette (1) made of plastic, wherein in each of the cassette shells (2, 3) a receiving recess (10) is formed, in each of which a respective heat-conducting plate (11) is arranged securely in position. A heating element (20) is applied to the heat-conducting plate (11) and the heat-conducting plate (11) is retained in an insulated manner on the respective cassette shell (2, 3) such that a thermal insulating air gap remains between the heat-conducting plate (11) or the heating element (20) and the cassette shell (2, 3).