AROMATIC ISOTHIOCYANATES

Abstract

The present invention relates to aromatic isothiocyanates of formula U

##STR00001##

as defined in claim 1, to liquid-crystalline media comprising one or more compounds of formula U and to high-frequency components comprising these media, especially microwave components for high-frequency devices, such as devices for shifting the phase of microwaves, tunable filters, tunable metamaterial structures, and electronic beam steering antennas, e.g. phased array antennas.

Claims

1. A compound of formula U ##STR00468## in which R.sup.U denotes H, alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 12 C atoms, or alkenyl, alkenyloxy or alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 12 C atoms, in which one or more CH.sub.2 groups may be replaced by ##STR00469##  or a group R.sup.P, R.sup.P denotes halogen, CN, NCS, R.sup.F, R.sup.F—O— or R.sup.F—S—, wherein R.sup.F denotes fluorinated alkyl or fluorinated alkenyl having up to 9 C atoms, Z.sup.U1, Z.sup.U2 identically or differently, denote —CH═CH—, —CF═CF—, —CH═CF—, —CF═CH—, —C≡C— or a single bond, X.sup.1, X.sup.2, X.sup.3 and X.sup.4 identically or differently, denote Cl or F, t is 0 or 1, and ##STR00470##  identically or differently, denote a radical selected from the following groups: a) the group consisting of 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-naphthylene, and 2,6-naphthylene, in which one or two CH groups may be replaced by N and in which one or more H atoms may be replaced by L, wherein tetrafluoro-1,4-phenylene is excluded, b) the group consisting of trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1,3-diyl, 4,4′-bicyclohexylene, bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1,4-diyl, and spiro[3.3]heptane-2,6-diyl, in which one or more non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups may be replaced by —O— and/or —S— and in which one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, c) the group consisting of thiophene-2,5-diyl, thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-2,5-diyl, and selenophene-2,5-diyl, each of which may also be mono- or polysubstituted by L, L on each occurrence, identically or differently, denotes F, Cl, CN, SCN, SF.sub.5 or straight-chain or branched, in each case optionally fluorinated, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 12 C atoms.

2. The compound according to claim 1, wherein ##STR00471##  and on each occurrence, independently of one another, denote ##STR00472##  wherein alternatively denotes, ##STR00473##  and L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 identically or differently, denote F, Cl or straight chain or branched or cyclic alkyl or alkenyl each having up to 12 C atoms.

3. The compound according to claim 1, wherein Z.sup.U1 and Z.sup.U2, identically or differently, denote —C□C— or a single bond.

4. The compound according to claim 1, wherein the compound is selected from the compounds of the formulae U-1 to U-11 ##STR00474## ##STR00475## in which L.sup.1, L.sup.2 and L.sup.3 identically or differently, denote H, F, Cl, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclopentenyl, and R.sup.U, X.sup.1, X.sup.2, X.sup.3 and X.sup.4 have the meanings given for formula U.

5. The compound according to claim 1, wherein X.sup.1, X.sup.2, X.sup.3 and X.sup.4 denote F.

6. The compound according to claim 1, wherein R.sup.U denotes alkyl having 1 to 12 C atoms.

7. The compound according to claim 1, wherein R.sup.U denotes R.sup.P as defined for formula U.

8. A liquid crystal medium comprising one or more compounds according to claim 1.

9. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 8, wherein the medium further comprises one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formulae I, II and III, ##STR00476## in which R.sup.1 denotes H, unfluorinated alkyl or unfluorinated alkoxy having 1 to 17 C atoms, or unfluorinated alkenyl, unfluorinated alkenyloxy or unfluorinated alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 15 C atoms, in which one or more CH.sub.2-groups may be replaced by ##STR00477## n is 0, 1 or 2, ##STR00478##  to ##STR00479## on each occurrence, independently of one another, denote ##STR00480## in which R.sup.L, on each occurrence identically or differently, denotes H or alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms, and wherein ##STR00481##  alternatively denotes ##STR00482## R.sup.2 denotes H, unfluorinated alkyl or unfluorinated alkoxy having 1 to 17 C atoms, or unfluorinated alkenyl, unfluorinated alkenyloxy or unfluorinated alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 15 C atoms, in which one or more CH.sub.2-groups may be replaced by ##STR00483## Z.sup.21 denotes trans-CH═CH—, trans-CF═CF— or —C≡C—, and ##STR00484## independently of one another, denote ##STR00485## in which R.sup.L, on each occurrence identically or differently, denotes H or alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms; R.sup.3 denotes H, unfluorinated alkyl or unfluorinated alkoxy having 1 to 17 C atoms, or unfluorinated alkenyl, unfluorinated alkenyloxy or unfluorinated alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 15 C atoms, in which one or more CH.sub.2-groups may be replaced by ##STR00486## one of Z.sup.31 and Z.sup.32 denotes trans-CH═CH—, trans-CF═CF— or —C≡C— and the other one, independently thereof, denotes —C≡C—, trans-CH═CH—, trans-CF═CF— or a single bond, and ##STR00487##  to ##STR00488## independently of one another, denote ##STR00489## in which R.sup.L, on each occurrence identically or differently, denotes H or alkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms, and wherein ##STR00490##  alternatively denotes ##STR00491##

10. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 9, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formulae I-1 to I-5 ##STR00492## in which L.sup.1, L.sup.2 and L.sup.3 on each occurrence, identically or differently, denote H or F, and R.sup.1, ##STR00493##  and have the meanings given for formula I.

11. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 9, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of the formulae II-1 to II-3 ##STR00494## in which R.sup.2, ##STR00495##  and have the meanings given for formula II.

12. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 9, wherein the medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of the formulae III-1 to III-6 ##STR00496## ##STR00497## in which R.sup.3, ##STR00498##  and have the meanings given for formula III, and Z.sup.31 and Z.sup.32 independently of one another, denote trans-CH═CH— or trans-CF═CF—, and in formula III-6 alternatively one of Z.sup.31 and Z.sup.32 may denote —C≡C—.

13. A component for high-frequency technology, characterised in that it comprises the liquid crystal medium according to claim 8.

14. A component according to claim 13, wherein the component is a liquid-crystal based antenna element, a phase shifter, a tunable filter, a tunable metamaterial structure, a matching network or a varactor.

15. A microwave antenna array, characterised in that it comprises one or more components according to claim 13.

Description

EXAMPLES

[0646] The following examples illustrate the present invention without limiting it in any way. It is clear to the person skilled in the art from the physical properties what properties can be achieved and in what ranges they can be modified. In particular, the combination of the various properties which can preferably be achieved is thus well defined for the person skilled in the art.

Synthesis Examples

Abbreviations:

[0647] RT room temperature (typically 20° C.±1° C.)

THE Tetrahydrofuran

[0648] MTB ether Methyl-tert-butyl ether

DCM Dichloromethane

[0649] dist. distilled

Example 1: 1,2,4,5-Tetrafluoro-3-isothiocyanato-6-[4-(4-propylcyclohexyl)phenyl]benzene

Step 1.1: 2,3,5,6-Tetrafluoro-4-[4-(4-propylcyclohexyl)phenyl]aniline

[0650] ##STR00408##

[0651] A solution of [4-(4-propylcyclohexyl)phenyl]boronic acid (CAS-no. 156837-90-0, 5.3 g, 22 mmol) and 4-bromo-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-aniline (CAS-no. 1998-66-9, 5.0 g, 21 mmol) in THE (30 mL) is heated to 50° C., and bis(di-tert-butyl(4-dimethylaminophenyl)phosphine)dichloropalladium(II) (0.87 mg) is added. The mixture is heated to reflux temperature, followed by dropwise addition of sodium hydroxide solution (2 M, 15.4 mL, 31 mmol). The reaction mixture is stirred for 2 h at reflux temperature, then again a solution of [4-(4-propylcyclohexyl)phenyl]boronic acid (1.0 g, 4 mmol) in THE (15 mL) is added dropwise, and the mixture is stirred at reflux temperature overnight. It is then cooled to RT, treated with acetic acid (glacial, 1.6 mL) and diluted with MTB ether. The aqueous phase is separated and extracted with MTB ether. The combined organic phases are washed with brine, dried (sodium sulfate) and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by silica gel chromatography (n-heptane and MTB ether) to give 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[4-(4-propylcyclohexyl)phenyl]aniline as a light yellow solid.

Step 1.2: 1,2,4,5-Tetrafluoro-3-isothiocyanato-6-[4-(4-propylcyclohexyl)phenyl]benzene

[0652] ##STR00409##

[0653] A solution of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[4-(4-propylcyclohexyl)phenyl]aniline (7.4 g, 20 mmol) and 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (5.7 g, 51 mmol) in DCM (100 mL) is cooled to 0° C., and thiophosgene (1.8 mL, 22 mmol) is added dropwise. The reaction mixture is stirred at RT for 60 min. Then the reaction mixture is hydrolyzed with dist. water and brine and diluted with DCM. The aqueous phase is separated and extracted with DCM. The combined organic phases are washed with brine, dried (sodium sulfate) and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by silica gel chromatography (n-heptane) and crystallization (n-heptane). 1,2,4,5-tetrafluoro-3-isothiocyanato-6-[4-(4-propylcyclohexyl)phenyl]benzene is isolated as a colorless solid.

Phase sequence K 64 N 174.4 I.
Δε=6.80
Δn=0.2522

γ.SUB.1.=472 m Pas

Example 2: 1,2,4,5-Tetrafluoro-3-isothiocyanato-6-[4-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]phenyl]benzene

Step 2.1: 4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-2-[4-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]phenyl]-1,3,2-dioxaborolane

[0654] ##STR00410##

[0655] Bis-(pinacolato)-diboron (14.3 g, 56 mmol) and potassium acetate (14.3 g, 146 mmol) are added to a solution of 1-bromo-4-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]benzene (CAS-no. 134150-03-1, 16.9 g, 49 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (150 mL). Then the mixture is treated with 1,1′-bis(biphenylphosphine)ferrocene-palladium dichloride (1.2 g, 1.6 mmol) and stirred at reflux temperature overnight. The reaction mixture is cooled to RT, hydrolyzed with dist. water, diluted with MTB ether and filtered over celite. The aqueous phase is separated and extracted with MTB ether. The combined organic phases are washed with brine, dried (sodium sulfate) and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by silica gel chromatography (n-heptane and 1-chlorobutane) to give 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-[4-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]phenyl]-1,3,2-dioxaborolane as a brown solid.

Step 2.2: 2,3,5,6-Tetrafluoro-4-[4-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]phenyl]aniline

[0656] ##STR00411##

[0657] A solution of 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-[4-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]phenyl]-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (3.0 g, 7.4 mmol) and 4-bromo-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-aniline (1.6 g, 6.6 mmol) in THE (11 mL) is treated with bis(di-tert-butyl-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-phosphine)dichloropalladium(II) (0.31 mg) at 50° C. Then the mixture is heated to reflux temperature, followed by dropwise addition of sodium hydroxide solution (2.0 M, 5.5 mL). The reaction mixture is stirred at reflux temperature overnight. Then it is cooled to RT, treated with acetic acid (glacial, 0.6 mL) and diluted with MTB ether. The aqueous phase is separated and extracted with MTB ether. The combined organic phases are washed with brine, dried (sodium sulfate) and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by silica gel chromatography (n-heptane and 1-chlorobutane). 2,3,5,6-Tetrafluoro-4-[4-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]phenyl]aniline is isolated as a light brown solid.

Step 2.3: 1,2,4,5-Tetrafluoro-3-isothiocyanato-6-[4-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]phenyl]benzene

[0658] ##STR00412##

[0659] A solution of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[4-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]phenyl]aniline (2.0 g, 4.9 mmol) and 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (1.4 g, 12.2 mmol) in DCM (25 mL) is cooled to 0° C. and treated dropwise with thiophosgene (0.4 mL, 5.4 mmol). The reaction mixture is stirred at RT for 60 min. Then it is hydrolyzed with dist. water and brine and diluted with DCM. The aqueous phase is separated and extracted with DCM. The combined organic phases are washed with brine, dried (sodium sulfate) and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by silica gel chromatography (n-heptane and 1-chlorobutane) and crystallization (n-heptane) to give 1,2,4,5-tetrafluoro-3-isothiocyanato-6-[4-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]phenyl]benzene as a colorless solid. Phase sequence: K 109 N 154.5 I.

Δε=1.79
Δn=0.2984

γ.SUB.1.=458 m Pas

Example 3: 1-[4-[2-(4-Butylphenyl)ethynyl]phenyl]-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-isothiocyanato-benzene

Step 3.1: 2-[4-[2-(4-Butylphenyl)ethynyl]phenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane

[0660] ##STR00413##

[0661] A solution of 1-butyl-4-ethynyl-benzene (CAS-no. 79887-09-5, 1.2 g, 7.1 mmol), 2-(4-bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (CAS-no. 68716-49-4, 2.0 g, 7.1 mmol) and diisopropylamine (17 mL) in THE (20 mL) is heated slightly below reflux temperature. Copper(I)iodide (1.4 mg), 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′4′6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl (6.7 mg) and chloro(2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′4′6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)palladium(II) (11.1 mg) are added, and the reaction mixture is stirred at reflux temperature overnight. Then it is cooled down to RT, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by silica gel chromatography (n-heptane and 1-chlorobutane) to give 2-[4-[2-(4-butylphenyl)ethynyl]phenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane as a brown oil, which crystallizes on standing.

Step 3.2: 4-[4-[2-(4-Butylphenyl)ethynyl]phenyl]-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-aniline

[0662] ##STR00414##

[0663] A solution of 2-[4-[2-(4-butylphenyl)ethynyl]phenyl]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (1.8 g, 4.7 mmol) and 4-bromo-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-aniline (1.2 g, 4.7 mmol) in THE (10 mL) is treated with bis(di-tert-butyl(4-dimethylaminophenyl)phosphine)dichloropalladium(II) (0.2 mg) at 50° C. Then the reaction mixture is heated to reflux temperature, followed by dropwise addition of sodium hydroxide solution (2.0 M, 3.6 mL) and the reaction is stirred at reflux temperature overnight. Then the reaction mixture is cooled to RT, treated with acetic acid (glacial, 0.4 mL) and diluted with MTB ether. The aqueous phase is separated and extracted with MTB ether. The combined organic phases are washed with brine, dried (sodium sulfate) and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by silica gel chromatography (n-heptane and 1-chlorobutane) to give 4-[4-[2-(4-butylphenyl)ethynyl]phenyl]-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-aniline as a light yellow solid.

Step 3.3: 1-[4-[2-(4-Butylphenyl)ethynyl]phenyl]-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-isothiocyanato-benzene

[0664] ##STR00415##

[0665] A solution of 4-[4-[2-(4-butylphenyl)ethynyl]phenyl]-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-aniline (3.0 g, 6.8 mmol) and 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (1.9 g, 7.4 mmol) in DCM (35 mL) is treated dropwise with thiophosgene (0.6 mL, 7.4 mmol) at 0° C. Then the reaction mixture is stirred at RT for 60 min. It is hydrolyzed with dist. water and brine and diluted with DCM. The aqueous phase is separated and extracted with DCM. The combined organic phases are washed with brine, dried (sodium sulfate) and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by silica gel chromatography (n-heptane and MTB ether) and crystallization (acetone) to give 1-[4-[2-(4-butylphenyl)ethynyl]phenyl]-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-isothiocyanato-benzene as a colorless solid.

Phase sequence K 127 SmA (120) N 192.3 I.
Δε=9.10
Δn=0.4190
γ.sub.1=859 mPas

Example 4: 1,2,4,5-Tetrafluoro-3-isothiocyanato-6-[4-[2-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethynyl]phenyl]benzene

Step 4.1: 4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-2-[4-[2-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethynyl]phenyl]-1,3,2-dioxaborolane

[0666] ##STR00416##

[0667] A solution of 1-ethynyl-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzene (CAS-no. 160542-02-9, 3.0 g, 15 mmol), 2-(4-bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (4.3 g, 15 mmol) and diisopropylamine (37 mL) in THE (40 mL) is heated slightly below reflux temperature. Copper(I)iodide (2.9 mg), 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′4′6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl (14.6 mg) and chloro(2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′4′6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)palladium(II) (24 mg) are added, and the reaction mixture is stirred at reflux temperature overnight. It is then cooled to RT, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by silica gel chromatography (solvents n-heptane and DCM) to give 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-[4-[2-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-ethynyl]phenyl]-1,3,2-dioxaborolane as a brown oil, which crystallizes on standing.

Step 4.2: 2,3,5,6-Tetrafluoro-4-[4-[2-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethynyl]phenyl]aniline

[0668] ##STR00417##

[0669] A solution of 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-[4-[2-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethynyl]phenyl]-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (5.8 g, 12 mmol) and 4-bromo-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-aniline (2.9 g, 12 mmol) in THE (18 mL) is treated with bis(di-tert-butyl(4-dimethylaminophenyl)phosphine)-dichloropalladium(II) (0.5 mg) at 50° C. Then the reaction mixture is heated to reflux temperature, followed by dropwise addition of sodium hydroxide solution (2.0 M, 9.3 mL). It is stirred at reflux temperature overnight. Then the reaction mixture is cooled to RT, treated with acetic acid (glacial, 1.1 mL) and diluted with MTB ether. The aqueous phase is separated and extracted with MTB ether. The combined organic phases are washed with brine, dried (sodium sulfate) and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by silica gel chromatography (solvents n-heptane and 1-chlorobutane) to give 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[4-[2-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethynyl]phenyl]aniline as a light yellow solid.

Step 4.3: 1,2,4,5-Tetrafluoro-3-isothiocyanato-6-[4-[2-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethynyl]phenyl]benzene

[0670] ##STR00418##

[0671] A solution of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[4-[2-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethynyl]phenyl]aniline (4.7 g, 8 mmol) and 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (2.2 g, 19 mmol) in DCM (30 mL) is treated dropwise with thiophosgene (0.6 mL, 7.8 mmol) at 0° C. The reaction mixture is stirred at RT for 60 min. Then it is hydrolyzed with dist. water and brine and diluted with DCM. The aqueous phase is separated and extracted with DCM. The combined organic phases are washed with brine, dried (sodium sulfate) and concentrated in vacuo. The residue is purified by silica gel chromatography (n-heptane and 1-chlorobutane) and crystallization (n-heptane and acetone). 1,2,4,5-tetrafluoro-3-isothiocyanato-6-[4-[2-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethynyl]phenyl]benzene is obtained as a colorless solid.

Phase sequence: K 126 N 190.9 I.
Δε=2.52
Δn=0.3769
γ.sub.1=666 mPas

[0672] In analogy to Synthesis Examples 1 to 4 the following compounds are obtained:

TABLE-US-00008 physical No. Compound parameters  5 [00419]  6 [00420] K 51 I Δε = 5.50 Δn = 0.2152 γ.sub.1 = 45 mPas  7 [00421] K 56 I Δε = 4.60 Δn = 0.2030 γ.sub.1 = 45 mPas  8 [00422]  9 [00423] 10 [00424] 11 [00425] 12 [00426] 13 [00427] K 75 I Δε = 8.90 Δn = 0.3533 γ.sub.1 = 46 mPas 14 [00428] 15 [00429] 16 [00430] 17 [00431] 18 [00432] K 146 N 170.5 I 19 [00433] 20 [00434] 21 [00435] 22 [00436] K 88 N 169.3 I Δε = 6.30 Δn = 0.2354 γ.sub.1 = 466 mPas 23 [00437] K 101 N 191.2 I Δε = 6.60 Δn = 0.2391 γ.sub.1 = 466 mPas 24 [00438] K 74 N 162.3 I Δε = 6.40 Δn = 0.2948 γ.sub.1 = 656 mPas 25 [00439] K 75 N 77.2 I Δε = 3.52 Δn = 0.1911 γ.sub.1 = 1048 mPas 25 [00440] T.sub.g −49 K 53 N 142.9 I Δε = 8.12 Δn = 0.2248 γ.sub.1 = 600 mPas 26 [00441] 27 [00442] 28 [00443] K 72 N 137.1 I Δε = 8.63 Δn = 0.2443 γ.sub.1 = 582 mPas 29 [00444] K 103 N 123.9 I Δε = 11.14 Δn = 0.2294 γ.sub.1 = 598 mPas 30 [00445] 31 [00446] K 123 N 240.6 I Δε = 9.90 Δn = 0.3730 γ.sub.1 = 352 mPas 32 [00447] 33 [00448] 34 [00449] 35 [00450] 36 [00451] 37 [00452] 38 [00453] K 98 N 170.3 I Δε = 6.12 Δn = 0.2989 γ.sub.1 = 1262 mPas 39 [00454] K 133 N 248.1 I 40 [00455] 41 [00456] 42 [00457] 43 [00458] 44 [00459] 45 [00460] K 142 N 149.7 I 46 [00461] K 42 I Δε = 6.50 Δn = 0.1852 γ.sub.1 = 43 mPas 47 [00462] 48 [00463] 49 [00464] 50 [00465] 51 [00466] 52 [00467]

MIXTURE EXAMPLES

[0673] Liquid-crystal mixtures N1 to N13 having the compositions and properties as indicated in the following tables are prepared and characterized with respect to their general physical properties and their applicability in microwave components at 19 GHz and 20° C.

Comparative Mixture C1

[0674]

TABLE-US-00009 PTU-3-S 10.0 T(N, I) [° C.]: 156 PTU-5-S 10.0 Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 17.5 PPTU-4-S 6.0 ε.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 21.5 PPTU-5-S 12.0 ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 4.0 PGU-3-S 14.0 γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 445 PPU-TO-S 28.0 K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 16.6 CPTU-4-S 20.0 K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 25.3 Σ 100.0 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.52 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.03 LTS bulk [h, −40° C.]: 1000 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.342 ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.6922 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.4308 tan δ.sub.ε r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0061 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0107 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 32.0

Comparative Mixture C2

[0675]

TABLE-US-00010 PPTU-4-S 6.0 T(N, I) [° C.]: 157 PPTU-5-S 12.0 Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 13.5 PPU-TO-S 23.0 ε.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 17.2 CPTU-5-S 25.0 ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.7 P(2)TU-5-S 14.0 γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 604 PP(1)TU-TO-S 10.0 K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 15.4 CPU-2-S 10.0 K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 26.0 Σ 100.0 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.69 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.12 LTS bulk [h, −30° C.]: 1000 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.330 ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.6153 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.4225 tan δ.sub.ε r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0053 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0086 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 38.4

Example N1

[0676]

TABLE-US-00011 PTU-3-S 10.0 T(N, I) [° C.]: 156 PTU-5-S 10.0 LTS bulk [h, −30° C.]: 696 PPTU-4-S 6.0 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.319 PPTU-5-S 12.0 ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.6059 PPU-TO-S 28.0 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.4555 CPTU-4-S 20.0 tan δ.sub.ε r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0057 CPU(F, F)-3-S 14.0 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0090 Σ 100.0 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 35.4

[0677] Example N1 corresponds to Comparative Mixture C in which the compound PGU-3-S has been replaced with the compound CPU(F,F)-3-S according to the invention. Surprisingly this has the effect that the dielectric loss is improved (lower) which results in an improvement of the material quality (i) from η=32.0 to 35.4.

Example N2

[0678]

TABLE-US-00012 PPTU-4-S 6.0 T (N, I) [° C.]: 158 PPTU-5-S 12.0 Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 11.9 PPU-TO-S 23.0 ε.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 15.4 CPTU-5-S 25.0 ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.5 P(2)TU-5-S 14.0 γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 647 PP(1)TU-TO-S 10.0 K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 16.7 CPU(F, F)-3-S 10.0 K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 25.8 Σ 100.0 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.55 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.26 LTS bulk [h, −30° C.]: 1000 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.331 ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.6175 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.4212 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0050 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0080 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 41.3

[0679] Example N2 corresponds to Comparative Mixture C in which the compound CPU-2-S has been replaced with the compound CPU(F,F)-3-S according to the invention. Surprisingly this has the effect that the dielectric loss is improved (lower) which results in an improvement of figure-of-merit from η=38.4 to 41.3.

Example N3

[0680]

TABLE-US-00013 PGU-3-S 10.0 T (N, I) [° C.]: 158 PPTU-4-S 6.0% τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.321 PPTU-5-S 10.0% ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.5700 PPU-TO-S 22.0% ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.4244 CPTU-4-S 8.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0050 CPTU-5-S 12.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0083 P(2)TU-5-S 12.0% η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 38.9 CPU(F, F)-3-S 14.0% CPU(F, F)-4-S 6.0% Σ 100.0%

Example N4

[0681]

TABLE-US-00014 PPTU-4-S 6.0% T (N, I) [° C.]: 161.9 PPTU-5-S 12.0% LTS bulk [h, −20° C.]: 1000 PPU-TO-S 23.0% LTS bulk [h, −30° C.]: 336 CPTU-5-S 23.0% τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.315 P(2)TU-5-S 12.0% ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.5604 CPU(F, F)-3-S 18.0% ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.4392 CPU(F, F)-4-S 6.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0047 Σ 100.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0073 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 43.2

Example N5

[0682]

TABLE-US-00015 PPTU-4-S 6.0% T (N, I) [° C.]: 167 PPTU-5-S 10.0% Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 10.7 PPU-TO-S 28.0% ε.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 14.1 CPTU-4-S 20.0% ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.3 P(2)TU-5-S 10.0% K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 15.4 CPU(F, F)-3-S 26.0% K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 24.2 Σ 100.0% K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.57 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.27 LTS bulk [h, −20° C.]: 24 LTS bulk [h, −30° C.]: 48 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.320 ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.5568 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.4175 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0048 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0075 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 42.7

Example N6

[0683]

TABLE-US-00016 PPTU-4-S 6.0% T (N, I) [° C.]: 157 PPTU-5-S 12.0% Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 11.9 PPU-TO-S 18.0% ε.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 15.4 CPTU-5-S 24.0% ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.5 P(2)TU-5-S 14.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 657 PP(1)TU-TO-S 10.0% K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 15.5 CPU(F, F)-3-S 16.0% K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 25.4 Σ 100.0% K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.65 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.20 LTS bulk [h, −30° C.]: 1000 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.326 ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.5833 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.4167 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0048 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0076 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 42.7

Example N7

[0684]

TABLE-US-00017 PGU-3-S 6.0% T (N, I) [° C.]: 155.5 PPTU-4-S 6.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 613 PPTU-5-S 12.0% τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.320 PPU-TO-S 20.0% ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.5292 CPTU-5-S 22.0% ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.3982 P(2)TU-5-S 14.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0048 CPU(F, F)-3-S 20.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0078 Σ 100.0% η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 41.0

Example N8

[0685]

TABLE-US-00018 PPTU-4-S 6.0% T (N, I) [° C.]: 156 PPTU-5-S 12.0% τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.320 PPU-TO-S 20.0% ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.5856 CPTU-5-S 22.0% ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.4398 P(2)TU-5-S 14.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0049 CPU(F, F)-3-S 16.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0077 PP(1)TU-TO-S 10.0% η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 41.6 Σ 100.0%

Example N9

[0686]

TABLE-US-00019 CPU(F, F)-3-S  10.0% τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.305 PTU-3-S 14.38% ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.5560 PGU-3-S 12.58% ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.4724 PPTU-5-S 17.98% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0056 CPU-2-S 31.46% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0101 CPU-4-S 13.48% η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 30.2 ST-3b-1  0.12% Σ  100.0%

Example N10

[0687]

TABLE-US-00020 PPTU-4-S 6.0% T (N, I) [° C.]: 191.5 PPTU-5-S 12.0% LTS bulk [h, −30° C.]: 24 PPU-TO-S 20.0% τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.341 PGU-3-S 12.0% ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.6334 CPTU-5-S 22.0% ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.3957 PP(1)TU-TO-S 12.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0048 CPU(F, F)-3-S 16.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0081 Σ 100.0% η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 42.4

Example N11

[0688]

TABLE-US-00021 PPTU-4-S 6.0% T (N, I) [° C.]: 162.5 PPTU-5-S 10.0% LTS bulk [h, −30° C.]: 24 PPU-TO-S 22.0% τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.311 CPTU-4-S 12.0% ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.5489 CPTU-5-S 18.0% ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.4437 P(2)TU-5-S 12.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0048 CPU(F, F)-3-S 10.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0076 CPU(F, F)-4-S 10.0% η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 40.9 Σ 100.0%

Example N12

[0689]

TABLE-US-00022 PGU-3-S 10.0% T (N, I) [° C.]: 158.2 PPTU-4-S 6.0% LTS bulk [h, −30° C.]: 768 PPTU-5-S 10.0% τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.319 PPU-TO-S 22.0% ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.5820 CPTU-4-S 8.0% ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.4382 CPTU-5-S 12.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0051 P(2)TU-5-S 12.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0084 CPU(F, F)-3-S 10.0% η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 38.0 CPU(F, F)-4-S 10.0% Σ 100.0%

Example N13

[0690]

TABLE-US-00023 PTPU-4-S 6.0% PPTU-5-S 10.0% PPU-TO-S 28.0% CPTU-4-S 20.0% P(2)TU-5-S 10.0% CPU(F, F)-3-S 26.0% Σ 100.0%

Example N14

[0691]

TABLE-US-00024 PPTU-4-S  6.0% T (N, I) [° C.]: 161.9 PPTU-5-S 12.0% LTS bulk [h, −20° C.]: 1000 PPU-TO-S 23.0% LTS bulk [h, −30° C.]: 336 CPTU-5-S 23.0% τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.315 P(2)TU-5-S 12.0% ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.56 CPU(F, F)-3-S 18.0% ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.44 CPU(F, F)-4-S  6.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0047 Σ  100% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0073 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 43.2

Example N15

[0692]

TABLE-US-00025 PPTU-4-S  6.0% T (N, I) [° C.]: 158 PPTU-5-S 12.0% Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 11.9 PPU-TO-S 23.0% ε.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 15.4 CPTU-5-S 25.0% ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.5 P(2)TU-5-S 14.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 647 PP(1)TU-TO-S 10.0% K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 16.7 CPU(F, F)-3-S 10.0% K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 25.8 Σ  100% K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.55 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.26 LTS bulk [h, −30° C.]: 1000 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.331 ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.62 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.42 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0050 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0080 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 41.3

Example N16

[0693]

TABLE-US-00026 PPTU-4-S  6.0% T (N, I) [° C.]: 157 PPTU-5-S 12.0% Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 11.9 PPU-TO-S 18.0% ε.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 15.4 CPTU-5-S 24.0% ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.5 P(2)TU-5-S 14.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 657 PP(1)TU-TO-S 10.0% K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 15.5 CPU(F, F)-3-S 16.0% K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 25.4 Σ  100% K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.65 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.20 LTS bulk [h, −30° C.]: 1000 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.326 ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.58 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.42 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0048 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0076 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 42.7

Example N17

[0694]

TABLE-US-00027 PGU-3-S  6.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 155.5 PPTU-4-S  6.0% Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 13.4 PPTU-5-S 12.0% ε.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 17.1 PPU-TO-S 20.0% ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.7 CPTU-5-S 22.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 627 P(2)TU-5-S 14.0% K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 16.0 CPU(F, F)-3-S 20.0% K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 24.5 Σ  100% K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.53 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.15 LTS bulk [h, −30° C.]: 1000 LTS bulk [h, −40° C.]: 1000 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.320 ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]; 3.53 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.40 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0048 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0078 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 41.0

Example N18

[0695]

TABLE-US-00028 PPTU-4-S  6.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 156 PPTU-5-S 12.0% LTS bulk [h, −30° C.]: 1000 PPU-TO-S 20.0% LTS bulk [h, −40° C.]: 1000 CPTU-5-S 22.0% τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.320 P(2)TU-5-S 14.0% ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.59 CPU(F, F)-3-S 16.0% ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.44 PP(1)TU-TO-S 10.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0049 Σ  100% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0077 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 41.6

Example N19

[0696]

TABLE-US-00029 PPTU-4-S 6.0 T(N, I) [° C.]: 191.5 PPTU-5-S 12.0% LTS bulk [h, −30° C.]: 24 PPU-TO-S 20.0% τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.341 PGU-3-S 12.0% ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.63 CPTU-5-S 22.0% ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.40 PP(1)TU-TO-S 12.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0048 CPU(F, F)-3-S 16.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0081 Σ  100% η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 42.4

Example N20

[0697]

TABLE-US-00030 PPTU-4-S  6.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 165 PPTU-5-S 14.0% Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 13.7 PPU-TO-S 22.0% ε.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 17.2 CPTU-5-S 22.0% ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.5 PTU-3-S  8.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 530 PTU-5-S  8.0% K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 17.6 CPU(F, F)-3-S 20.0% K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 26.3 Σ  100% K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.50 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.20 LTS bulk [h, −30° C.]: 1000 LTS bulk [h, −40° C.]: 552 τ [20°, 19 GHz]: 0.329 ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.58 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.40 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0050 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0082 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 40.1

Example N21

[0698]

TABLE-US-00031 PPTU-4-S  6.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 159 PPTU-5-S 14.0% τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.325 PPU-TO-S 20.0% ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.58 CPTU-5-S 18.0% ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.42 PTU-3-S  8.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0049 PTU-5-S  8.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0080 CPU(F, F)-3-S 26.0% η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 40.6 Σ  100%

Example N22

[0699]

TABLE-US-00032 PPTU-4-S 6.0 T(N, I) [° C.]: 156 PPTU-5-S 14.0% τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.316 PPU-TO-S 18.0% ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.60 CPTU-5-S 18.0% ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.46 PTU-3-S 10.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0052 PTU-5-S 10.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0083 CPU(F, F)-3-S 24.0% η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 38.1 Σ  100%

Example N23

[0700]

TABLE-US-00033 PPTU-4-S  6.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 159 PPTU-5-S 14.0% τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.320 PPU-TO-S 16.0% ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.51 CPTU-5-S 18.0% ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.39 PTU-3-S  9.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0049 PTU-5-S  9.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0077 CPU(F, F)-3-S 28.0% η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 41.6 Σ  100%

Example N24

[0701]

TABLE-US-00034 PPTU-4-S  6.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 165 PPTU-5-S 14.0% Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 14.3 PPU-TO-S 22.0% ε.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 17.9 CPTU-5-S 25.0% ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.6 PTU-3-S  9.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 522 PTU-5-S  8.0% K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 18.0 CPU(F, F)-3-S 16.0% K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 26.0 Σ  100% K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.45 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.18 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.329 ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.61 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.42 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0051 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0084 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 39.2

Example N25

[0702]

TABLE-US-00035 PPTU-4-S  6.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 165 PPTU-5-S 12.0% Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 13.7 PPU-TO-S 22.0% ε.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 17.2 CPTU-5-S 24.0% ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.5 PTU-3-S  8.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 535 PTU-5-S  8.0% K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 17.9 CPU(F, F)-3-S 20.0% K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 26.1 Σ  100% K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.46 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.20 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.324 ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.56 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.41 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0051 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0081 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 40.0

Example N26

[0703]

TABLE-US-00036 PPTU-4-S  6.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 164 PPTU-5-S 12.0% Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 14.0 PPU-TO-S 22.0% ε.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 17.5 CPTU-5-S 25.0% ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.6 PTU-3-S  9.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 529 PTU-5-S  8.0% K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 17.7 CPU(F, F)-3-S 18.0% K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 26.2 Σ  100% K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.48 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.19 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.324 ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.60 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.43 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0051 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0083 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 39.0

Example N27

[0704]

TABLE-US-00037 PPTU-4-S  6.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 162 PPTU-5-S 13.0% Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 14.5 PPU-TO-S 17.0% ε.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 18.1 CPTU-5-S 26.0% ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.6 PTU-3-S  9.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 522 PTU-5-S  9.0% K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 18.0 CPU(F, F)-3-S 20.0% K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 25.3 Σ  100% K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.41 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.17 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.329 ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.55 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.39 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0049 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0080 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 41.1

Example N28

[0705]

TABLE-US-00038 PPTU-4-S  6.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 157 PPTU-5-S 14.0% Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 14.2 PPU-TO-S 22.0% ε.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 17.8 CPTU-5-S 20.0% ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.6 PTU-3-S 10.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 486 PTU-5-S 10.0% K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 17.2 CPU(F, F)-3-S 18.0% K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 24.6 Σ  100% K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.43 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.16 τ [20°, 19 GHz]: 0.325 ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.56 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.40 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0053 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0084 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 38.7

Example N29

[0706]

TABLE-US-00039 PPTU-4-S  6.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 158 PPTU-5-S 14.0% Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 14.5 PPU-TO-S 20.0% ε.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 18.1 CPTU-5-S 22.0% ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.6 PTU-3-S 10.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 493 PTU-5-S 10.0% K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 17.4 CPU(F, F)-3-S 18.0% K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 24.4 Σ  100% K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.40 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.16 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.324 ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.61 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.44 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0052 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0086 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 37.7

Example N30

[0707]

TABLE-US-00040 PPTU-4-S  6.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 158 PPTU-5-S 13.0% Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 14.6 PPU-TO-S 20.0% ε.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 18.2 CPTU-5-S 24.0% ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.6 PTU-3-S 10.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 498 PTU-5-S 10.0% K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 17.4 CPU(F, F)-3-S 17.0% K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 24.6 Σ  100% K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.41 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.15 LTS bulk [h, −30° C.]: 168 LTS bulk [h, −40° C.]: 1000 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.328 ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.61 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.43 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0052 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0085 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 38.6

Example N31

[0708]

TABLE-US-00041 PPTU-4-S  6.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 159 PPTU-5-S 14.0% Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 14.9 PPU-TO-S 17.0% ε.sub.|| [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 18.5 CPTU-5-S 25.0% ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.6 PTU-3-S 10.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 497 PTU-5-S 10.0% K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 17.3 CPU(F, F)-3-S 18.0% K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 25.0 Σ  100% K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.45 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.15 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.327 ε.sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.57 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.40 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,|| [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0051 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0083 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 39.4

Example N32

[0709]

TABLE-US-00042 PPTU-4-S  6.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 159 PPTU-5-S 14.0% Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 14.9 PPU-TO-S 16.0% ε.sub.∥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 18.5 CPTU-5-S 25.0% ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.6 PTU-3-S 10.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 503 PTU-5-S 10.0% K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 17.6 CPU(F, F)-3-S 19.0% K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 25.0 Σ  100% K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.42 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.15 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.326 ε.sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.58 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.41 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0050 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0083 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 39.3

Example N34

[0710]

TABLE-US-00043 PPTU-4-S  6.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 159 PPTU-5-S 15.0% Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 15.1 PPU-TO-S 16.0% ε.sub.∥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 18.7 CPTU-5-S 25.0% ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.6 PTU-3-S 10.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 505 PTU-5-S 10.0% K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 17.7 CPU(F, F)-3-S 18.0% K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 24.7 Σ  100% K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.39 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.14 LTS bulk [h, −40° C.]: 936 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.326 ε.sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.57 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.40 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0050 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0083 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 39.3

Example N35

[0711]

TABLE-US-00044 PPTU-4-S  6.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 159 PPTU-5-S 14.0% Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 15.0 PPU-TO-S 16.0% ε.sub.∥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 18.6 CPTU-5-S 26.0% ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.6 PTU-3-S 10.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 503 PTU-5-S 10.0% K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 17.6 CPU(F, F)-3-S 18.0% K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 24.6 Σ  100% K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.40 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.14 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.320 ε.sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.60 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.45 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0051 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0084 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 38.1

Example N36

[0712]

TABLE-US-00045 PPTU-4-S  6.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 158 PPTU-5-S 15.0% Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 15.5 PPU-TO-S 13.0% ε.sub.∥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 19.1 CPTU-5-S 27.0% ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.7 PTU-3-S 10.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 491 PTU-5-S 11.0% K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 17.7 CPU(F, F)-3-S 18.0% K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 24.4 Σ  100% K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.38 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.13 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.326 ε.sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.58 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.42 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0050 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0083 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 39.3

Example N37

[0713]

TABLE-US-00046 PPTU-4-S  6.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 159 PPTU-5-S 16.0% Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 15.9 PPU-TO-S 11.0% ε.sub.∥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 19.5 CPTU-5-S 28.0% ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.7 PTU-3-S 10.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 494 PTU-5-S 11.0% K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 18.1 CPU(F, F)-3-S 18.0% K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 24.6 Σ  100% K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.36 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.13 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.320 ε.sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.55 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.41 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0049 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0081 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 39.5

Example N38

[0714]

TABLE-US-00047 PTU-3-S 10.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 157 PTU-5-S 10.0% τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.331 PPTU-4-S  6.0% ε.sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.58 PPTU-5-S 12.0% ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.40 PGTU-4-S  6.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0050 PGU-3-S 16.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0094 CPU(F, F)-3-S 15.0% η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 35.2 CPTU-5-S 25.0% Σ  100%

Example N39

[0715]

TABLE-US-00048 PPTU-4-S 10.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 170.5 PPTU-5-S 20.0% Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 15.4 CPTU-5-S 30.0% ε.sub.∥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 18.7 PTU-5-S 15.0% ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.4 CPU(F, F)-3-S 25.0% K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 19.2 Σ  100% K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 23.8 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.24 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.18 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.325 ε.sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.55 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.40 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0042 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0070 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 46.8

Example N40

[0716]

TABLE-US-00049 PTU-3-S 10.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 157 PTU-5-S 10.0% τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.328 PPTU-4-S  6.0% ε.sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.67 PPTU-5-S 12.0% ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.47 PGU-3-S 10.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0056 PPU-TO-S 20.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0099 CPTU-5-S 22.0% η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 33.1 CPU(F, F)-3-S 10.0% Σ  100%

Example N41

[0717]

TABLE-US-00050 PTU-3-S 10.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 158.5 PTU-5-S 10.0% τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.326 PPTU-4-S  6.0% ε.sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.63 PPTU-5-S 13.0% ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.45 PGU-3-S  5.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0055 PPU-TO-S 18.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0092 CPTU-5-S 25.0% η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 35.7 CPU(F, F)-3-S 13.0% Σ  100%

Example N42

[0718]

TABLE-US-00051 PTU-3-S 10.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 157.5 PTU-5-S 10.0% τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.331 PPTU-4-S  6.0% ε.sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.67 PPTU-5-S 12.0% ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.46 PGU-3-S 12.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0058 PPU-TO-S 20.0% tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0102 CPTU-5-S 24.0% η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 32.4 CPU(F, F)-3-S  6.0% Σ  100%

Example N43

[0719]

TABLE-US-00052 ST-3b-1 0.12 T(N, I) [° C.]: 158 PPTU-4-S 5.9928 Δn [589 nm, 20° C.]: 0.4015 PPU-5-S 14.982 n.sub.e [589 nm, 20° C.]: 1.9286 PPU-TO-S 15.9808 n.sub.o [589 nm, 20° C.]: 1.5271 CPTU-5-S 24.97 Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 15.0 PTU-3-S 9.988 ε.sub.∥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 18.6 PTU-5-S 9.988 ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.6 CPU(F, F)-3-S 17.9784 γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 492 Σ 93.0% 0 K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 17.6 K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 24.4 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.39 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.14 LTS bulk [h, −30° C.]: 1000 LTS bulk [h, −40° C.]: 960 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.328 ε.sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.59 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.42 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0052 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0084 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 39.0

Example N44

[0720]

TABLE-US-00053 ST-3b-1 0.12 T(N, I) [° C.]: 157.5 PPTU-4-S 5.9928 Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 14.5 PPU-5-S 12.9844 ε.sub.∥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 18.2 PPU-TO-S 19.976 ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.6 CPTU-5-S 23.9712 γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 491 PTU-3-S 9.988 K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 17.3 PTU-5-S 9.988 K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 25.0 CPU(F, F)-3-S 16.9796 K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.44 Σ 93.0% 0 V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.16 LTS bulk [h, −30° C.]: 720 LTS bulk [h, −40° C.]: 1000 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.327 ε.sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.59 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.42 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0053 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0086 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 38.0

Example N45

[0721]

TABLE-US-00054 PTU-3-S 10.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 157 PTU-5-S 10.0% Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 19.2 PPTU-4-S  6.0% ε.sub.∥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 23.1 PPTU-5-S 15.0% ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 3.9 PGU-3-S 15.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 482 PPU-TO-S  7.0% K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 18.9 CPTU-5-S 24.0% K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 24.4 CPU(F, F)-3-S 13.0% K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.29 Σ  100% V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.05 τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.328 ε.sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.59 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.41 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0053 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0094 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 34.8

Example N46

[0722]

TABLE-US-00055 PTU-3-S 10.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 159 PTU-5-S  6.0% Δε [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 19.7 PPTU-4-S  6.0% ε.sub.∥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 23.7 PPTU-5-S 12.0% ε.sub.⊥ [1 kHz, 20° C.]: 4.0 PGTU-4-S  6.0% γ.sub.1 [mPa s, 20° C.]: 596 PGU-3-S 10.0% K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 19.6 CPTU-5-S 10.0% K.sub.3 [pN, 20° C.]: 20.9 PPU-TO-S 10.0% K.sub.3/K.sub.1 [pN, 20° C.]: 1.06 CPU(F, F)-3-S 10.0% V.sub.0 [V, 20° C.]: 1.05 PPTU-4(1.sup.[2])-S 20.0% τ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.339 Σ  100% ε.sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 3.70 ε.sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 2.45 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,∥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0050 tan δ.sub.ε .sub.r,⊥ [20° C., 19 GHz]: 0.0090 η [20° C., 19 GHz]: 37.8

Example N46

[0723]

TABLE-US-00056 PTU-3-S 10.0% T(N, I) [° C.]: 154 PTU-5-S 10.0% PPTU-4-S  6.0% PPTU-5-S 15.0% PGU-3-S 15.0% PPU-TO-S  7.0% CPTU-5-S 24.0% CPU(F, F)-3-S 13.0% Σ  100%

[0724] The liquid-crystalline media according to the invention exhibit high clearing temperatures in combination with very good LTS and excellent microwave-application relevant properties. Compared to the media known from the state of the art, higher material quality (η) is observed due to higher tunability (τ) and/or lower dielectric loss (tan δ).