High density films of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes having a high degree of nanotube alignment are provided. Also provided are methods of making the films and field effect transistors (FETs) that incorporate the films as conducting channel materials. The single-walled carbon nanotubes are deposited from a thin layer of organic solvent containing solubilized single-walled carbon nanotubes that is spread over the surface of an aqueous medium, inducing evaporative self-assembly upon contacting a solid substrate.

A method of patterning a substrate includes applying a first potential to a spray nozzle, applying a second potential to at least one first cell electrode among a plurality of cell electrodes on a first surface of the substrate, applying a third potential to at least one second cell electrode excluding the at least one first cell electrode among the cell electrodes, and applying a fourth potential to a second surface that is opposite to the first surface of the substrate.

A quantum dot film, a method for preparing the same, and a quantum dot light emitting diode are provided. The method for preparing the quantum dot film includes: providing a substrate; and depositing a mixed solution containing a quantum dot and a high molecular polymer onto the substrate, and performing annealing treatment to obtain the quantum dot film. A temperature of the annealing treatment is greater than or equal to a glass transition temperature of the high molecular polymer. The preparation method can make the position of the quantum dot in the quantum dot film rearranged, such that the quantum dot is tightly accumulated and regularly arranged in the high molecular polymer, whereby forming a flat quantum dot film. The quantum dot film obtained from the preparation method, when applied to the quantum dot light emitting device, can significantly improve the electro-optical efficiency and lifespan of the device.

Methods of passivating surfaces, composite materials, and electronic devices including the composite materials. The composite materials can include a passivated film, such as a metal halide perovskite passivated with an organic dye. The electronic devices may include solar cells.

Methods of forming films of aligned carbon nanotubes on a substrate surface are provided. The films are deposited from carbon nanotubes that have been concentrated and confined at a two-dimensional liquid/liquid interface. The liquid/liquid interface is formed by a dispersion of organic material-coated carbon nanotubes that flows over the surface of an immiscible liquid within a flow channel. Within the interface, the carbon nanotubes self-organize via liquid crystal phenomena and globally align along the liquid flow direction. By translating the interface across the substrate, large-area, wafer-scale films of aligned carbon nanotubes can be deposited on the surface of the substrate in a continuous and scalable process.

An organoelectroluminescent device according to the present invention is capable of low voltage driving, has an excellent external quantum efficiency and exhibits highly efficient light-emitting characteristics by employing compounds having distinct structures, as a hole transport material and a dopant material, in a hole injection layer or a hole transport layer, and a light-emitting layer, respectively, and thus can be industrially utilized in a flat display device, a flexible display device, a monochrome or white flat panel lighting apparatus, a monochrome or white flexible lighting apparatus and the like.

An organoelectroluminescent device according to the present invention is capable of low voltage driving, has an excellent external quantum efficiency and exhibits highly efficient light-emitting characteristics by employing compounds having distinct structures, as a hole transport material and a dopant material, in a hole injection layer or a hole transport layer, and a light-emitting layer, respectively, and thus can be industrially utilized in a flat display device, a flexible display device, a monochrome or white flat panel lighting apparatus, a monochrome or white flexible lighting apparatus and the like.

This thin film is a thin film for detecting circularly polarized light, and includes a plurality of inorganic layers constituting a layered structure and/or a plurality of inorganic chains constituting a chain structure, which are formed of a perovskite type substance, and chiral molecules incorporated in at least a part of a boundary part between the adjacent inorganic layers and/or between the inorganic chains, wherein the chiral molecules include only one of S-form chiral molecules and R-form chiral molecules or chiral molecules with a higher abundance proportion of one of S-form chiral molecules and R-form chiral molecules than an abundance proportion of the other of S-form chiral molecules and R-form chiral molecules, and wherein the crystal structure of the perovskite type substance is oriented in a predetermined direction.

This thin film is a thin film for detecting circularly polarized light, and includes a plurality of inorganic layers constituting a layered structure and/or a plurality of inorganic chains constituting a chain structure, which are formed of a perovskite type substance, and chiral molecules incorporated in at least a part of a boundary part between the adjacent inorganic layers and/or between the inorganic chains, wherein the chiral molecules include only one of S-form chiral molecules and R-form chiral molecules or chiral molecules with a higher abundance proportion of one of S-form chiral molecules and R-form chiral molecules than an abundance proportion of the other of S-form chiral molecules and R-form chiral molecules, and wherein the crystal structure of the perovskite type substance is oriented in a predetermined direction.

Described are concepts, systems, circuits, devices, structures and methods for depositing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) uniformly over a substrate. The described concepts, systems, circuits, devices, structures and methods meet at least several requirements; namely, the systems, circuits, devices, structures are: (1) manufacturable; (2) silicon-CMOS compatible; and (3) provide a path for realizing energy efficiency benefits utilizing silicon. In embodiments, described is an illustrative CNT solution-based deposition technique that addresses all of these requirements. Also described is a method for providing carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNFETs) using uniform and reproducible fabrication techniques suitable for use across industry-standard wafers and which may use the same equipment currently being used to fabricate silicon product wafers. Also described are CNFETs fabricated within commercial silicon manufacturing facilities and having wafer-scale uniformity and reproducibility across multiple wafers.