S1 is a sum of the areas of a plurality of individual electrodes formed on a first plane of a piezoelectric body of a liquid discharge head, S2 is an area of a first common electrode formed on a second plane, S3 is an area of a second common electrode formed on a third plane, D1 is a distance between a neutral plane and the first plane in a stacking direction, D2 is the distance between the neutral plane and the second plane in the stacking direction, and D3 is the distance between the neutral plane and the third plane in the stacking direction. Then, D1×S1+D2×S2>D3×S3 is satisfied. The liquid discharge head includes a plurality of conductor layers which are formed on the third plane, without contact with the second common electrode and without contact with each other.

A transducer includes a first piezoelectric layer; and a second piezoelectric layer that is above the first piezoelectric layer; wherein the second piezoelectric layer is a more compressive layer with an average stress that is less than or more compressive than an average stress of the first piezoelectric layer.

A transducer includes a first piezoelectric layer; and a second piezoelectric layer that is above the first piezoelectric layer; wherein the second piezoelectric layer is a more compressive layer with an average stress that is less than or more compressive than an average stress of the first piezoelectric layer.

A piezoelectric microelectromechanical system microphone comprises a piezoelectric element configured to deform and generate an electrical potential responsive to impingement of sound waves on the piezoelectric element, a sensing electrode disposed on the piezoelectric element and configured to sense the electrical potential, and a dummy electrode electrically unconnected to the sensing electrode and disposed on a portion of the piezoelectric element that is free of the sensing electrode, the dummy electrode configured to reduce static deformation of the piezoelectric element caused by residual stresses in the piezoelectric element.

An apparatus comprising a substrate, one or more nanowire pillars, each having a base portion and a tip portion, a first electrode connected to the tip portions of the one or more nanowire pillars, an internal hollow cavity positioned between the substrate and the first electrode, such that at least a portion of each of the one or more nanowire pillars extend through the internal hollow cavity, and a second electrode proximate the first side of the substrate. High-performance broadband photodetectors and other optoelectronics for converting light to electricity with enhanced absorption and carrier collection.

A CMOS-compatible actuator platform for implementing phase, amplitude, and frequency modulation in silicon nitride photonic integrated circuits via piezo-optomechanical coupling using tightly mechanically coupled aluminum nitride actuators is disclosed. The platform, which may be fabricated in a CMOS foundry, enables scalable active photonic integrated circuits for visible wavelengths, and the piezoelectric actuation functions without performance degradation down to cryogenic operating temperatures. A number of devices are possible, including ring modulator devices, phase shifter devices, Mach-Zehnder interferometer devices, directional coupler devices (including tunable directional coupler devices), and acousto-optic modulator and frequency shifter devices, each of which can employ the same AlN actuator platform. As all of these devices can be built on the same AlN actuator platform, numerous optical functions can be implemented on a single die.

Provided is a laminated piezoelectric element is formed by folding back and laminating a piezoelectric film having an electrode layer and a protective layer on both sides of a piezoelectric layer in which piezoelectric particles are dispersed in a matrix. In the laminated two layers of the piezoelectric film, in a case where a thickness of a central portion thereof is a center thickness and a position up to twice the center thickness in a direction from the folded side end part toward the center is the folded-back portion, there is a position at which the thickness is greater than the center thickness in the folded-back portion, and there is an air gap in the folded-back portion or the air gap is filled with a cementing agent. The laminated piezoelectric element is able to prevent peeling of the electrode layer and the like in the folded-back portion in the laminated piezoelectric element in which the piezoelectric film is folded back and laminated. An electroacoustic transducer uses the laminated piezoelectric element.

Aspects of self-powered weigh-in-motion systems and methods that utilize piezoelectric components for sensing load as well as powering data acquisition and analysis components. In one example, the weigh-in-motion system includes a number of piezoelectric stacks, each stack including a number of piezoelectric elements. Each stack includes one or more top or upper piezoelectric element that provides vehicle sensing data. Each stack also includes a set of piezoelectric elements used for energy harvesting. The sensing piezoelectric elements are connected to a data input of a microcontroller for vehicle classification, while the energy harvesting piezoelectric elements are connected to a power input of the microcontroller.

A preparation method tor a piezoelectric fiber is provided including a piezoelectric functional layer and an insulating layer coated on the piezoelectric functional layer. The piezoelectric functional layer includes a piezoelectric composite layer of a spiral winding structure, and the piezoelectric composite layer includes a first piezoelectric layer, a conductive layer and a second piezoelectric layer that are sequentially stacked. The preparation method piezoelectric composite layer in a direction perpendicular to the winding axis to form the piezoelectric functional layer, wherein turns of winding the piezoelectric composite layer are greater than 5, coating the piezoelectric functional layer with the insulating layer, and vacuum heating to consolidate, to prepare a preform rod.

A ceramic tool material, in particular with piezoelectric effect and a preparation method thereof, and a cutting tool. The ceramic tool material includes the following raw materials by weight: 30-70 parts of matrix material, 30-70 parts of piezoelectric material, 5-10 parts of binder, and 10-20 parts of reinforcing phase and can be made into cutting tools. The cutting tool has a piezoelectric effect and excellent mechanical properties and can convert the cutting force signal into the charge signal during machining. By collecting charge signals, a cutting force can be measured and ceramic cutting tool condition can be monitored. Cutting force measurement function and high mechanical properties are integrated. A ceramic tool material with piezoelectric effect can measure the cutting force on the premise by meeting the cutting performance requirements.