An object of the present invention is to provide an oxygen-enriched burner which can change any oscillation period and uniformly heat an object to be heated with an excellent heat transfer efficiency when heating the object to be heated while moving the flame with self-induced oscillation, and a method for heating using an oxygen enriched burner, and the present invention provides an oxygen-enriched burner including a center fluid ejection outlet and a peripheral fluid ejection outlet provided around the center fluid ejection outlet, a pair of openings are provided at opposite positions on side walls of a fluid ejection flow path of the center fluid ejection outlet, a pair of the openings are communicated with each other by a communication portion, an interval between a pair of side walls downstream of the openings in the fluid ejection flow path is gradually expanded toward the downstream side, and the communication portion includes a first communication pipe and the second communication pipe each having a first end connected to a pair of the openings, and at least one communication element connected to second ends of the first communication pipe and the second communication pipe and communicating the first communication pipe and the second communication pipe.

A method of generating syngas as a primary product from renewable feedstock, fossil fuels, or hazardous waste with the use of a cupola. The cupola operates on inductive heat alone, chemically assisted heat, or plasma assisted heat. Cupola operation is augmented by employing carbon or graphite rods to carry electrical current into the metal bath that is influenced by the inductive element. The method includes the steps of providing a cupola for containing a metal bath; and operating an inductive element to react with the metal bath. A combination of fossil fuel, a hazardous waste, and a hazardous material is supplied to the cupola. A plasma torch operates on the metal bath directly, indirectly, or in a downdraft arrangement. Steam, air, oxygen enriched air, or oxygen are supplied to the metal bath. A pregassifier increases efficiency and a duct fired burner is added to a simple cycle turbine with fossil fuel augmentation.

Improvements to the gasifier furnace design and process method to facilitate continuous production of mainly H.sub.2, CO and granulated solid from molten liquid or the liquid slag in the presence of carbonaceous material. It is a method of quenching molten liquid and cooling post quenched hot granulated solid which is done within a long horizontal reaction chamber space of the furnace in the presence of C and H.sub.2O. A moving layer of continuously gas cooled granulated solid protects the moving floor underneath by substantially reducing the possibility of heat transfer from the horizontal reaction chamber to such moving floor and its parts and preventing direct contact between the post quenched hot solid granulates and such moving floor. Such moving floor having plurality of gas passages and is disposed above a plenum that receives gas from outside source and uniformly distributes the gas to pass through all the gas passages.

A method for heating a furnace (40) used for metal processing by combusting a fuel in the furnace (40) by supplying an oxidizing gas through an oxidizing gas supply line (20) into the furnace (40) and by supplying a fuel through a fuel supply line (30) into the furnace (40), wherein the oxidizing gas is supplied in form of a central oxidizing gas flow (24) together with a first shroud gas flow (25), and/or the fuel is supplied in form of a central fuel flow (34) together with a second shroud gas flow (35), and to a corresponding burner (10).

A burner comprises a central passageway and outlets for fuel and for stabilizing oxidant arranged peripherally around the central passageway, and comprises outlets within the burner through which biasing gas, such as gas comprising oxygen, can be injected to enable control of the direction of the flame that is generated by combustion of the fuel and the oxidant at the face of the burner.

A method of generating syngas as a primary product from renewable feedstock, fossil fuels, or hazardous waste with the use of a cupola. The cupola operates on inductive heat alone, chemically assisted heat, or plasma assisted heat. Cupola operation is augmented by employing carbon or graphite rods to carry electrical current into the metal bath that is influenced by the inductive element. The method includes the steps of providing a cupola for containing a metal bath; and operating an inductive element to react with the metal bath. A combination of fossil fuel, a hazardous waste, and a hazardous material is supplied to the cupola. A plasma torch operates on the metal bath directly, indirectly, or in a downdraft arrangement. Steam, air, oxygen enriched air, or oxygen are supplied to the metal bath. A pregassifier increases efficiency and a duct fired burner is added to a simple cycle turbine with fossil fuel augmentation.

An oxygen injection system for a direct reduction process, including: a common circumferential gas injection header adapted to be coupled to an oxygen source and an enrichment natural gas source and adapted to deliver oxygen from the oxygen source and enrichment natural gas from the enrichment natural gas source to a reducing gas stream flowing through a conduit axially disposed within the common circumferential gas injection header through a plurality of circumferentially disposed ports to form a bustle gas stream; wherein the common circumferential gas injection header includes a circumferential oxygen injection header adapted to deliver the oxygen from the oxygen source to the reducing gas stream through the plurality of circumferentially disposed ports and a circumferential enrichment natural gas injection header adapted to deliver the enrichment natural gas from the enrichment natural gas source to the reducing gas stream through the plurality of circumferentially disposed ports.

A system for melting a pelleted charge material including a furnace having a feed end configured to receive a solid pelleted charge material and a discharge end opposite the feed end configured to discharge a molten charge material and a slag, a conveyor configured to feed the pelleted charge material into the feed end of the furnace, at least one oxy-fuel burner positioned to direct heat into a melting zone near the feed end to heat and at least partially melt the pelleted charge material to form the molten charge material and slag, wherein the oxy-fuel burner uses an oxidant having at least 70% molecular oxygen, and at least one flue for exhausting burner combustion products from the furnace.

The invention relates to a direct-fired heating method and to a facility for implementing same, According to said method, a load is heated in a furnace with heat generated by burning fuel with an oxidant; the smoke generated is evacuated from the furnace, the evacuated smoke containing residual heat energy; residual heat energy is recovered from the evacuated smoke and introduced into a synthesis reactor wherein syngas is produced; and at least part of the syngas is burned in the furnace in order to heat the load.

A material is utilized with an electropositive metal. This can be used as post-oxyfuel process for oxyfuel power stations. Here, an energy circuit is realized by the material utilization. An electropositive metal, in particular lithium, serves as energy store and as central reaction product for the conversion of nitrogen and carbon dioxide into ammonia and methanol. The power station thus operates without CO.sub.2 emissions.