Earth-boring tools having shaped cutting elements

Abstract

Cutting elements include a volume of superabrasive material. The volume of superabrasive material comprises a front-cutting surface, an end-cutting surface, a cutting edge, and lateral side surfaces extending between and intersecting each of the front-cutting surface and the end-cutting surface. An earth-boring tool may comprise a bit body and at least one cutting element attached to the bit body. Methods of forming cutting elements comprise forming a volume of superabrasive material comprising forming a front-cutting surface, an end-cutting surface, a cutting edge, and lateral side surfaces extending between and intersecting each of the front-cutting surface and the end-cutting surface. Methods of forming earth-boring tools comprise forming a cutting element and attaching the cutting element to an earth-boring tool.

Claims

1. A fixed-cutter bit, comprising: a fixed-cutter bit body having a plurality of blades; and at least one cutting element attached to a blade of the fixed-cutter bit body, the at least one cutting element comprising: a substrate; and a volume of superabrasive material bonded to the substrate at an interface, the volume of superabrasive material comprising: an end cutting surface; a first side chamfer surface; a second side chamfer surface; a lateral side cutting surface intersecting each of the first side chamfer surface and the second side chamfer surface; and a cutting edge at an intersection of the end cutting surface and the lateral side cutting surface; wherein the at least one cutting element is oriented on the blade such that a portion of the lateral side cutting surface contacts a point on an exposed surface of a subterranean formation before any portion of the end cutting surface contacts the point on the exposed surface when the fixed-cutter bit body is rotated within a wellbore.

2. The fixed-cutter bit of claim 1, wherein the at least one cutting element exhibits an effective positive back rake angle.

3. The fixed-cutter bit of claim 1, wherein the end cutting surface intersects each of the first side chamfer surface and the second side chamfer surface.

4. The fixed-cutter bit of claim 3, wherein the end cutting surface is substantially planar.

5. The fixed-cutter bit of claim 4, wherein the end-cutting surface is oriented at an acute angle greater than zero degrees (0°) and less than ninety degrees (90°) relative to a longitudinal axis of the cutting element, the longitudinal axis defined as an axis normal to a surface of the cutting element opposite the end-cutting surface.

6. The fixed-cutter bit of claim 1, wherein the at least one cutting element is generally cylindrical.

7. The fixed-cutter bit of claim 1, wherein the first side chamfer surface is discontinuous from the second side chamfer surface.

8. The fixed-cutter bit of claim 1, wherein the at least one cutting element is secured to a leading edge of the blade.

9. The fixed-cutter bit of claim 1, wherein the at least one cutting element comprises at least one polished surface.

10. The fixed-cutter bit of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the lateral side cutting surface is frustoconical.

11. The fixed-cutter bit of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the lateral side cutting surface is cylindrical.

12. The fixed-cutter bit of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first side chamfer surface and the second side chamfer surface is substantially planar.

13. The fixed-cutter bit of claim 1, wherein the first side chamfer surface and the second side chamfer surface have mirror-image geometries.

14. The fixed-cutter bit of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the end cutting surface exhibits a linear profile in a plane extending longitudinally through the at least one cutting element, the plane extending along a longitudinal axis of the at least one cutting element and intersecting the portion of the cutting edge most distal from the interface.

15. The fixed-cutter bit of claim 14, wherein the linear profile of the at least a portion of the end cutting surface is oriented at an acute angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the cutting element.

16. A fixed-cutter bit, comprising: a fixed-cutter bit body having a plurality of blades; and at least one cutting element attached to a blade of the fixed-cutter bit body, the at least one cutting element comprising: a volume of superabrasive material, comprising: an end cutting surface; a first side chamfer surface; a second side chamfer surface; a lateral side cutting surface intersecting each of the first side chamfer surface and the second side chamfer surface; and a cutting edge at an intersection of the end cutting surface and the lateral side cutting surface; a base surface; and a longitudinal axis extending through the cutting surface and the base surface, wherein the longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the base surface; wherein the at least one cutting element is oriented such that a portion of the lateral side cutting surface contacts a point on an exposed surface of a subterranean formation before any portion of the end cutting surface contacts the point on the exposed surface when the fixed-cutter bit body is rotated within a wellbore.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming that which are regarded as embodiments of the present invention, advantages of embodiments of the disclosure may be more readily ascertained from the description of certain example embodiments set forth below, when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

(2) FIG. 1 is a side elevation view of an embodiment of a cutting element of the disclosure;

(3) FIG. 2A is a perspective view of another embodiment of a cutting element of the disclosure that may be provided by forming a planar surface on the cutting element shown in FIG. 1 along the plane illustrated by line A-A shown in FIG. 1;

(4) FIG. 2B is an enlarged, partial side elevation view of the cutting element shown in FIG. 2A;

(5) FIG. 2C is an enlarged, partial front elevation view of the cutting element shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B;

(6) FIG. 3A is a perspective view of another embodiment of a cutting element of the disclosure that may be provided by forming a planar surface on the cutting element shown in FIG. 1 along the plane illustrated by line B-B shown in FIG. 1;

(7) FIG. 3B is an enlarged, partial side elevation view of the cutting element shown in FIG. 3A;

(8) FIG. 3C is an enlarged, partial front elevation view of the cutting element shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B;

(9) FIG. 4 is a side elevation view of another embodiment of a cutting element of the disclosure;

(10) FIG. 5A is a perspective view of another embodiment of a cutting element of the disclosure that may be provided by forming a planar surface on the cutting element shown in FIG. 4 along the plane illustrated by line C-C shown in FIG. 4;

(11) FIG. 5B is an enlarged, partial side elevation view of the cutting element shown in FIG. 5A;

(12) FIG. 5C is an enlarged, partial front elevation view of the cutting element shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B;

(13) FIG. 6A is a perspective view of another embodiment of a cutting element of the disclosure that may be provided by forming a planar surface on the cutting element shown in FIG. 4 along the plane illustrated by line D-D shown in FIG. 4;

(14) FIG. 6B is an enlarged, partial side elevation view of the cutting element shown in FIG. 6A; and

(15) FIG. 6C is an enlarged, partial front elevation view of the cutting element shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B;

(16) FIG. 7A is a perspective view of another embodiment of an at least partially formed cutting element of the present disclosure;

(17) FIG. 7B is a plan view of a front-cutting surface of the cutting element shown in FIG. 7A; and

(18) FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an earth-boring tool that may include any of the embodiments of cutting elements described herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(19) The illustrations presented herein are not meant to be actual views of any particular cutting element, earth-boring tool, or portion of such a cutting element or tool, but are merely idealized representations that are employed to describe embodiments of the present disclosure. Additionally, elements common between figures may retain the same numerical designation.

(20) FIG. 1 is a side elevation view of an embodiment of an at least partially formed cutting element 100. The cutting element 100 includes a volume of superabrasive material (superabrasive material includes polycrystalline diamond material and/or cubic boron nitride), which, though it need not include diamond, is referred to for simplicity herein as a diamond table 102, on a substrate 104. The substrate 104 may comprise, for example, a cemented carbide material such as cobalt-cemented tungsten carbide. In additional embodiments, the entire cutting element 100 may be at least substantially comprised of superabrasive material. In yet further embodiments, the entire cutting element 100 may be at least substantially comprised of a cemented carbide material such as cobalt-cemented tungsten carbide.

(21) The cutting element 100 may be polyhedral, but may be elongated and may have a longitudinal axis A.sub.L. The cutting element 100 may be generally cylindrical. The diamond table 102 may include a generally cylindrical lateral side surface 112 that is generally coextensive and continuous with a generally cylindrical lateral side surface 105 of the substrate 104. The diamond table 102 may also include a curved end-cutting surface 106, and a frustoconical lateral side surface 110 extending between the generally cylindrical lateral side surface 112 and the curved end-cutting surface 106 on two sides of the cutting element 100, which are the left side of the cutting element 100 and the right side of the cutting element 100 from the perspective of in FIG. 1. The diamond table 102 may also include two flat planar chamfer surfaces 114 on two sides (e.g., opposing sides) of the cutting element 100, which are the front and back sides of the cutting element 100 from the perspective of FIG. 1. Thus, only one of the flat planar chamfer surfaces 114 is visible in FIG. 1.

(22) As known to those of ordinary skill in the art, the cutting element 100 may be attached to an earth-boring tool, such as an earth-boring rotary drill bit (e.g., a fixed-cutter rotary drill bit), in such a manner that the diamond table 102 of the cutting element 100 will contact a surface of the formation within a wellbore as the earth-boring tool is used in a drilling or reaming process to form the wellbore. Referring briefly to FIG. 8, an earth-boring tool 800 may include a plurality of cutting elements 806, such as cutting elements 100 shown in FIG. 1.

(23) Referring again to FIG. 1, the cutting element 100 may be mounted on an earth-boring tool such that an edge 111 of the diamond table 102 proximate the intersection between the curved endcutting surface 106 and the frustoconical lateral side surface 110 will contact an exposed surface of a subterranean formation within a wellbore, which surface is represented by the line 120 in FIG. 1. In other words, a portion of the frustoconical lateral side surface may be a front-cutting surface in contact with an exposed surface of a subterranean formation within a wellbore. As shown in FIG. 1, an angle θ between the frustoconical lateral side surface 110 and the surface of a subterranean formation (represented by line 120) within a wellbore may be from about two degrees (2°) to about thirty degrees (30°) (e.g., about fifteen degrees) (15°).

(24) The cutting element 100 may be mounted on an earth-boring tool in an orientation that includes a physical side rake angle, or it may be mounted neutrally without any side rake angle. The cutting element 100 also may be mounted on an earth-boring tool in an orientation that includes a physical positive back rake angle, a physical negative back rake angle (i.e., a forward rake angle), or neutrally without any physical back rake angle (or forward rake angle).

(25) By modifying the cutting element 100 shown in FIG. 1 to include a planar end-cutting surface (as opposed to a curved end-cutting surface 106 as shown in FIG. 1) oriented at an acute angle α greater than zero degrees (0°) and less than ninety degrees (90°) to the longitudinal axis A.sub.L of the cutting element 100, the cutting element 100 may be caused to exhibit an effective positive back rake angle, even when the cutting element 100 is mounted on an earth-boring tool in an orientation that includes a physical negative back rake angle (i.e., a forward rake angle), or neutrally without any physical back rake angle (or forward rake angle). The magnitude of the effective positive back rake angle may be at least partially determined by the magnitude of the acute angle α between the longitudinal axis A.sub.L of the cutting element 100 and the planar end-cutting surface.

(26) For example, FIGS. 2A through 2C illustrate another embodiment of a cutting element 200 that may be provided by forming a planar end-cutting surface 202 on the cutting element 100 shown in FIG. 1 along the plane illustrated by line A-A in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 1, line A-A (and, hence, the planar end-cutting surface 202) is oriented at an acute angle α.sub.1 to the longitudinal axis A.sub.L of the cutting element 200.

(27) As another example, FIGS. 3A through 3C illustrate an embodiment of a cutting element 300 that may be provided by forming a planar end-cutting surface 302 on the cutting element 100 shown in FIG. 1 along the plane illustrated by line B-B in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 1, line B-B (and, hence, the planar end-cutting surface 302) is oriented at an acute angle α.sub.2 to the longitudinal axis A.sub.L of the cutting element 300.

(28) As will be appreciated by comparing lines A-A and B-B in FIG. 1, the acute angle α.sub.2 between the planar end-cutting surface 302 and the longitudinal axis A.sub.L of the cutting element 300 is less than the acute angle α.sub.1 between the planar end-cutting surface 202 and the longitudinal axis A.sub.L of the cutting element 200.

(29) With continued reference to FIG. 1, the acute angle α.sub.1 between the planar end-cutting surface 202 and the longitudinal axis A.sub.L of the cutting element 200 may be selected such that the angle ε.sub.1 between the planar end-cutting surface 202 and the surface of a subterranean formation within a wellbore (represented by line 120) may be less than ninety degrees (90°), and, hence, such that the cutting element 200 of FIGS. 2A through 2C exhibits an effective negative back rake angle (i.e., an effective forward rake angle).

(30) As also shown in FIG. 1, the acute angle α.sub.2 between the planar end-cutting surface 302 and the longitudinal axis A.sub.L of the cutting element 300 may be selected such that the angle ε.sub.2 between the planar end-cutting surface 302 and the surface of a subterranean formation within a wellbore (represented by line 120) may be greater than ninety degrees (90°), and, hence, such that the cutting element 200 of FIGS. 3A through 3C exhibits an effective positive back rake angle (i.e., an effective back rake angle).

(31) FIG. 4 is a side elevation view of another embodiment of an at least partially formed cutting element 400. The cutting element 400 may include a volume of polycrystalline diamond material (or another superabrasive material, such as cubic boron nitride), which is referred to herein as a diamond table 402, on a substrate 404. The substrate 404 may comprise, for example, a cemented carbide material such as cobalt-cemented tungsten carbide. In additional embodiments, the entire cutting element 400 may be at least substantially comprised of polycrystalline diamond material. In yet further embodiments, the entire cutting element 400 may be at least substantially comprised of a cemented carbide material such as cobalt-cemented tungsten carbide.

(32) The cutting element 400 may be polyhedral, but may be elongated and have a longitudinal axis A.sub.L. In some embodiments, the cutting element 400 may be generally cylindrical in shape. The diamond table 402 may include a generally cylindrical lateral side surface 403 that is generally coextensive and continuous with a generally cylindrical lateral side surface 405 of the substrate 404. A frustoconical surface 410 extends between the generally cylindrical lateral side surface 403 and an end-cutting surface 408 around at least a portion of the cutting element 400. The diamond table 402 also includes a front-cutting surface 406, a first curved, concave lateral side surface 412 extending between the front-cutting surface 406 and the generally frustoconical lateral side surface 410, and a second curved, concave lateral side surface 416 (not shown in FIG. 4; see, e.g., FIGS. 5C and 6C) extending between the front-cutting surface 406 and the generally frustoconical lateral side surface 410. Each of the first curved, concave lateral side surface 412 and the second curved, concave lateral side surface 416 may also extend to the end-cutting surface 408. The first curved, concave lateral side surface 412 and the second curved, concave lateral side surface 416 may be on opposing sides of the cutting element 400. A cutting edge 409 is located proximate an intersection between the front-cutting surface 406 and the end-cutting surface 408. Though illustrated in FIG. 4 as a sharp edge defined by the intersection between the front-cutting surface 406 and the end-cutting surface 408, the cutting edge 409 may include a chamfer or a radius. Such a chamfer or radius may improve durability of the cutting element 400.

(33) The front-cutting surface 406 may be at least substantially planar in some embodiments (as shown in FIG. 4), but may be convexly curved in additional embodiments. Similarly, the end surface 408 may be convexly curved in some embodiments (as shown in FIG. 4), but may be at least substantially planar in additional embodiments.

(34) The cutting element 400 may be attached to an earth-boring tool, such as an earth-boring rotary drill bit (e.g., a fixed-cutter rotary drill bit), in such a manner that the diamond table 402 of the cutting element 400 will contact a surface of the formation within a wellbore as the earth-boring tool is used in a drilling or reaming process to form the wellbore. Referring briefly to FIG. 8, an earth-boring tool 800 may include a plurality of cutting elements 806, such as cutting elements 400 shown in FIG. 4.

(35) When the cutting element 400 is attached to an earth-boring tool, and as the cutting element 400 is used to cut formation material, the first curved lateral side surface 412 and the second curved lateral side surface 416 may direct cuttings and crushed formation material away from the surface of the earth-boring tool to which the cutting element 400 is attached. For example, in embodiments in which the cutting element 400 is attached to a blade of a fixed-cutter earth-boring rotary drill bit, the cutting element 400 may direct cuttings and crushed formation material away from the surface of the blade of the drill bit.

(36) The concave shape of the first curved lateral side surface 412 and the second curved lateral side surface 416 may also direct cuttings and crushed formation material around the cutting element 400 and outwardly toward the lateral sides of the cutting element 400. In some embodiments, the cutting element 400 may be attached to an earth-boring tool proximate or adjacent conventional shear cutting elements (e.g., between two shear cutting elements) as disclosed in, for example, provisional U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 61/290,401, filed Dec. 28, 2009 and entitled “Drill Bits And Other Earth-Boring Tools Having Differing Cutting Elements On A Common Blade, And Related Methods,” U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/793,396, filed Jun. 3, 2010 and entitled “Earth-Boring Tools Having Differing Cutting Elements on a Blade and Related Methods,” the disclosures of each of which are incorporated herein in their entirety by this reference. In such embodiments, the concave shape of the first curved lateral side surface 412 and the second curved lateral side surface 416 may also direct cuttings and crushed formation material generated by the cutting element 400 toward the cutting path of one or more adjacent shear cutting elements, which may then further assist in cutting and evacuation of the formation cuttings and crushed formation material generated by the cutting element 400.

(37) The first curved lateral side surface 412 and the second curved lateral side surface 416 may have similar (e.g., identical or mirror-image) or different geometries, and the geometries of each may be individually tailored to improve performance of the cutting element 400 during drilling operations.

(38) Thus, the concave shape of the first curved lateral side surface 412 and the second curved lateral side surface 416 of the cutting element 400 may reduce the occurrence of packing and accumulation of formation cuttings around the cutting element 400, which is referred to in the art as “balling.” Such balling of formation material around cutting elements may reduce the effectiveness of the cutting elements.

(39) The cutting element 400 may be mounted on an earth-boring tool such that the cutting edge 409 of the diamond table 402 located proximate the intersection between the front-cutting surface 406 and the end-cutting surface 408 will contact an exposed surface of a subterranean formation within a wellbore, which surface is represented by line 120 in FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 4, an angle θ between the front-cutting face 406 (and/or the frustoconical lateral side surface 410) and the surface of a subterranean formation 122 within a wellbore may be from about two degrees (2°) to about thirty degrees (30°) (e.g., about fifteen degrees) (15°).

(40) The cutting element 400 may be mounted on an earth-boring tool in an orientation that includes a physical side rake angle, or it may be mounted neutrally without any side rake angle. The cutting element 400 also may be mounted on an earth-boring tool in an orientation that includes a physical positive back rake angle, a physical negative back rake angle (i.e., a forward rake angle), or neutrally without any physical back rake angle (or forward rake angle).

(41) In some embodiments, the end surface 408 may be generally planar, and may be oriented at an acute angle α (for example, α.sub.3, α.sub.4 in FIG. 4) greater than zero degrees (0°) and less than ninety degrees (90°) to the longitudinal axis A.sub.L of the cutting element 400. In such embodiments, the cutting element 400 optionally may be mounted on an earth-boring tool in such a manner as to cause the cutting element 400 to exhibit an effective positive back rake angle, even though the cutting element 400 is mounted on an earth-boring tool in an orientation that includes a physical negative back rake angle (i.e., a forward rake angle), or neutrally without any physical back rake angle (or forward rake angle) as determined by the angle between the longitudinal axis A.sub.L of the cutting element 400 and the surface of the formation. The magnitude of the effective positive back rake angle may be at least partially determined by the magnitude of the acute angle α between the longitudinal axis A.sub.L of the cutting element 400 and the planar end surface.

(42) For example, FIGS. 5A through 5C illustrate another embodiment of a cutting element 500 that may be provided by forming a planar end surface 508 on the cutting element 400 shown in FIG. 4 along the plane illustrated by line C-C in FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 4, line C-C (and, hence, the planar end surface 508) is oriented at an acute angle α.sub.3 to the longitudinal axis A.sub.L of the cutting element 500. A cutting edge 509 is located proximate an intersection between the front-cutting surface 406 and the end-cutting surface 508. The cutting edge 509 may be chamfered or radiused.

(43) As another example, FIGS. 6A through 6C illustrate an embodiment of a cutting element 600 that may be provided by forming a planar end surface 608 on the cutting element 400 shown in FIG. 4 along the plane illustrated by line D-D in FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 4, line D-D (and, hence, the planar end surface 608) is oriented at an acute angle α.sub.4 to the longitudinal axis A.sub.L of the cutting element 600. A cutting edge 609 is located proximate an intersection between the front-cutting surface 406 and the end-cutting surface 608. The cutting edge 609 may be chamfered or radiused.

(44) As will be appreciated by comparing lines C-C and D-D in FIG. 4, the acute angle α.sub.4 between the planar end surface 608 (as represented by line D-D) and the longitudinal axis A.sub.L of the cutting element 600 is less than the acute angle α.sub.3 between the planar end surface 508 (as represented by line C-C) and the longitudinal axis A.sub.L of the cutting element 500.

(45) With continued reference to FIG. 4, the acute angle α.sub.3 between the planar end surface 508 and the longitudinal axis A.sub.L of the cutting element 500 may be selected such that the angle ε.sub.3 between the planar end surface 508 and the surface of a subterranean formation within a wellbore (represented by line 120) may be less than ninety degrees (90°), and, hence, such that the cutting element 500 of FIGS. 5A through 5C exhibits an effective negative back rake angle (i.e., an effective forward rake angle).

(46) As also shown in FIG. 4, the acute angle α.sub.4 between the planar end surface 608 and the longitudinal axis A.sub.L of the cutting element 600 may be selected such that the angle α.sub.t between the planar end surface 608 and the surface of a subterranean formation within a wellbore (represented by line 120) may be greater than ninety degrees (90°), and, hence, such that the cutting element 600 of FIGS. 6A through 6C exhibits an effective positive back rake angle (i.e., an effective back rake angle).

(47) FIG. 7A is a perspective view of another embodiment of an at least partially formed cutting element 700. The cutting element 700 includes a volume of superabrasive material (polycrystalline diamond material and/or cubic boron nitride), which is referred to herein as a diamond table 702, on a substrate 704. The substrate 704 may comprise, for example, a cemented carbide material such as cobalt-cemented tungsten carbide. In additional embodiments, the entire cutting element 700 may be at least substantially comprised of polycrystalline diamond material. In yet further embodiments, the entire cutting element 700 may be at least substantially comprised of a cemented carbide material such as cobalt-cemented tungsten carbide.

(48) The cutting element 700 may be polygonal in shape. The diamond table 702 may include a front-cutting surface 706, an end-cutting surface 708, a first generally planar lateral side surface 710, a first curved, concave lateral side surface 712 extending between the front-cutting surface 706 and the first generally planar lateral side surface 710, a second generally planar lateral side surface 714 (shown in FIG. 7B), and a second curved, concave lateral side surface 716 (shown in FIG. 7B) extending between the front-cutting surface 706 and the second generally planar lateral side surface 714. A cutting edge 709 is located proximate an intersection between the front-cutting surface 706 and the end-cutting surface 708. The cutting edge 709 may be chamfered or radiused. The cutting element 700 also may include a base end surface 718 on an opposing end of the cutting element 700 from the end-cutting surface 708, and a back surface 720 on an opposing side of the cutting element 700 from the front-cutting surface 706. In some embodiments, one or both of the base end surface 718 and the back surface 720 may be at least substantially planar.

(49) The cutting element 700 may have a cutting element axis A.sub.L defined as an axis extending between a center of the end-cutting surface 708 and a center of the base end surface 718 of the cutting element 700. An average width of the front-cutting surface 706 measured perpendicularly to the cutting element axis A.sub.L may be less than an average width of the back surface 720 measured perpendicularly to the cutting element axis A.sub.L. For example, the average width of the front-cutting surface 706 may be about ninety-five percent (95%) or less of the average width of the back surface 720 in some embodiments.

(50) FIG. 7B is a plan view of the front-cutting surface 706 of the cutting element 700 shown in FIG. 7A. The front-cutting surface 706 may be convexly curved in some embodiments (as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B), but may be at least substantially planar in additional embodiments. Similarly, the end-cutting surface 708 may be at least substantially planar in some embodiments (as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B), but may be convexly curved in additional embodiments.

(51) The cutting element 700 may be attached to an earth-boring tool, such as an earth-boring rotary drill bit (e.g., a fixed-cutter rotary drill bit). When the cutting element 700 is attached to an earth-boring tool, and as the cutting element 700 is used to cut formation material, the first concave lateral side surface 712 and the second concave lateral side surface 716 may direct cuttings and crushed formation material around and laterally outward from the cutting element 700 (e.g., along a path 730), in a manner similar to that previously described herein in relation to the first and second curved lateral side surfaces 412, 114 of the cutting element 400 of FIG. 4. The first concave lateral side surface 712 and the second concave lateral side surface 716 may have similar or different geometries, and the geometries of each may be individually tailored to improve performance of the cutting element 700 during drilling operations.

(52) As shown in FIG. 8, an earth-boring tool 800 may include a bit body 802 and a plurality of blades 804. The earth-boring tool 800 shown in FIG. 8 comprises a fixed-cutter rotary drill bit, although embodiments of the invention also include other known types of earth-boring tools including, for example, other types of drill bits (e.g., roller cone drill bits, diamond impregnated drill bits, coring bits, and percussion bits), casing and liner drilling tools, reamers, or other hole-opening tools, as well as stabilizers, packers, or steerable assemblies such as steerable liner systems. A plurality of cutting elements 806 may be mounted to the bit body 802, such as to each of the blades 804. For example, cutting elements 806 may be mounted to leading edges of blades 804. Cutting elements 806 may include any of cutting elements 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, and/or 700, as described herein. Cutting elements 806 may be attached to the bit body 802 by any method known in the art, such as by brazing, welding, co-sintering, etc. The cutting elements 806 may be substantially similar to one another in material composition and geometry, or may be different from other cutting elements 806. For example, cutting elements 806 in a cone region of the earth-boring tool may have a different geometry than cutting elements 806 in a nose region, a shoulder region, or a gage region. The geometry and materials of each cutting element 806 may be selected to optimize abrasive properties of the earth-boring tool 800.

(53) Certain regions of the superabrasive material of embodiments of cutting elements (e.g., diamond tables 102, 402, or 702), or the entire volume of superabrasive material, optionally may be processed (e.g., etched) to remove metal material (e.g., such as a metal catalyst used to catalyze formation of diamond-to-diamond bonds between diamond crystals (i.e., grains) in the superabrasive material) from between the interbonded diamond grains of the superabrasive material, such that the superabrasive material is relatively more thermally stable.

(54) Furthermore, certain exposed surfaces of the superabrasive material of embodiments of cutting elements (e.g., diamond tables 102, 402, or 702), or all exposed surfaces of the superabrasive material, optionally may be polished to increase the smoothness of the surfaces in such a manner as to reduce sticking of formation materials to the surfaces during drilling operations.

(55) The enhanced shape of the cutting elements described herein may be used to improve the behavior and durability of the cutting elements when drilling in relatively hard rock formations. Furthermore, the shape of the cutting elements may be used to provide an effective positive or negative back rake angle, regardless of whether the cutting element has a physical positive or negative back rake angle. The shape of the cutting elements described herein may provide a plowing cutting action when mounted on an earth-boring tool and when used to cut a subterranean formation. In other words, the cutting elements may remove formation material using crushing and/or gouging mechanisms, in addition to, or in place of, shearing mechanisms employed by conventional shear cutting elements.

(56) Though the cutting elements 100 and 400 in FIGS. 1 and 4 are shown to contact the surface of a subterranean formation (represented by line 120) along one side of the cutting element (i.e., the edge 111 or the cutting surface 409), the cutting element may be mounted in an earth-boring tool such that an opposite side of the cutting element contacts the subterranean formation. For example, as shown in FIG. 2B, either the surface 204 (corresponding to the edge 111 in FIG. 1) or the surface 206 may contact the subterranean formation. The back rake angle and/or the side rake angle may vary based on which surface 204 or 206 is configured to contact the subterranean formation. The cutting elements 300, 500, and 600 may be similarly configured.

(57) Additional non-limiting example embodiments of the disclosure are described below.

Embodiment 1

(58) A cutting element comprising a volume of superabrasive material. The volume of superabrasive material comprises a front-cutting surface, an end-cutting surface, a cutting edge proximate an intersection between the front-cutting surface and the end-cutting surface, a first lateral side surface extending between and intersecting each of the front-cutting surface and the end-cutting surface, and a second lateral side surface extending between and intersecting each of the front-cutting surface and the end-cutting surface on an opposing side of the cutting element from the first lateral side surface.

Embodiment 2

(59) The cutting element of Embodiment 1, wherein the cutting element is at least substantially comprised of the volume of superabrasive material.

Embodiment 3

(60) The cutting element of Embodiment 1, further comprising a cemented carbide substrate, the volume of superabrasive material disposed on the cemented carbide substrate.

Embodiment 4

(61) The cutting element of any of Embodiments 1 through 3, wherein each of the first lateral side surface and the second lateral side surface comprises a concave surface.

Embodiment 5

(62) The cutting element of any of Embodiments 1 through 3, wherein each of the first lateral side surface and the second lateral side surface comprises a substantially planar surface.

Embodiment 6

(63) The cutting element of any of Embodiments 1 through 5, wherein the end-cutting surface comprises an at least substantially planar surface.

Embodiment 7

(64) The cutting element of any of Embodiments 1 through 5, wherein the end-cutting surface comprises a convexly curved surface.

Embodiment 8

(65) The cutting element of any of Embodiments 1 through 7, wherein the front-cutting surface comprises an at least substantially planar surface.

Embodiment 9

(66) The cutting element of any of Embodiments 1 through 7, wherein the front-cutting surface comprises a convexly curved surface.

Embodiment 10

(67) The cutting element of any of Embodiments 1 through 9, wherein the cutting element is generally cylindrical.

Embodiment 11

(68) The cutting element of any of Embodiments 1 through 9, wherein the volume of superabrasive material further comprises at least one of an at least substantially planar back surface on an opposing side of the cutting element from the front-cutting surface; and an at least substantially planar base end surface on an opposing side of the cutting element from the end-cutting surface.

Embodiment 12

(69) The cutting element of any of Embodiments 1 through 3, wherein the front-cutting surface comprises a frustoconical lateral side surface and wherein the first and second lateral side surfaces comprise flat planar chamfer surfaces intersecting each of the front-cutting surface and the end-cutting surface.

Embodiment 13

(70) A cutting element for an earth-boring tool, the cutting element comprising a volume of superabrasive material. The volume of superabrasive material comprises a front-cutting surface, a back surface on an opposing side of the cutting element from the front-cutting surface, an end-cutting surface, a base end surface on an opposing side of the cutting element from the end-cutting surface, a cutting edge proximate an intersection between the front-cutting surface and the end-cutting surface, a first lateral side surface extending between and intersecting each of the front-cutting surface and the end-cutting surface, and a second lateral side surface extending between and intersecting each of the front-cutting surface and the end-cutting surface on an opposing side of the cutting element from the first lateral side surface. The front-cutting surface has an average width less than an average width of the back surface.

Embodiment 14

(71) The cutting element of Embodiment 13, wherein the average width of the front-cutting surface is about ninety-five percent (95%) or less of the average width of the back surface.

Embodiment 15

(72) The cutting element of Embodiment 13 or Embodiment 14, wherein the front-cutting surface is at least substantially planar.

Embodiment 16

(73) The cutting element of any of Embodiments 13 through 15, wherein each of the first lateral side surface and the second lateral side surface comprises a curved surface.

Embodiment 17

(74) An earth-boring tool comprising a bit body and at least one cutting element attached to the bit body. The at least one cutting element comprises a front-cutting surface, an end-cutting surface, a cutting edge proximate an intersection between the front-cutting surface and the end-cutting surface, a first lateral side surface extending between and intersecting each of the front-cutting surface and the end-cutting surface, and a second lateral side surface extending between and intersecting each of the front-cutting surface and the end-cutting surface on an opposing side of the cutting element from the first lateral side surface.

Embodiment 18

(75) The earth-boring tool of Embodiment 17, wherein at least one of the front-cutting surface, the end-cutting surface, the first lateral side surface, and the second lateral side surface comprises a curved surface.

Embodiment 19

(76) A method of forming a cutting element, comprising forming a volume of superabrasive material. Forming the volume of superabrasive material comprises forming a cutting edge of the cutting element proximate an intersection between a front-cutting surface and an end-cutting surface, forming a first lateral side surface of the cutting element extending between and intersecting each of the front-cutting surface and the end-cutting surface, and forming a second lateral side surface of the cutting element extending between and intersecting each of the front-cutting surface and the end-cutting surface on an opposing side of the cutting element from the first lateral side surface.

Embodiment 20

(77) The method of Embodiment 19, further comprising forming a planar end-cutting surface oriented at an acute angle to a longitudinal axis of the cutting element.

Embodiment 21

(78) The method of Embodiment 19 or Embodiment 20, wherein each of forming a first lateral side surface and forming a second lateral side surface comprises forming a curved surface.

Embodiment 22

(79) A method of forming an earth-boring tool, comprising forming a cutting element and attaching the cutting element to an earth-boring tool. Forming the cutting element comprises forming a cutting edge of the cutting element proximate an intersection between a front-cutting surface and an end-cutting surface, forming a first lateral side surface of the cutting element extending between and intersecting each of the front-cutting surface and the end-cutting surface, and forming a second lateral side surface of the cutting element extending between and intersecting each of the front-cutting surface and the end-cutting surface on an opposing side of the cutting element from the first lateral side surface.

Embodiment 23

(80) The method of Embodiment 22, wherein attaching the cutting element to an earth-boring tool comprises attaching the cutting element to a fixed-cutter earth-boring rotary drill bit.

(81) While the present disclosure has been set forth herein with respect to certain embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize and appreciate that it is not so limited. Rather, many additions, deletions and modifications to the embodiments described herein may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed. In addition, features from one embodiment may be combined with features of another embodiment while still being encompassed within the scope of the invention as contemplated by the inventor.