The device for applying an electrical pulse includes at least one glove having a glove body ending in glove fingers, at least three of which are provided with first application contacts, connected to an electrical energy source via a control unit. The glove further includes second application contacts. The control unit includes a selector for applying a differential electrical pulse between the first and second application contacts.

A system for controlling a shock output of an electronic animal trap includes a battery, a transformer having a primary coil connected to the battery, and a controller connected to the battery and the primary coil. The controller has a shock cycle module determining a battery capacity of the battery and determining a shock enable time based on the battery capacity. The shock cycle module controls a primary current from the battery to run through the primary coil for the shock enable time.

Implementations of conductive energy weapons (CEWs) may include a shock generating circuit configured to couple to a power source, two electrodes operatively coupled to the shock generating circuit, and a safety circuit operatively coupled to the shock generating circuit. The shock generating circuit may be configured to generate a first pulse train and deliver the first pulse train to a target, and may be configured to generate at least a second pulse train and deliver the at least second pulse train to a target. The safety circuit may be configured to prevent the CEW from applying pulse trains to the target after a predetermined number of pulse trains. The first pulse train may include two or more pulses having waveforms substantially identical with each other, each of the waveforms of the two or more pulses having both a positive voltage segment and a negative voltage segment.

Implementations of conductive energy weapons (CEWs) may include a shock generating circuit configured to couple to a power source, two electrodes operatively coupled to the shock generating circuit, and a safety circuit operatively coupled to the shock generating circuit. The shock generating circuit may be configured to generate a first pulse train and deliver the first pulse train to a target, and may be configured to generate at least a second pulse train and deliver the at least second pulse train to a target. The safety circuit may be configured to prevent the CEW from applying pulse trains to the target after a predetermined number of pulse trains. The first pulse train may include two or more pulses having waveforms substantially identical with each other, each of the waveforms of the two or more pulses having both a positive voltage segment and a negative voltage segment.

The system is constituted by physical and electrical barriers, with components of sensing and alarm of the first and of connection and activation of the last, all connected to the internal source constituted by set of batteries or conventional electrical system, the last one provided of batteries pack, for coverage of eventual electrical supply failures, for the length of time considered more convenient by the user. The system prevents access to closed or semi-closed enclosures, so that the detection by the sensing and alarm component of the simple approach of intrusion agent at a distance below that established activates the electrical barrier connection and activation component fed by its own sources or conventional, substitutable by the own sources in case of external supply drop, making the entire energized electric barrier practically impregnable to burglary, due to the discharge of high voltage and low amperage, as appropriate.

The system is constituted by physical and electrical barriers, with components of sensing and alarm of the first and of connection and activation of the last, all connected to the internal source constituted by set of batteries or conventional electrical system, the last one provided of batteries pack, for coverage of eventual electrical supply failures, for the length of time considered more convenient by the user. The system prevents access to closed or semi-closed enclosures, so that the detection by the sensing and alarm component of the simple approach of intrusion agent at a distance below that established activates the electrical barrier connection and activation component fed by its own sources or conventional, substitutable by the own sources in case of external supply drop, making the entire energized electric barrier practically impregnable to burglary, due to the discharge of high voltage and low amperage, as appropriate.

Methods and apparatus for detecting a magnitude of a voltage at a face of a conducted electrical weapon (CEW). The magnitude of the voltage may be used to determine whether a pulse of a stimulus signal was delivered to a target. Structures for detecting the magnitude of the voltage may include structures that provide a stimulus voltage.

Methods and apparatus for detecting a magnitude of a voltage at a face of a conducted electrical weapon (CEW). The magnitude of the voltage may be used to determine whether a pulse of a stimulus signal was delivered to a target. Structures for detecting the magnitude of the voltage may include structures that provide a stimulus voltage.

Implementations of conductive energy weapons (CEWs) may include a shock generating circuit configured to couple to a power source, two electrodes operatively coupled to the shock generating circuit, and a safety circuit operatively coupled to the shock generating circuit. The shock generating circuit may be configured to generate a first pulse train and deliver the first pulse train to a target, and may be configured to generate at least a second pulse train and deliver the at least second pulse train to a target. The safety circuit may be configured to prevent the CEW from applying pulse trains to the target after a predetermined number of pulse trains. The first pulse train may include two or more pulses having waveforms substantially identical with each other, each of the waveforms of the two or more pulses having both a positive voltage segment and a negative voltage segment.

Implementations of conductive energy weapons (CEWs) may include a shock generating circuit configured to couple to a power source, two electrodes operatively coupled to the shock generating circuit, and a safety circuit operatively coupled to the shock generating circuit. The shock generating circuit may be configured to generate a first pulse train and deliver the first pulse train to a target, and may be configured to generate at least a second pulse train and deliver the at least second pulse train to a target. The safety circuit may be configured to prevent the CEW from applying pulse trains to the target after a predetermined number of pulse trains. The first pulse train may include two or more pulses having waveforms substantially identical with each other, each of the waveforms of the two or more pulses having both a positive voltage segment and a negative voltage segment.