MACERATOR FOR UTILISATION OF HOSPITAL WASTE, IN PARTICULAR CELLULOSE PULP

Abstract

A macerator is disclosed for utilisation of hospital waste, in particular cellulose pulp, to be used in hospitals, nursing homes and other facilities which require the utilisation ofhygiene products such as diapers, disposable paper bed sheets and other personal hygiene products, such as cellulose-base urinals and bedpans with their contents, that is, excreta. In the bottom zone a truncated cone shape grinder is placed, with slots separating the charge chamber from the discharge chamber, whereas on the motor axis a plate is located, bent at the end in parallel to the grinder surface, with slots in the bend, and moreover on the plate on the charge chamber side at least two shaped grinding knives are located, and within its end zone at least two squeezers, whereas under the plate from the discharge chamber side at least two scrapers are installed.

Claims

1. Macerator for the utilisation of hospital waste, in particular cellulose pulp, in the form of a tank connected to a water supply system, a system connected with the sewage system drain, closed with a tight cover, having inside knives for charge grinding placed on the axis of an electric motor, wherein in the bottom zone a truncated cone shape grinder is placed, with slots, separating the charge chamber from the discharge chamber, whereas on the motor axis a plate is located, bent at the end in parallel to the grinder surface, with slots in the bend, and moreover on the plate on the charge chamber side at least two shaped grinding knives are located, and within its end zone at least two squeezers, whereas under the plate from the discharge chamber side at least two scrapers are installed.

2. Macerator in accordance with the claim 1, wherein the motor has a unit for changing the rotation speed and direction of rotation.

3. Macerator in accordance with the claim 1, wherein the plate is mounted on the motor axis using spacer rings.

4. Macerator in accordance with the claim 1, wherein the discharge chamber is connected with the sewage system.

5. Macerator in accordance with the claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the bowl-shaped cover, within its top zone from the inside of the macerator, it has a cavity connected with the water mains pipe by a valve, wherein in the cavity a water stream shape controller is placed on a threaded connection, with a mushroom-like shape with a shaped external surface and a shaped internal surface and a stem connected by a thread with the casing, whereas the controller has within the stem an internal tunnel connected with a pipe of the venting system.

6. Macerator in accordance with the claim 1, wherein the body of the macerator tank is placed on a frame of the casing on hangers mounted each to the frame support through an elastic ring.

Description

[0039] The subject of the invention, in an example, but not limiting, implementation was presented in diagrams on the figure, whereas on FIG. 1 the macerator was shown in a vertical cross section passing through its vertical axis, on FIG. 2 the grinding unit was shown in a vertical cross-section passing through its vertical axis, on FIG. 3 the unit was shown in a top view, on FIG. 4 the “A” detail from FIG. 1 was shown, on FIG. 5 the cover was shown in a vertical cross-section passing through the axis of the tunnel and the lengthwise axis of the cover arm, on FIG. 6 the cover was shown in a view of its external surface, whereas on FIG. 7 the “C” detail from FIG. 5 was shown.

[0040] The macerator for utilisation of hospital waste, in particular cellulose pulp, has a tank 1 rigidly connected with a water supply system, a system connected with the sewage outlet, not shown on the figure, closed by a tight cover 2. Inside it there's a charge grinding unit 4 placed on the axis of the electric motor 3. The charge grinding unit 4 has a truncated cone shape grinder 5 placed in the bottom zone of the tank 1, with radial slots 6. The grinder 5 separates the charge chamber 7 from the discharge chamber 8. The unit on the axis of the motor 3 has a placed plate 9, bent at the end in parallel to the grinder 5 surface, with radial slots 11 in the bend 10. On the plate 9 on the charge chamber 7 side at least two shaped grinding knives 12 are located, and within its end zone at least two squeezers 13. Under the plate 9 from the discharge chamber 8 side at least two scrapers 14 are installed.

[0041] There are versions where the motor 3 has a unit for changing the rotation speed and direction of rotation.

[0042] There are also versions, where the plate 9 is mounted on the motor 3 axis using spacer rings 15.

[0043] There are also versions, where the drain chamber 8 is connected with the sewage system outlet 16.

[0044] Moreover there are versions where in the inner wall 17 of the bowl-shaped cover 2, within its top zone from the inside of the macerator, there is a cavity 18 connected with the water mains pipe 19 by a valve, wherein in the cavity 18 a water stream shape controller 20 is placed on a threaded connection, with a mushroom-like shape with a shaped external surface and a shaped internal surface and a stem 21 connected by a thread with the casing, whereas the controller has within the stem 21 an internal tunnel 22 connected with a pipe 23 of the venting system.

[0045] Moreover there are versions where the body of the macerator tank 1 is placed on a frame 24 of the casing on hangers 25, mounted each to the frame 24 support 26 through an elastic ring 27.

[0046] The charge in the form of a diaper or another paper container with excreta is placed within the tank 1 of the macerator, the cover 2 is closed, the flow of water and disinfecting agents is started, and the motor 3 is started. The motor 3 speed is adjusted suitably to the quality of the charge in the tank 1. The plate 9 is started—it commences rotation. The grinding knives 12 located on perform impact shredding of the charge bulk into shreds. The centrifugal force moves the shreds towards the external zone of the plate 9. The squeezers 13 under the impact of centrifugal force press the shreds into the slots 11 of the bend 10 and press through the slots 6 of the grinder 5. The pulp created in this manner reaches the discharge chamber, where the scrapers 14 move it to the outlet 16 of the sewage system. The amount of ground mass is adjusted by the distance between the surface of the grinder 5 and the bend 10 of the plate 9 by placing an appropriate thickness spacer 15 on the motor 3 axis.

[0047] In the case when an excessive amount of ground mass accumulates within the discharge chamber 8, which may not be received by the sewage system, then it is possible to change the direction of motor 3 rotation. The scrapers 14, working in the opposite direction, will uncover the outlet 16 of the sewage system.

[0048] After the grinding is finished flushing and disinfection of the macerator with chemical agents is performed.

[0049] A batch of hospital waste is placed in the macerator. After the cover 2 is closed and sealed, a stream of water is directed inside the macerator. This stream is supplied by a pipe 19, with an outlet in the cavity 18. This stream under pressure passes onto an internal surface of the controller 20, where it changes the direction and passes through a slot 28 to an internal surface of the wall. A bowl-shaped stream of water is created, which gravitationally falls onto the entire surface of the charge, resulting in good wetting, which is necessary to conduct the maceration process.

[0050] The volume of the air which is reduced by the inflow of water into the macerator, along with unpleasant odours gets out through the tunnel 22 to the pipe 23 of the system.

[0051] The macerator tank vibrations are absorbed by an elastic ring 27.