Composition for parenteral administration, method for producing and method use thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a field of veterinary and human medicine. In particular, the invention relates to a composition suitable for parenteral administration, based on hydrolyzate obtained from natural bioresources, a composition for use in treating and/or preventing a pathological condition in a mammal in need thereof, and various other uses thereof. More particularly the invention relates to a composition having immunomodulatory properties being based on a hydrolyzate obtained from bioresources, which composition is used for parenteral administration to a mammal in need thereof.

Claims

1. A method of improving reproductive dysfunction of a mammal in need thereof by administering via injection to said mammal an effective amount of a composition comprising (1) about 1 to 10% wt of a hydrolyzate obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis and/or acid hydrolysis from bioresources, said bioresources selected from the group consisting of floaters (Anodonta), Unio freshwater mussels (Unio), oysters (Ostreidae), mussels (Mytilidae), tridacna (Tridacna), pearl-oysters (Pinctada), scallops (Pectinidae), shipworms (Teredinidae), geoduck (Panopea abrupta), and ocean quahog (Arctica Islandica); and (2) water.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the composition is administered in the amount of 0.05 to 10 ml per 1 kg of a body weight of said mammal, from 1 to 5 times during 24 hours, over total period ranging from 1 to 50 days.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the composition is administered once in the amount of 0.05 ml to 10 ml per 1 kg of a body weight of said mammal.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein said composition is injected subcutaneously, intracutaneously, intramuscularly or intravenously.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein water represents sterile water for injection.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein said mammal is a human.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the mammal is a livestock animal.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(1) Production of the Composition for Parenteral Administration

EXAMPLE 1

(2) 100 kg of ocean quahog (Arctica Islandica) was placed into fermenter, and upon continuous mechanical stirring the apparatus was heated with hot water to 42° C. 1 kg of protosubtilin was added to the fermenter. pH was adjusted to neutral reaction according to pH-meter readouts. Enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out for 40 minutes upon continuous stirring, and then valves were separated by mechanical screening. The resulting solution was supplemented with concentrated hydrochloric acid and underwent acid hydrolysis over 16 hours in a glazed stirred-tank reactor at the temperature of 100-105° C. Upon completion of the hydrolysis process, the resulting solution was vacuum pumped into neutralizing tank, cooled by water circuit and neutralized with a dry alkali to pH value falling in the range of 4-6, while continuous cooling. The neutralized hydrolyzate was stored to settle for 15 days at the ambient temperature of 20° C. Further, vacuum filtration was performed to separate the resulting residue, thereby producing a hydrolyzate solution without solids. The resulting hydrolyzate solution weighting approximately 10 kg was supplemented, upon stirring, with the required amount of distilled water (<<water for injection>>), to provide a solution containing 5% wt of the hydrolyzate. Prior to filling containers with the end-use composition, the composition was subjected to thermal sterilization, followed, where appropriate, by filtration of the solution. Containers with the final composition were stored at the temperature of 4-6° C., out of direct sunlight. Results of chemical examination of the obtained composition are given below.

(3) TABLE-US-00001 an amine nitrogen weight ratio is 0.08% a dry matter weight ratio is 1.5% wt a pH value is 5.7 Micronutrient elements (qualitative composition):  1. Potassium  2. Calcium  3. Magnesium  4. Iron  5. Zink  6. Copper  7. Cadmium  8. Manganese  9. Nickel 10. Chrome 11. Selenium 12. Iodine Amino acid content (including essential amino acids) Fatty acids (lipids)  1. Taurine  1. Tridecyl acid C 13:0  2. Phosphoethanolamine  2. Myristinic acid C 14:0  3. Aspartic acid  3. Tetradecenic acid C 14:1  4. Threonine  4. Pentadecanoic acid C 15:0  5. Serine  5. Palmitic C 16:0  6. Glutamic acid  6. Palmitoleic C 16:1  7. Sarcosine  7. Hexadecadienoic C 16:2  8. Glycine  8. Hexadecapentanoic C 16:5  9. Alanine  9. Heptadecanoic C 17:0 10. Valine 10. Heptadecenoic C 17:1 11. Cystine 11. Heptadienoic C 17:2 12. Methionine 12. Stearic C 18:0 13. Cystathionine 13. Oleic C 18:1 14. Isoleucine 14. Linolic C 18:2 15. Leucine 15. Linolenoic C 18:3 16. Tyrosine 16. Octadecatetraenoic C 18:4 17. Phenylalanine 17. Eicosenoic C 20:1 18. β-alanine 18. Eicosadienoic C 20:2 19. γ-aminoisobutyric 19. Eicosatrienoic C 20:3 20. γ-aminobutyric 20. Arachidonic C 20:4 21. Ethanolamine 21. Eicosapentaenoic C 20:5 22. Ornithine 22. Heptacosapentaenoic C 21:5 23. Lysine 23. Docosanoic C C 20:0 24. Histidine 24. Docosadienoic C 22:1 25. Carnosine 25. Docosenoic C 22:2 26. Arginine 26. Docosatetraenoic C 22:4 27. Oxyproline 27. Docosahexaenic C 22:6 28. Proline 28. Tricosatetraenoic C 23:4 29. Tricosapentaenoic C 23:5 30. Tetracosenoic C 24:1

EXAMPLE 2

(4) 50 kg of krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica) was placed into reactor upon continuous stirring and supplemented with concentrated hydrochloric acid. Acid hydrolysis was carried out for 24 hours in a glazed stirred-tank reactor at the temperature of 100-105° C. Upon completion of the hydrolysis process, the resulting solution was vacuum pumped into neutralizing tank, cooled by water circuit and neutralized with a dry alkali to pH value being in the range from 4 to 6, while continuous cooling. The neutralized hydrolyzate was stored to settle for 20 days at the ambient temperature of 20° C. Further, vacuum filtration was performed to separate the resulting residue, thereby producing a hydrolyzate solution without solids. The obtained hydrolyzate solution was supplemented with the required amount of distilled water (<<water for injection>>) while stirring, to provide a solution containing 5% wt of the hydrolyzate. Prior to filling containers with the end-use composition, the composition was subjected to thermal sterilization, followed, where appropriate, by filtration of the solution. Containers with the final composition were stored at the temperature of 4-6° C., out of direct sunlight. Chemical analysis of the obtained composition is given below. an amine nitrogen weight ratio is 0.10% a dry matter weight ratio is 0.8% wt a pH value is 5.5

(5) TABLE-US-00002 Amino acid Micro- content, Fatty acid nutrient No Amino acid % wt composition of lipids elements 1 taurine 0.020 Myristinic acid C14:0 Potassium 2 aspartic acid 0.042 palmitic acid Calcium C16:0 3 glutamic acid 0.045 palmitoleic acid C16:1 Magnesium 4 Glycine 0.030 heptadienoic acid C17:2 Iron 5 alanine 0.017 stearic acid C18:0 Zink 6 cystine 0.003 oleic acid C18:1 Copper 7 leucine 0.031 linolenoic acid C18:3 Chrome 8 tyrosine 0.0063 eicosenoic acid C20:1 Iodine 9 phenylalanine 0.041 arachidonic acid C20:4 10 gamma-amino- 0.002 eicosapentaenoic acid butyric acid C20:5 11 Ethanolamine 0.003 docosenoic acid C22:2 12 lysine 0.018 docosahexaenic acid C22:6 13 arginine 0.023 tricosatetraenoic acid C23:4 14 proline 0.114 tricosapentaenoic acid C23:5 15 serine 0.018 tetracosenoic acid C24:1 16 histidine 0.008 docosenoic acid C22:2 17 threonine 0.015 18 valine 0.012 19 methionine 0.006 20 isoleucine 0.014
Toxicity Studies of the Composition Based on Bivalve Molluscs

(6) The objectives for the first stage of studies on the composition for parenteral administration, comprising 5% aqueous solution of the hydrolyzate produced in Example 1 (hereinafter referred to as composition A), included the following:

(7) 1. Toxicological and biological assays: definition of acute and subacute toxicity (including irritant and allergenic effects).

(8) 2. Estimation of embryotropic (embryotoxic and teratogenic) effects.

(9) 3. Possible subchronic toxicity testing in several animal species.

(10) Materials and Methods

(11) Experiments were carried out on 115 white rats and 55 white mice using existing pharmacological, toxicological, haematological, biochemical and immunological assays. Some techniques and schemes of toxicity studies of the preparation in laboratory animals and other animal models are provided throughout the disclosure of the experiments.

(12) Experiments were carried out twice with statistical analysis of the results.

(13) Determination of Acute and Subacute Toxicity (Including Irritant and Allergenic Effects)

(14) Acute toxicity of composition A was measured by a single intramuscular administration of therapeutic dose 0.2 ml/animal, and of 2-fold increased and 4-fold increased doses, i.e. 0.4 and 0.8 ml/animal, that is 1600 and 3200 mg/kg. No apparent deviations in animal behavior were observed, rats took food and water willingly. According to toxicological classification, preparation having LD.sub.50 higher than 1000 mg/kg belongs to low toxicity substances. For the composition being studied, this parameter exceeded the dose of 1000 mg/kg by several times.

(15) To determine subchronic toxicity, the preparation in a dose of 0.2 ml/animal (or 800 mg/kg) was administered to rats continuously for 10 days. As well as in the acute experiments, no negative effects of the composition on animals were observed.

(16) Irritation effects were estimated using epicutaneous application. Two groups of white rats with body weight 250-270 g were formed for estimation of possible irritative and allergenic effect of the composition. Each group consisted of 5 animals. For the first group, the composition for parenteral administration was applied for 20 days onto shaved areas on the backs (1.5×2 cm) and hips (1×0.5 cm), and onto conjunctiva of animals, while for the second group 0.9% sodium chloride solution was applied.

(17) The following parameters were taken into account during the experiment: onset of conjunctival hyperaemia; cutaneous and palpebral edema, development of inflammation, skin reaction (erythema, rash) while using the preparations. Observations on experimental laboratory animals showed no allergenic and local irritant effects of the composition. No skin reaction manifesting as erythema or rash was observed on shaved areas on backs and hips.

(18) Effects of the composition for parenteral administration and these of normal saline solution on eye mucosa and shaven back and hip areas of white rats are presented in Table 1.

(19) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 1 Parameters 1.sup.st group 2.sup.nd group Skin hyperemia absent absent Cutaneous edema absent absent Eyelids condition unchanged unchanged Conjunctivitis absent absent Keratitis absent absent Lacrimation absent absent Pain reaction absent absent

(20) The provided data show that the composition A does not have local irritant allergenic effect. Eye mucosa and eyelids of the white rats stayed in satisfactory condition, signs of inflammation, edema, skin hyperemia and lacrimation were absent and no pain reaction was observed after application of the solutions. Overall condition of the white rats was satisfactory; they were physically active and took food and water willingly.

(21) Skin capillary permeability, considered as secondary endpoint for evaluation of the irritant effect, was measured by McClure-Aldrich test. The test consists in intracutaneous administration of 0.2 ml of physiological solution to experimental animals, into the area whereto the studied preparation was applied, and into symmetrical control area, on the 15.sup.th day of experiment. Time of salt blister resorption in both areas was recorded. The studies showed that the preparations do not influence skin capillary permeability.

(22) Definition of Embryotropic Effect of the Composition (Embryotoxic and Teratogenic)

(23) Embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of the composition A were estimated according to guidelines published by A. G. Tretyakov (1988).

(24) Possible embryotoxic effects of the preparation were tested on 15 pregnant female rats weighing 150-180 g, and 3 males of first and second generation. Males were introduced to females at estrus and proestrus at evening hours, one male for each 4 females. Detection of sperm in vaginal swabs the next morning was considered the first day of gestation. The studies began with administration of therapeutic dose of the composition—0.2 ml per capita. The composition was administered intramuscularly during the period from 1.sup.st to 17.sup.th day of gestation. Control animals were administered normal saline solution intramuscularly over the same period and in the same dosage.

(25) Gestation course was surveyed by examination of vaginal swabs of the female rats on the days 4-5 after insemination and gestation course on gestation days 10 to 11 and by weighing the females on gestation days 1, 7, 14 and 20. On 20th day of gestation the females were decapitated; numbers of yellow bodies of pregnancy in ovaries and numbers of implantation sites was calculated.

(26) To determine embryotoxic effects of the composition A, pre-implantation zygote death (difference between the number of yellow bodies of pregnancy in ovaries and number of implantation sites in uterus, to total number of yellow bodies), postimplantational fetal death (i.e., difference between the number of implantation sites and the number of alive fetuses in uterus, to the number of implantation sites) and total fetal mortality (difference between the number of yellow bodies of pregnancy and number of alive fetuses, as percents of the yellow bodies number in ovaries), were calculated.

(27) No disorders during pregnancy were detected upon administration of composition A to pregnant rats in the dose of 0.2 ml per capita in said time points of embryogenesis and organogenesis (gestation days 1 to 17); animals took water and food willingly. Furthermore, no disorders were detected by examination of internal organs using Wilson's method and of skeletal system using Dawson's method.

(28) Key parameters, i. e., preimplantation zygote death—equal to 1.90 in the test group and 2.3% in the control group, postimplantational fetal death—equal to 1.92 and 2.0%, respectively, total fetal mortality—equal to 3.3 and 3.46%, respectively, were close in value, indicative of no embryotoxic effects of the composition. Weight, size and number of fetuses and fetoplacental index in test and control groups were not statistically different and fell within physiological range. For example, mean number of fetuses per one female upon administration of the preparation was equal to 8.9±0.06 against 8.7±0.06 in the control group, weight equal to 2093.3±8.3 and 2010.2±5.1 mg and size equal to 2.7±0.9 and 2.7±0.1 cm, respectively.

(29) Visual inspection and microscopic examination of internal organs by Wilson's method revealed no fetal malformations in rats which were administered the preparation (no external and internal abnormalities).

(30) Microscopic examination of fetal skeletal bones by Dawson's method showed that the studied composition did not cause abnormalities in fetal skeletal system throughout the embryonic period.

(31) The absence of fetal skeletal system abnormalities is confirmed by identical weights of test and control animals and fetoplacental indices (26.97 and 27.60, respectively).

(32) It was established that composition A administered in a dose of 0.2 ml per capita daily throughout gestation (1.sup.st to 17.sup.th day) was neither embryotoxic nor teratogenic. The animals tolerated daily administration of the composition well, and the data resulting from the study of materials obtained from them, i.e., weight and size of fetuses, condition of the internal organs and the skeletal system, were identical (in specific series, weight and size of fetuses and particular bones sizes were even greater) relative to that of control animals, that was further confirmed by probability levels equal to or higher than 0.05 (P 0.05).

(33) Therefore, composition A does not cause second-generation embryotoxic and teratogenic effects in laboratory animals.

(34) Local Farm Scale Tests on Possible Subchronic Toxicity of the Composition in Various Animal Species.

(35) Experiments were carried out on cows, calves, weaner piglets and dogs.

(36) Composition A was administered intramuscularly for the duration of 10 days in the following dosages: to cows—10 ml/animal; to calves (live weight 30-33 kg)—5 ml/animal; to piglets (live weight 9.3 kg)—2 ml/animal; to dogs (live weight 35-40 kg)—5 ml/animal.

(37) Overall clinical condition, appetite and possible adverse events in animal behavior were considered during daily monitoring of the animals. Certain haematological and immunobiochemical parameters were measured in blood samples taken at the beginning and at the end of experiment. In piglets and calves, initial and final live weight was measured.

(38) Tests on Cows. It was established that daily administration of the above composition to cows in a dose of 10 ml/animal did not adversely affect external behavior of the animals, which took their feeding ration and water as usual. No negative impact on the animals' behavior was revealed. Neither were statistically significant differences in erythrocytes count, WBC count and haemoglobin content revealed by haematological analyses. Biochemical analyses showed a certain decrease in carotin and total protein content in blood serum; however these changes were not significant. Concentrations of calcium and phosphorus in blood serum were within normal ranges, no variations of indices obtained prior to and at the end of the experiment were recorded. Administration of the composition had a beneficial effect consisting in possibility of an earlier (by 7-10 days) fertilization in 6 out of 10 experimental cows.

(39) Tests on Calves. The composition was administered to calves immediately after birth. No adverse events in their behavior were observed. Conversely, only 3 out of 10 calves got diarrhea, though this ratio averages between approximately 67-75%. Blood analysis revealed that haematological parameters were almost the same before and after administration of the composition. As regards biochemical parameters, a trend toward increasing total protein levels was observed, though the difference was statistically non-significant. At the same time, the experimental calves had a higher body weight at the age of one month (51.3+2.1 kg against 50.1+2.7 kg in control calves), and recorded incidence of bronchopneumonia was lower in these animals.

(40) Tests on Piglets. Composition A was injected to piglets 10-13 days before weaning. No deviations in piglets' behavior were observed. Neither were differences between initial and final data regarding formed elements count, and Ca and P levels, detected in blood. However, a trend toward increasing total protein content was observed, to manifest later in a 3.7±0.2% higher live weight as compared to control animals.

(41) Tests on Dogs. Tests were conducted on dogs of middle age group (5-7 years). It was found that intramuscular administration of composition A in the dose of 5 ml/animal over 10 days had no negative impact on dogs' behavioral reactions. The animals took food and water willingly. Furthermore, haematological parameters did not change throughout the experiment.

(42) The above described studies on laboratory and livestock animals confirmed low toxicity of the composition A, in particular, lack of embryotropic effect.

EXAMPLE 3

Immunostimulative, Adaptogenic, Growth-promoting and Wound Healing Effects of Composition A

(43) Materials and Methods

(44) Tests were conducted on 84 white rats and 36 white mice using pharmacological, haematological, biochemical and immunologic assays known in the art. Upon studying beneficial effects of composition A on the organisms of laboratory animals, certain haematological and immunobiological indices of the test and control animals were considered. Haematological parameters were evaluated in blood specimens by methods known in the art: white blood cells count per 1 cubic millimeter using Gorjaev's chamber. The following immunobiological indices were counted: blood protein content, glucose, phagocytosis and a number of other parameters, characterizing condition of an organism. The total protein content in blood serum was measured by refractometric analysis. Refractive index of blood serum depends mainly on the amount of proteins.

(45) Glucose concentration was measured using the ortho-toluidine method based on staining of glucose compound with ortho-toluidine in acetic acid solution, the intensity of said being proportional to the glucose concentration.

(46) Immunoglobulin G content in blood serum was measured using Mancini's method (1965) in modification by L. S. Kolabskaya et al. (1975). This method consists in formation of precipitin ring as the result of interaction of the mixture of agar and immunoglobulin antiserum with antigen of the studied serum, introduced into wells of an agar plate. Precipitate area, as a squared ring diameter, is directly proportional to the antibodies concentration in agar. In this case, the concentration of the test antigen and the precipitate area are linearly dependent.

(47) Study of phagocytic activity is based on in vitro evaluation of the peripheral neutrophils capacity (opsonophagocytosis assay, OPA) in tested animals to phagocytize (to engulf) microbial cells. White Staphylococcus Staph. albus is employed as a test culture for OPA.

(48) The intensity of phagocytosis was measured on the basis of phagocytic activity (PA), phagocytic number (PN) and phagocytic index (PI).

(49) Phagocytic activity (PA) is a percentage of phagocytizing neutrophils in total neutrophil count. Phagocytic index (PI) is a number of engulfed microbial cells (m.c.), per one neutrophil, in total neutrophil count. Phagocytic number (PN) is a number of microbal cells in one active (phagocytizing) neutrophil.

(50) The tests were repeated twice and the results obtained were statistically analysed.

(51) 3.1 Immunostimulative Effect

(52) Composition A was administered intramuscularly to experimental white rats (three groups, each consisting of 6 animals) over 5 days in a dose of 0.2 ml/animal. Blood phagocytic index (PI), phagocytic activity (PA) and phagocytic number (PN) and immunoglobulins A and G for immunological parameters (Tables 2, 3) were evaluated. Phagocytic activity provided by the composition was compared to that of the well-known immunomodulator evinton. Evinton is comprised of: Thuja D6, Vincetoxicum D4, Echinacea purpurea D4 and normal saline solution.

(53) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 2 Groups of Phagocytic animals Phagocytic index Phagocytic activity number Composition A  8.2 ± 1.42 50.0 ± 1.24  19.6 ± 1.47 Evinton 10.0 ± 1.34 60.0 ± 1.45 15.33 ± 1.29 Control 6.72 ± 1.87 33.33 ± 1.39   8.0 ± 1.64

(54) TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 3 Groups of animals Immunoglobulin A Immunoglobulin G Composition A 2.99 ± 0.59 8.06 ± 1.57 Evinton  2.9 ± 0.62 7.42 ± 1.32 Control 1.85 ± 0.37 6.85 ± 0.32

(55) The obtained results indicate that the use of the composition promotes the increase in phagocytic activity of neutrophils relative to the control group; also, production of immunoglobulin G was somewhat higher relative to the effect of Evinton and to the control group of white rats.

(56) Thus, composition A has a certain immunostimulatory effect on test animals organisms and increases cellular and humoral immunity indices.

(57) 3.2. Adaptogenic (Antistress) Properties

(58) The test was conducted on 12 rats, 4 animals being in each of three groups. Stress in experimental white rats was induced using a shaking machine simulating transport (physical) stress. The box with animals was placed onto the shaker and held atop the operating machine for 30-40 min. The most informative parameters, characterizing the onset and development of stress response (stress mediators): glucose, total protein and leukocytes (WBC) levels, were measured in blood of the white rats.

(59) Composition A was administered to the animals of the 1.sup.st group intramuscularly 3 days previous to stress induction in a dose of 0.2 ml. 2.5% solution of neuroleptic agent aminazin in a dose of 0.5 mg per capita was administered to the animals of the 2.sup.nd group. A normal saline solution was administered intramuscularly to the animals of the 3.sup.rd (control) group. Rats' blood examination to estimate the above parameters was performed 1 h and 24 h after stress induction.

(60) Laboratory data indicate that glucose and WBC levels increase and total protein content decreases under stress.

(61) By way of example, glucose concentration in the group receiving composition A was 4.97±0.1 mmol/L against 6.46±0.45 mmol/L in the group receiving aminazin and 10.0±0.7 mmol/L in the control group as early as 1 h after stress induction. This variable increased to 5.42±0.2 mmol/L, 6.25±0.3 mmol/L and 8.33±0.4 mmol/L, respectively, 24 hours after stress induction. Values of laboratory blood tests 1 h and 24 h after stress induction are represented in Tables 4 and 5, respectively.

(62) TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 4 Haematological parameters 1 hour after stress induction Glucose Total Leukocytes Group mmol/L protein, g/L (WBC), 10.sup.3/uL Composition A 4.97 ± 0.1 67.5 ± 1.2 5.6 ± 1.7 Aminazin  6.46 ± 0.45 66.0 ± 0.5 4.3 ± 0.4 Isotonic NaCl solution 10.0 ± 0.7 66.0 ± 0.9  5.8 ± 0.52 (Normal saline solution)

(63) TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 5 Haematological parameters in white rats 24 hours after stress induction Glucose, Total Leukocytes Group mmol/L protein, g/L (WBC), 10.sup.3/uL Composition A 5.42 ± 0.2 72.7 ± 2.3 5.6 ± 0.1 Aminazin 6.25 ± 0.3 72.4 ± 1.6 6.1 ± 0.3 Normal NaCl solution 8.33 ± 0.4 66.2 ± 2.5 7.05 ± 0.2 
3.3. Study of Growth-promoting Effect

(64) The influence of composition A on growth and development of the laboratory animals was studied on 18 white mice weighing 19-23 g. 3 groups, each consisting of 6 animals, were formed. “Evinton>>, a complex homeopathic preparation for animals, was used as a comparative agent. All animals were weighed before and after the experiment. At the end of the experiment, specimens of blood were taken for clinical and immunobiochemical analysis. During the experiment, which lasted for 15 days, the animals did not show signs of anxiety, took food and drank water willingly. The highest mobility was observed in animals of the test group, which were administered a dose of 0.1 ml of composition A per capita subcutaneously. Animals of the comparison group were administered a dose of 0.1 ml of complex homeopathic preparation for animals “Evinton>> per capita subcutaneously. A normal saline solution was administered in a dose of 0.1 ml per capita subcutaneously to the control group. Course of administration of the preparations was 3 days.

(65) The best values of weight gain relative to control animals were obtained upon using composition A. The data are represented in Table 6.

(66) TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 6 Growth-promoting effect of the preparations Body weight Body Weight before weight by gain Weight gain Groups experiment the end of within 10 relative to of animals (g) experiment (g) days (g) controls (%) Composition A 25.75 ± 0.692 32.0 ± 0.75 6.25 ± 0.62 113.6 Evinton 24.75 ± 0.56  30.75 ± 0.56   6.0 ± 0.56 105.1 Control 21.5 ± 1.19 27.0 ± 1.4   5.5 ± 1.34 100.0
3.4. Study of the Composition's Wound Healing Activity

(67) Wound healing goes through three main phases: inflammation, regeneration, and remodeling of the scar and epithelialization. Sluggish wound process with a slow growth of granulations and delayed epithelialization may occur at any phase of healing.

(68) For estimation of the wound healing effect of composition A, tests were conducted on 6 rats, weighting 250 g, each group consisting of 4 animals. Back areas 2×2 cm were theretofore shaven, dehaired skin being cleaned of impurities; then, the skin was grasped with surgical forceps and a 1 cm long scalpel incision was made.

(69) The progress of experimental wound healing was evaluated by the following parameters: 1. Visual observations time point when granulations appear in the wound closure of the wound bed by granulation filling of the wound chamber with granulations quality of the granulations progress of epithelialization condition of tissues surrounding the wound. 2. Recording wound area changes. 3. Scab shedding was considered to be the time of completed wound healing.

(70) During the experiment, composition A was administered to the test group intramuscularly in therapeutic dose of 0.2 ml per capita over 4 days. Control animals were administered normal saline solution intramuscularly in the same dosage over the same period.

(71) Granulations appeared in the wounds on the 2.sup.nd day in both groups, the wound bed closure and filling of the wound chamber with granulations in both the test and the control groups was observed on the 5th day from the beginning of the experiment. In the course of the experiment, wound area contraction by 0.3 cm was observed in the test group on the 4th day; no wound area contraction was observed during this period in the control group.

(72) The duration of complete wound healing was 6 days in the test group and 8 days in the control group.

(73) The above studies have revealed a number of pharmacological benefits of composition A such as immunostimulative, adaptogenic, growth-promoting and wound healing effects. Recommendations on use of composition A for increasing productivity and natural resistance of animal organism were developed on the basis of the undertaken studies and the results obtained.

(74) Clinical data obtained in laboratory animal models provided the basis for the tests on livestock and domestic animals, the results of which are given below.

EXAMPLE 4

Influence of the Composition on Leucogram and Bone Metabolism in Blood of the Nursery Piglets

(75) Tests were conducted for 2 weeks on piglets aged 45 and 65 days (n=15) kept in the conditions of a pigsty. There were 2 groups of animals: the test group of animals to which composition A was administered intramuscularly once per 24 hours in the dose of 2 ml per capita, every other day over 14 days, and the control group of animals not getting special treatment. Animals were recruited into groups according to an analogue method.

(76) The results of studying the effects of the composition on electrolyte exchange and bone metabolism in piglets' blood are represented in Table 7.

(77) TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 7 No Control group Test group Π/ Before After Before After Π Variable Units experiment experiment 1. calcium mmol\L 2.32 ± 0.3  2.4 ± 0.5 2.52 ± 0.5  2.4 ± 0.6 2. phospho- mmol\L 1.83 ± 0.3  1.78 ± 0.5  1.76 ± 0.3  1.84 ± 0.27 rus 3. alkaline IU\L 87.8 ± 7.8  86.2 ± 5.5  60.9 ± 2.7  39.5 ± 1.2  phospha- tase

(78) The following conclusion can be derived from the research results: piglets of the control group exhibit imbalance of calcium:phosphorus ratio, as well as increased levels of alkaline phosphatase, that may indicate (regardless of age-related changes) inflammatory processes affecting intestinal mucosa, juvenile osteodystrophy, rickets-like conditions.

(79) Improvement was recorded after two weeks of application of the composition in piglets of the test group relative to the control group: appetite back to normal, animals more active.

(80) Biochemical variables dynamics was the following: alkaline phosphatase level decreased by 35.1%, calcium and phosphorus levels came close to physiological range in contrast to animals of the control group, not exhibiting changes of said biochemical parameters.

(81) Therefore, use of composition A promotes normalization of calcium-phosphorus metabolism and thus it can be recommended for use in combined treatment of osteo-articular pathologies.

(82) The results of studying the composition influence on weaner piglets' blood leucogram are shown in Table 8.

(83) TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 8 Control group Test group Reference Before After Before After Parameter Units Range experiment experiment experiment experiment Leukocytes thous/uL;  8.7-37.9 10.9 ± 1.2  15.1 ± 2.1  11.05 ± 1.6  16.1 ± 2.5  (WBC) 10.sup.9/Π Juvenile % 0-2 0.15 ± 0.02 0.17 ± 0.01 0.14 ± 0.02 0.17 ± 0.12 neutrophils Band % 2-4  1.9 ± 0.04  1.01 ± 0.011 1.85 ± 0.3  3.5 ± 0.7 neutrophils Segmento % 40-48 65.45 ± 12.1  59.21 ± 9.8  64.3 ± 14.4 55.2 ± 8.9  nuclear neutrophils Eosinophils % 1-3  0.8 ± 0.01  0.9 ± 0.012 0.85 ± 0.03  1.6 ± 0.04 Basophils % 0-1  0.7 ± 0.013 0.78 ± 0.01 0.73 ± 0.13 1.3 ± 0.3 Monocytes % 2-6  3.5 ± 0.24 4.2 ± 0.9  3.6 ± 0.23  3.1 ± 0.07 Lymphocytes % 40-50 27.5 ± 3.1  32.73 ± 3.6  28.53 ± 4.7  37.13 ± 4.9 

(84) These findings display the reduction of lymphocytes, basophils and eosinophils in piglets, whilst levels of segmented neutrophils are increasing; these alterations may be indicative of protective and adaptive response to stress in animal organisms. Improvement was recorded after two weeks of application of the composition in piglets of the test group in contrast to these of the control group: appetite back to normal, animals behave more actively. Haematological parameters were closer to physiological values in the test group relative to the control group. Therefore, composition A can be recommended for combined corrective treatment of postweaning stress in livestock.

EXAMPLE 5

Study of Detoxifying Properties of the Composition

(85) 17 dogs with acute piroplasmosis confirmed by presence of Babesia parasites in peripheral smears were followed up. Condition of all animals was regarded as severe: rectal temperature up to 41.0° C., mucous membranes pale and icteric, dark urine with blood, decreased appetite down to food refusal, gait disorders, general weakness; in some cases, fainting.

(86) Piro-Stop (“po-CTO”) drug was employed as a specific therapy (twice, intramuscularly, at 24 hour intervals). Composition A was used in an amount 5-15 ml (depending on animal weight) intravenously (by stream infusion) once every 24 hours in addition to conventional therapy (Ringer-Lockes solution intravenously, 60 drops/min, 10-15 ml/kg 2 times per 24 hours, heart preparations). In most severe cases the preparation was administered 2 times per 24 hours intravenously during first 2-3 days, followed by single intramuscular administrations every 24 hours.

(87) It was observed that the use of the above composition substantially increased the treatment efficacy relative to conventional therapy. For example, the overall condition of all patient animals improved significantly as early as 3-5 hours after the very first administration of the composition. The animals regained appetite quickly, body temperature and cardiac rate being decreased. In all dogs, haemoglobin values returned to normal by the end of the 2.sup.nd week from the beginning of treatment.

(88) Detoxification effect of the above composition is due to hepatoprotective properties, as confirmed by the results of liver function dynamic analysis in sick animals. Normalization of ALT, AST, albumin, GGT, globulin, total protein, prothrombin and alkaline phosphatase levels, and positive dynamics of total bilirubin and indirect bilirubin fraction and amylase levels were observed upon even a single intravenous administration of the composition.

(89) Thus, the composition of the present disclosure has a strong detoxifying effect, in particular due to its hepatoprotective properties.

EXAMPLE 6

Influence of the Composition on Musculoskeletal System in Dogs

(90) Composition A was used as a mono- and complex therapy in dogs with age-related changes of musculoskeletal system. The group consisted of 5 dogs with normal and excess weight. The core symptoms manifested in animals as apathy, absence of appetite, refusal to walk, lameness of varying severity and various pain syndromes. The examination of the animals' joint stiffness, pain reaction to spine palpation (thoracic and lumbar regions). Radiographs revealed various degrees of hip joint arthrosis and spine osteochondrosis.

(91) Three Russian hunting sighthounds aged 13 years and weighting approximately 25 kg (normal) were administered a dose of 5 ml of the composition, comprising 5% aqueous solution of the hydrolyzate derived from bivalve molluscs meat, intramuscularly, every other day, for a total of 15 injections.

(92) The above composition was prescribed to the Airedale terrier aged 12 years (female), suffering from overweight with spine tenderness, in a dose of 4 ml intramuscularly every other day in an amount of 10 injections. The above composition was prescribed to the English bulldog aged 10 years, suffering from obesity and lack of activity, as part of complex therapy: 4 ml intramuscularly every other day, for a total of 10 injections, 2 ml of bonharen intravenously once a week in the amount of 4 injections, 10 ml of Kynosil once a day over 2 months. Specimens of blood were collected from dogs for clinical and biochemical analyses before and after administration of the preparations. After the course of treatment, the animals' condition has changed drastically: in all dogs, appetite restored, physical activity increased, alkaline phosphatase levels fell from excess to normal, alanine transaminase (ALT) decreased, urea level increased while staying within normal range; taken together, all these indicate beneficial effects of composition A on the condition of musculoskeletal system and liver function.

EXAMPLE 7

Treating Pathological Conditions in Dogs

(93) Provided hereafter are the results of using composition A in treating various pathologies in dogs. 1). English Bulldog Age: 1 year and 3 months Weight: 30 kg

(94) Diagnosis: demodecosis, urine acid diathesis, streptoderma: areas affected are the entire head, cheeks, forehead, areas between and behind ears, all covered in purulent crust, moist eczema.

(95) Treatment regime: common symptomatic treatment, and Composition A in the dose of 3 ml intramuscularly, once a day for 5 days.

(96) Results in a week: dry, healing skin; edema and itching absent, no pus. Clean healing skin. 2). Dobermann Age: 2 years 6 months Weight: 23 kg

(97) Diagnosis: Severe leanness despite good nutrition and no helminthes or parasites. Dandruff on skin, bilirubin in urine.

(98) Treatment regime: Composition A in the dosage of 5 ml, i.m., once a day, for 5 days.

(99) Results in a month: weight gain 2 kg, bilirubin is normal, hair clean and shiny. 3). American Bulldog Age: 5 years Weight: 60 kg

(100) Diagnosis: Leptospirosis. Symptoms: otopyosis, bloody diarrhea, vomiting.

(101) Treatment regime: Drip infusion and symptomatic treatment, as well as composition A in the dose of 5 ml i.m. once a day, for 5 days.

(102) Results: vomiting and diarrhea stopped within 2 days, clinical blood and urine were back to normal within a week after initiation of treatment. No relapse was observed within 4 months. 4). Dalmatian dog Age: 1 year and 7 months Weight: 22 kg

(103) Diagnosis: Trichophytia accompanied by allergic dermatitis. The entire back and sides affected.

(104) Treatment regimen: symptomatic treatment.

(105) Treatment for a month was ineffective.

(106) Treatment regimen: 5 injections of composition A, each 3 ml, i.m., every second day.

(107) Results after two weeks: all symptoms disappeared, clean hair. 5). Yorkshire terrier Age: 1.5 months Weight: 1 kg

(108) Diagnosis: Combined revaccination was done one week before its due time; temperature of 41.6, bronchopneumonia, unilateral purulent discharge from the eyes and nose 4 days later.

(109) Treatment regimen: symptomatic treatment and 1 ml of Composition A 5:0, i.m., once a day, for 5 days.

(110) Results after two days: body temperature back to normal, purulent discharge and lung rales are absent. 6). Kurzhaar (German shorthaired pointer) Age: 12 years Weight: 17 kg

(111) Diagnosis: Chronic leptospirosis. Body temperature of approximately 40 degrees over the period of two months, tenderness of liver and kidneys, cachexia, dandruff, skin odour, hardly walks, appetite absent. Conventional therapy is ineffective.

(112) Treatment regimen for the first week: high doses of antibiotics; symptomatic treatment. Clinical blood count normalized, but all the symptoms continued.

(113) Treatment regimen: Withdrawal of antibiotics, symptomatic treatment of liver and kidney; Composition A in the dose of 3 ml i.m. once a day for 5 days.

(114) Results after two days: body temperature back to normal, state of the liver and kidneys improved within 3 weeks, dandruff disappeared, hair coat and appetite improved.

(115) Relapse two months later: infectious arthritis—two injections of the composition, each 3 ml, i.m., once a day.

(116) All symptoms were gone.

EXAMPLE 8

Canine Piroplsmosis: Comparative Study of the Present Composition with Oral Conventional Products

(117) The present example demonstrates the effectiveness of the present composition administered parenterally to dogs suffering from piroplasmosis as compared to oral administration of conventional products

(118) The study includes 45 dogs suffering from piroplasmosis. In addition to clinical signs, diagnostics included examination of peripheral blood smears for the presence of Babesia.

(119) The dogs suffered from severe piroplasmosis symptoms including rectal temperature 39.7-41,0° C., dark bloody urine, reduced appetite, food refusal, pale mucous membranes, general weakness, in some cases fainting and gait failure disorders.

(120) As a general therapy the dogs were administered PiroStop intramuscularly (by weight, twice during 24 hours) along with Ringer-Lockes solution (I.V., 60 drops per minute, 10-15 ml/kgB.I.D.), and cardiovascular supportive drugs.

(121) Further the dogs were uniformly divided into 3 groups including

(122) Group 1: animals receiving the above-identified general therapy,

(123) Group 2: animals administered 10-30 ml (depending on body weight) of the composition comprising sea mussels undiluted hydrolizate 1-2 times per day orally, in addition to the general therapy,

(124) Group 3: animals administered 5-15 ml (depending on animal's body weight) of the composition representing 5% aqueous solution of the hydrolizate via intravenous infusion, 1-2 times daily, in addition to the general therapy.

(125) The selection of animals in each group was made with maximum possible uniformity taking a general condition, age, body weight, and breed of the dogs into account.

(126) As a result of the therapy no statistically significant difference in animals' condition and duration of recovery was revealed between Groups 1 and 2. The number of deceased animals was 3 in Group 1, and 2 in Group 2, all of the animals surviving in Group 3.

(127) In Group 3, dogs with severe symptoms were treated via intravenous administration two times a day over the first 2-3 days followed by daily intramuscular administration. The general condition of the affected animals was found to improve significantly in 3-5 hours after initial infusion of the composition. Animals having the disease of moderate and mild severity regained appetite. The dogs experienced rapid reduction of toxicity reactions. Haemoglobin parameters were back to normal in all of the dogs within about 3 weeks. The clear reduction of intoxication symptoms is observable immediately after its intravenous administration. Beneficial effect on main parameters of animals' liver function was shown over the course of the composition application. Normalization of ALAT, AAT, albumine, GGT, globulins, total protein, prothrombin and alkaline phosphatase levels was observed. Further, the improvement of total bilirubin and indirect bilirubin fraction as well as amylase was observed.

(128) On the other hand, haemoglobin parameters and normalization of ALAT, AAT, albumin, GGT, globulins, total protein, prothrombin and alkaline phosphatise levels occurred significantly later (in 6-14 days) in animals of Groups 1 and 2 as compared to Group 3. The dogs in Group 2 and 3 was getting back to normal condition unevenly and there was a long-lasting lack of appetite. Physical condition recovery after the formal recovery took 1-2 months longer in animals of Group 1 and Group 2 as compared to the animals of Group 3.

EXMAPLE 9

Improvement of Reproductive Function in Cows

(129) The present example illustrates the method of improving reproductive function in cows. More specifically the present example demonstrates the effectiveness of the present composition administered via injection to cows suffering form ovarian hypofunction as compared to oral administration of conventional products.

(130) Low efficiency of insemination in cows is a problem of current concern in the farms of Northwest Russia. This can be explained by various reasons varying from housing and feeding conditions to semen material quality. The ratio of cows diagnosed with ovarian hypofunction in a number of farms is up to 70%.

(131) A study was performed to estimate the influence of the present composition on insemination efficiency in cows suffering from ovarian hypofunction.

(132) The cows were divided into 3 groups.

(133) Group 1: a control group;

(134) Group 2: animals receiving oral administration of a hydrolizate produced from sea mussels;

(135) Group 3: animals receiving the composition representing 5% aqueous solution of the hydrolizate via intramuscular injections.

(136) Each group included 20 cows uniformally selected on the basis of age, intensity of the identified ovarian hypofunction and time of last calving. Artificial insemination was conducted according to standard well-proven procedure in all groups for the first time immediately after oestrus confirmation and for the next time at 12 hours thereafter.

(137) Group 1 did not receive any medication. The animals of Group 2 were given to drink the preparation twice including 20 ml immediately after oestrus confirmation (prior to the first insemination), and then immediately after the second insemination. The animals of Group 3 received a first intramuscular injection of 10 ml immediately after oestrus confirmation (prior to the first insemination), and the second intramuscular injection of 10 ml immediately after the second insemination.

(138) As a result, Group 1 was found to comprise 12 calvers, Group 2 was found to comprise 12 calvers, and Group 3 was found to comprise 17 calvers.

(139) The results of the present example demonstrate that the oral administration of the conventional hydrolizate has no substantial influence on animal condition and reproductive function. However use of the injectable composition according to the present invention results in a rapid detoxification and recovery of haematological parameters, and reduces lethality rates for canine piroplasmosis as well as improves reproductive function in cows having ovarian hypofunction.

(140) The embodiments described hereinabove are further intended to explain best modes known of practicing it and to enable others skilled in the art to utilize the disclosure in such, or other, embodiments and with the various modifications required by the particular applications or uses. Accordingly, the description is not intended to limit it to the form disclosed herein. Also, it is intended that the appended claims be construed to include alternative embodiments.