Combination of Novel Nitrification Inhibitors and Herbicides as Well as Combination of (Thio)Phosphoric Acid Triamides and Herbicides

Abstract

A composition including (a) at least one (thio)phosphoric acid triamide (T) according to the general formula (Ia)

R.sup.a1R.sup.a2N—P(X)(NH.sub.2).sub.2  (Ia)

wherein X is oxygen or sulfur; R.sup.a1 is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.3 to C.sub.20 cycloalkyl, C.sub.6 to C.sub.20 aryl, or dialkylaminocarbonyl group; R.sup.a2 is H; or R.sup.a1 and R.sup.a2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; and (b) at least one specific herbicide.

Claims

1. A composition comprising: a) at least one (thio)phosphoric acid triamide (T) according to the general formula (Ia)
R.sup.a1R.sup.a2N—P(X)(NH.sub.2).sub.2  (Ia) wherein X is oxygen or sulfur; R.sup.a1 is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.3 to C.sub.20 cycloalkyl, C.sub.6 to C.sub.20 aryl, or dialkylaminocarbonyl group; R.sup.a2 is H, or R.sup.a1 and R.sup.a2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; and b) at least one herbicide selected from the group consisting of: (i) amino acid derivatives selected from the group consisting of glyphosate (B.2.1), glufosinate (B.2.2), sulfosate (B.2.3), and bilanafos; (ii) acetamides selected from the group consisting of acetochlor (B.1.1), alachlor, butachlor, dimethachlor, dimethenamid (B.1.2), flufenacet (B.1.3), mefenacet (B.1.4), metolachlor (B.1.5), metazachlor (B.1.6), napropamide, naproanilide, pethoxamid, pretilachlor, propachlor, and thenylchlor; (iii) aryloxyphenoxypropionates selected from the group consisting of clodinafop (B.3.1), cyhalofop-butyl, fenoxaprop (B.3.2), fluazifop (B.3.3), haloxyfop (B.3.4), metamifop, propaquizafop (B.3.5), quizalofop, and quizalofop-P-tefuryl; (iv) bipyridyls selected from the group consisting of diquat, and paraquat (B.4.1); (v) (thio)carbamates selected from the group consisting of asulam, butylate, carbetamide, desmedipham, dimepiperate, eptam (EPTC), esprocarb, molinate, orbencarb, phenmedipham (B.5.1), prosulfocarb, pyributicarb, thiobencarb, and triallate; (vi) cyclohexanediones selected from the group consisting of butroxydim, clethodim (B.6.1), cycloxydim (B.6.2), profoxydim (B.6.3), sethoxydim (B.6.4), tepraloxydim (B.6.5), and tralkoxydim; (vii) dinitroanilines selected from the group consisting of benfluralin, ethalfluralin, oryzalin, pendimethalin (B.7.1), prodiamine (B.7.2), and trifluralin (B.7.3); (viii) diphenyl ethers selected from the group consisting of acifluorfen (B.8.1), aclonifen, bifenox, diclofop, ethoxyfen, fomesafen, lactofen, and oxyfluorfen; (ix) hydroxybenzonitriles selected from the group consisting of bomoxynil (B.9.1), dichlobenil, and ioxynil; (x) imidazolinones selected from the group consisting of imazamethabenz, imazamox (B.10.1), imazapic (B.10.2), imazapyr (B.10.3), imazaquin (B.10.4), and imazethapyr (B.10.5); (xi) phenoxy acetic acids selected from the group consisting of clomeprop, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (B.11.1), 2,4-DB, dichlorprop, MCPA, MCPA-thioethyl, MCPB, and Mecoprop; (xii) pyrazines selected from the group consisting of chloridazon (B.11.2), flufenpyr-ethyl, fluthiacet, norflurazon, and pyridate; (xiii) pyridines selected from the group consisting of aminopyralid, clopyralid (B.12.1), diflufenican, dithiopyr, fluridone, fluroxypyr (B.12.2), picloram (B.12.3), picolinafen (B.12.4), and thiazopyr; (xiv) sulfonyl ureas selected from the group consisting of amidosulfuron, azimsulfuron, bensulfuron (B.13.1), chlorimuron-ethyl (B.13.2), chlorsulfuron, cinosulfuron, cyclosulfamuron (B.13.3), ethoxysulfuron, flazasulfuron, flucetosulfuron, flupyrsulfuron, foramsulfuron, halosulfuron, imazosulfuron, iodosulfuron (B.13.4), mesosulfuron (B.13.5), metazosulfuron, metsulfuron-methyl (B.13.6), nicosulfuron (B.13.7), oxasulfuron, primisulfuron, prosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron, rimsulfuron (B.13.8), sulfometuron, sulfosulfuron, thifensulfuron, triasulfuron, tribenuron (B.13.10), trifloxysulfuron, triflusulfuron (B.13.9), tritosulfuron, and 1-((2-chloro-6-propyl-imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-3-yl)sulfonyl)-3-(4,6-dimethoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl)urea; (xv) triazines selected from the group consisting of ametryn, atrazine (B.14.1), cyanazine, dimethametryn, ethiozin, hexazinone (B.14.2), metamitron, metribuzin, prometryn, simazine, terbuthylazine, terbutryn, and triaziflam; (xvi) ureas selected from the group consisting of chlorotoluron, daimuron, diuron (B.15.1), fluometuron, isoproturon, linuron, methabenzthiazuron, and tebuthiuron; (xvii) other acetolactate synthase inhibitors selected from the group consisting of bispyribac-sodium, cloransulam-methyl, diclosulam, florasulam (B.16.1), flucarbazone, flumetsulam, metosulam, ortho-sulfamuron, penoxsulam, propoxycarbazone, pyribambenz-propyl, pyribenzoxim, pyriftalid, pyriminobac-methyl, pyrimisulfan, pyrithiobac, pyroxasulfone (B.16.2), and pyroxsulam; and (xviii) amicarbazone, aminotriazole, anilofos, beflubutamid, benazolin, bencarbazone, benfluresate, benzofenap, bentazone (B.17.1), benzobicyclon, bicyclopyrone, bromacil, bromobutide, butafenacil, butamifos, cafenstrole, carfentrazone, cinidon-ethyl (B.17.2), chlorthal, cinmethylin (B.17.3), clomazone (B.17.4), cumyluron, cyprosulfamide, dicamba (B.17.5), difenzoquat, diflufenzopyr (B.17.6), Drechslera monoceras, endothal, ethofumesate, etobenzanid, fenoxasulfone, fentrazamide, flumiclorac-pentyl, flumioxazin, flupoxam, flurochloridone, flurtamone, indanofan, isoxaben, isoxaflutole, lenacil, propanil, propyzamide, quinclorac (B.17.7), quinmerac (B.17.8), mesotrione (B.17.9), methyl arsonic acid, naptalam, oxadiargyl, oxadiazon, oxaziclomefone, pentoxazone, pinoxaden, pyraclonil, pyraflufen-ethyl, pyrasulfotole, pyrazoxyfen, pyrazolynate, quinoclamine, saflufenacil (B.17.10), sulcotrione (B.17.11), sulfentrazone, terbacil, tefuryltrione, tembotrione, thiencarbazone, topramezone (B.17.12), (3-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-trifluoromethyl-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl)-phenoxy]-pyridin-2-yloxy)-acetic acid ethyl ester, 6-amino-5-chloro-2-cyclopropyl-pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester, 6-chloro-3-(2-cyclopropyl-6-methyl-phenoxy)-pyridazin-4-ol, 4-amino-3-chloro-6-(4-chloro-phenyl)-5-fluoro-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, 4-amino-3-chloro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxy-phenyl)-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester, and 4-amino-3-chloro-6-(4-chloro-3-dimethylamino-2-fluoro-phenyl)-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein in the general formula (Ia) of (T) X is sulfur.

3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein in the general formula (Ia) of (T) R.sup.a1 is C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl and R.sup.a2 is H.

4. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the (thio)phosphoric acid triamide (T) is one of N-n-butylthiophosphoric acid triamide (NBPT) and N-n-propylthiophosphoric acid triamide (NPPT).

5. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the herbicide is a herbicide selected from the group consisting of dicamba (B.17.5), glyphosate (B.2.1), propaquizafop (B.3.5), cycloxydim (B.6.2), bomoxynil (B.9.1), imazamox (B.10.1), nicosulfuron (B.13.7), tribenuron (B.13.10), saflufenacil (B.17.10), topramezone (B.17.2), dimethenamid (B.1.2), and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (B.11.1).

6. A method for at least one of increasing the health of a plant and increasing the herbicidal activity of a herbicide, the method comprising: treating at least one of (a) a plant growing on at least one of soil or soil substituents, and (b) and at least one of the locus, soil, and soil substituents where the plant is at least one of growing or intended to grow, with a) at least one (thio)phosphoric acid triamide (T) according to the general formula (Ia)
R.sup.a1R.sup.a2N—P(X)(NH.sub.2).sub.2  (Ia) wherein X is oxygen or sulfur; R.sup.a1 is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.3 to C.sub.20 cycloalkyl, C.sub.6 to C.sub.20 aryl, or dialkylaminocarbonyl group; R.sup.a2 is H, or R.sup.a1 and R.sup.a2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur and b) at least one herbicide selected from the group consisting of (i) amino acid derivatives selected from the group consisting of glyphosate (B.2.1), glufosinate (B.2.2), sulfosate (B.2.3), and bilanafos; (ii) acetamides selected from the group consisting of acetochlor (B.1.1), alachlor, butachlor, dimethachlor, dimethenamid (B.1.2), flufenacet (B.1.3), mefenacet (B.1.4), metolachlor (B.1.5), metazachlor (B.1.6), napropamide, naproanilide, pethoxamid, pretilachlor, propachlor, and thenylchlor; (iii) aryloxyphenoxypropionates selected from the group consisting of clodinafop (B.3.1), cyhalofop-butyl, fenoxaprop (B.3.2), fluazifop (B.3.3), haloxyfop (B.3.4), metamifop, propaquizafop (B.3.5), quizalofop, and quizalofop-P-tefuryl; (iv) bipyridyls selected from the group consisting of diquat, and paraquat (B.4.1); (v) (thio)carbamates selected from the group consisting of asulam, butylate, carbetamide, desmedipham, dimepiperate, eptam (EPTC), esprocarb, molinate, orbencarb, phenmedipham (B.5.1), prosulfocarb, pyributicarb, thiobencarb, and triallate; (vi) cyclohexanediones selected from the group consisting of butroxydim, clethodim (B.6.1), cycloxydim (B.6.2), profoxydim (B.6.3), sethoxydim (B.6.4), tepraloxydim (B.6.5), and tralkoxydim; (vii) dinitroanilines selected from the group consisting of benfluralin, ethalfluralin, oryzalin, pendimethalin (B.7.1), prodiamine (B.7.2), and trifluralin (B.7.3); (viii) diphenyl ethers selected from the group consisting of acifluorfen (B.8.1), aclonifen, bifenox, diclofop, ethoxyfen, fomesafen, lactofen, and oxyfluorfen; (ix) hydroxybenzonitriles selected from the group consisting of bomoxynil (B.9.1), dichlobenil, and ioxynil; (x) imidazolinones selected from the group consisting of imazamethabenz, imazamox (B.10.1), imazapic (B.10.2), imazapyr (B.10.3), imazaquin (B.10.4), and imazethapyr (B.10.5); (xi) phenoxy acetic acids selected from the group consisting of clomeprop, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (B.11.1), 2,4-DB, dichlorprop, MCPA, MCPA-thioethyl, MCPB, and Mecoprop; (xii) pyrazines selected from the group consisting of chloridazon (B.11.2), flufenpyr-ethyl, fluthiacet, norflurazon, and pyridate; (xiii) pyridines selected from the group consisting of aminopyralid, clopyralid (B.12.1), diflufenican, dithiopyr, fluridone, fluroxypyr (B.12.2), picloram (B.12.3), picolinafen (B.12.4), and thiazopyr; (xiv) sulfonyl ureas selected from the group consisting of amidosulfuron, azimsulfuron, bensulfuron (B.13.1), chlorimuron-ethyl (B.13.2), chlorsulfuron, cinosulfuron, cyclosulfamuron (B.13.3), ethoxysulfuron, flazasulfuron, flucetosulfuron, flupyrsulfuron, foramsulfuron, halosulfuron, imazosulfuron, iodosulfuron (B.13.4), mesosulfuron (B.13.5), metazosulfuron, metsulfuron-methyl (B.13.6), nicosulfuron (B.13.7), oxasulfuron, primisulfuron, prosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron, rimsulfuron (B.13.8), sulfometuron, sulfosulfuron, thifensulfuron, triasulfuron, tribenuron (B.13.10), trifloxysulfuron, triflusulfuron (B.13.9), tritosulfuron, and 1-((2-chloro-6-propyl-imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-3-yl)sulfonyl)-3-(4,6-dimethoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl)urea; (xv) triazines selected from the group consisting of ametryn, atrazine (B.14.1), cyanazine, dimethametryn, ethiozin, hexazinone (B.14.2), metamitron, metribuzin, prometryn, simazine, terbuthylazine, terbutryn, and triaziflam; (xvi) ureas selected from the group consisting of chlorotoluron, daimuron, diuron (B.15.1), fluometuron, isoproturon, linuron, methabenzthiazuron, and tebuthiuron; (xvii) other acetolactate synthase inhibitors selected from the group consisting of bispyribac-sodium, cloransulam-methyl, diclosulam, florasulam (B.16.1), flucarbazone, flumetsulam, metosulam, ortho-sulfamuron, penoxsulam, propoxycarbazone, pyribambenz-propyl, pyribenzoxim, pyriftalid, pyriminobac-methyl, pyrimisulfan, pyrithiobac, pyroxasulfone (B.16.2), and pyroxsulam; and (xviii) amicarbazone, aminotriazole, anilofos, beflubutamid, benazolin, bencarbazone, benfluresate, benzofenap, bentazone (B.17.1), benzobicyclon, bicyclopyrone, bromacil, bromobutide, butafenacil, butamifos, cafenstrole, carfentrazone, cinidon-ethyl (B.17.2), chlorthal, cinmethylin (B.17.3), clomazone (B.17.4), cumyluron, cyprosulfamide, dicamba (B.17.5), difenzoquat, diflufenzopyr (B.17.6), Drechslera monoceras, endothal, ethofumesate, etobenzanid, fenoxasulfone, fentrazamide, flumiclorac-pentyl, flumioxazin, flupoxam, flurochloridone, flurtamone, indanofan, isoxaben, isoxaflutole, lenacil, propanil, propyzamide, quinclorac (B.17.7), quinmerac (B.17.8), mesotrione (B.17.9), methyl arsonic acid, naptalam, oxadiargyl, oxadiazon, oxaziclomefone, pentoxazone, pinoxaden, pyraclonil, pyraflufen-ethyl, pyrasulfotole, pyrazoxyfen, pyrazolynate, quinoclamine, saflufenacil (B.17.10), sulcotrione (B.17.11), sulfentrazone, terbacil, tefuryltrione, tembotrione, thiencarbazone, topramezone (B.17.12), (3-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-trifluoromethyl-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl)-phenoxy]-pyridin-2-yloxy)-acetic acid ethyl ester, 6-amino-5-chloro-2-cyclopropyl-pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester, 6-chloro-3-(2-cyclopropyl-6-methyl-phenoxy)-pyridazin-4-ol, 4-amino-3-chloro-6-(4-chloro-phenyl)-5-fluoro-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, 4-amino-3-chloro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxy-phenyl)-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester, and 4-amino-3-chloro-6-(4-chloro-3-dimethylamino-2-fluoro-phenyl)-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the plant is additionally provided with a urea-containing fertilizer selected from the group consisting of urea, formaldehyde urea, UAN, urea sulfur, stabilized urea, urea based NPK-fertilizers, and urea ammonium sulfate.

8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the herbicide is selected from the group consisting of dicamba (B.17.5), glyphosate (B.2.1), propaquizafop (B.3.5), cycloxydim (B.6.2), bomoxynil (B.9.1), imazamox (B.10.1), nicosulfuron (B.13.7), tribenuron (B.13.10), saflufenacil (B.17.10), topramezone (B.17.2), dimethenamid (B.1.2), and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (B.11.1).

9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the application of the (thio)phosphoric acid triamide (T) and the herbicide is carried out simultaneously or with a time lag.

10. A method for at least one of increasing the health of a plant and increasing the herbicidal activity of the herbicide, the method comprising using the composition of claim 1.

11-25. (canceled)

26. The method according to claim 9, wherein the application of the (thio)phosphoric acid triamide (T), the herbicide, and the urea-containing fertilizer is carried out simultaneously or with a time lag.

27. The method according to claim 26, wherein the time lag is an interval selected from the group consisting of 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, and 3 weeks.

28. The method according to claim 9, wherein the time lag is an interval selected from the group consisting of 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, and 3 weeks.

Description

EXAMPLE 1

[0485] Soil was sampled fresh from a field (e.g. Limburgerhof), dried and sieved through a 500 μm sieve. Approximately 200 mg of soil were placed into each well of a 48 well plate. Compounds, or DMSO alone, were added at a concentration of 10 ppm, dissolved in 1% DMSO. 6 μmol ammonium sulfate was added per well as well as 4.8 mg NaClO.sub.3.

[0486] Subsequently, the samples were incubated at room temperature for up to 72 hrs. After the incubation period 64 mg KCl were added and mixed. 25 μl of the supernatant were placed into a fresh plate and 260 μl of a color reaction solution (from Merck Nr 1.11799.0100) were added.

[0487] Measurements were taken with a Tecan plate Reader at 540 nm wavelength.

[0488] The results of the measurements (with a dose of 10 ppm) were that all compounds #1 to #215 as shown in Table 1, supra demonstrated an inhibition of ≧10% compared to a control (DMSO only).

EXAMPLE 2

[0489] Roundup Powermax (also referred to as “Roundup”) is a SL formulation containing approx. 540 g/L glyphosate (as potassium salt) as active ingredient. Verdict is an EC formulation containing approx. 6 wt. % saflufenacil and approx. 55 wt. % dimethenamid-P as active ingredients. Weedone is an EC formulation containing approx. 640 g/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, isooctyl ester as active ingredient. UAN is a solution of urea and ammonium nitrate in water. MSO is methylated seed oil. Limus is a mixture of NBPT and NPPT with about NBTP at 63% and NPPT at 22%, secondary compounds at 10%, further secondary compounds such as amines below 4% and dimerease derivatives below 1%. “DAT” stands for “days after treatment”. The Latin names for the weeds used in Example 2 are shown below:

[0490] Giant foxtail=Setaria faberi

[0491] Velvetleaf=Abutilon theophrasti

[0492] Waterhemp=Amaranthus rudis

[0493] Lambsquarters=Chenopodium album

[0494] Pigweed=Amaranthus palmeri

[0495] Morningglory=Ipomoea L. sp.

[0496] Cutleaf Evening Primrose=Oenothera laciniata

[0497] Marestail=Conyza canadensis

[0498] Greenhouse Burndown

[0499] This experiment conducted in the BASF greenhouses in RTP, North Carolina, USA. Herbicides and adjuvants were mixed with 28% UAN (UAN=a solution of urea and ammonium nitrate in water) or 32% UAN as a carrier, using a mixing order of UAN->Limus->MSO (if applicable)->herbicide. Solutions were agitated before spraying.

[0500] Weeds were grown in greenhouse flats to an average height of giant foxtail=6″, velvetleaf=5.25″, waterhemp=6″, and lambsquarters=7.5″ before solution was applied. Plants were sprayed in a spray chamber with a 20″ boom height and 8003E nozzles at a rate of 47 gal solution/acre.

[0501] Treatments were rated for % control over a 25 day period.

[0502] Limus: 9.6 fl oz/acre

[0503] Roundup Powermax (high rate): 32 fl oz/acre

[0504] Roundup Powermax (low rate): 8 fl oz/acre

[0505] Weedone: 16 fl oz/acre

[0506] Verdict: 14 fl oz/acre [0507] w/MSO concentrate w/Leci-Tech: 16 fl oz/acre

[0508] The weed control rate (in %) achieved with the different treatments are shown in Table 4.

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 (all values in %) (weed control in greenhouse burndown): UAN 28 UAN 28 Roundup UAN Roundup (low UAN 28 UAN 28 (low rate) UAN 28 Weedone Check 28 Limus rate) Limus Weedone Limus  3 DAT giant foxtail 0.0 7.5 — 10.0 12.5 10.0 10.0 velvetleaf 0.0 8.8 7.5 10.0 11.3 28.8 30.0 waterhemp 0.0 20.0 — 28.8 30.0 42.5 55.0 lambsquarters 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.8 10.0 45.0 45.0  7 DAT giant foxtail 0.0 5.0 5.0 12.5 12.5 5.0 5.0 velvetleaf 0.0 7.5 7.5 17.5 17.5 40.0 40.0 waterhemp 0.0 17.5 16.3  35.0 33.8 60.0 58.8 lambsquarters 0.0 0.0 0.0 15.0 15.0 52.5 55.0 12 DAT giant foxtail 0.0 0.0 — 13.8 12.5 5.0 6.3 velvetleaf 0.0 1.3 — 18.8 20.0 48.8 46.3 waterhemp 0.0 32.5 — 42.5 38.8 70.0 72.5 lambsquarters 0.0 0.0 0.0 13.8 13.8 57.5 57.5 25 DAT giant foxtail 0.0 0.0 — 50.0 50.0 0.0 0.0 velvetleaf 0.0 0.0 0.0 40.0 40.0 81.3 80.0 waterhemp 0.0 11.3 — 67.5 75.0 75.0 96.3 lambsquarters 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.0 11.3 77.5 78.8 UAN 32 UAN 32 Round- Roundup UAN UAN UAN up (high UAN 32 UAN 32 UAN 32 (high rate) 32 Verdict 32 Weedone 32 Limus rate) Limus Verdict Limus Weedone Limus  3 DAT giant foxtail 7.5 — 21.3 25.0 40.0 36.3 13.8 17.5 velvetleaf 11.3 10.0 12.5 15.0 55.0 57.5 28.8 30.0 waterhemp 27.5 21.3 31.3 31.3 70.0 75.0 47.5 48.8 lambsquarters 0.0 — 13.8 17.5 52.5 52.5 40.0 50.0  7 DAT giant foxtail 5.0 5.0 28.8 28.8 35.0 36.3 5.0 5.0 velvetleaf 10.0 — 23.8 25.0 72.5 75.0 40.0 40.0 waterhemp 18.8 17.5 28.8 27.5 87.5 87.5 52.5 57.5 lambsquarters 0.0 0.0 23.8 23.8 72.5 73.8 50.0 50.0 12 DAT giant foxtail 5.0 5.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 41.3 5.0 5.0 velvetleaf 5.0 5.0 31.3 32.5 95.0 92.5 47.5 47.5 waterhemp 42.5 42.5 38.8 38.8 100.0 97.5 53.8 62.5 lambsquarters 0.0 0.0 37.5 35.0 85.0 90.0 50.0 50.0 25 DAT giant foxtail 0.0 0.0 97.5 96.3 78.8 78.8 0.0 0.0 velvetleaf 0.0 0.0 66.3 68.8 95.0 95.0 81.3 80.0 waterhemp 55.0 25.0 70.0 75.0 98.8 97.5 90.0 92.5 lambsquarters 0.0 0.0 63.8 65.0 90.0 88.8 80.0 80.0

[0509] Field Pre-Emergence

[0510] This experiment took place at the BASF Research Farm in Pine Level, N.C., USA. Solutions were mixed as described above and sprayed at 47 gal/acre using a 2 row boom, 18″ high, with 11004DG nozzles.

[0511] Weed control was rated periodically over 35 days following initial application.

[0512] Limus: 9.6 fl oz/acre

[0513] Verdict (med rate): 7 fl oz/acre

[0514] Verdict (high rate): 14 fl oz/acre

[0515] The weed control rate (in %) achieved with the different treatments are shown in Table 5.

TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 (all values in %) (weed control in fied pre-emergence): UAN UAN 28 UAN 28 28 Verdict UAN 28 Verdict UAN Verdict (high Verdict (medium UAN 28 (high rate) (medium rate) Check 28 Limus rate) Limus rate) Limus  7DAT Pigweed 0.0 50.0 50.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 15DAT Pigweed 0.0 30.0 30.0 100.0 100.0 98.3 100.0 Morning 0.0 0.0 0.0 86.7 93.3 85.0 86.7 glory 22DAT Pigweed 0.0 0.0 0.0 98.3 98.3 90.0 95.0 Morning 0.0 0.0 0.0 95.0 96.7 85.0 90.0 glory 35DAT Pigweed 0.0 0.0 0.0 98.3 98.3 86.7 93.3 Morning 0.0 0.0 0.0 93.3 95.0 85.0 90.0 glory

[0516] Field Burndown

[0517] This experiment took place at the BASF Research Farm in Pine Level, N.C., USA. Solutions were mixed as described above and sprayed at 47 gal/acre using a 2 row boom, 18″ high, with 11004DG nozzles.

[0518] The weeds evaluated were cutleaf evening primrose and mare's tail. Primrose averaged 10-18″ in height and mare's tail averaged 3-6″ at 8 DAT.

[0519] Treatments were rated for % control over a 25 day period.

[0520] Limus: 9.6 fl oz/acre

[0521] Roundup Powermax (high rate): 32 fl oz/acre

[0522] Roundup Powermax (med rate): 16 fl oz/acre

[0523] Weedone: 16 fl oz/acre

[0524] The weed control rate (in %) achieved with the different treatments are shown in Table 6.

TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 (all values in %) (weed control in fied burndown): UAN 28 UAN 28 UAN 28 Roundup UAN 28 Roundup Roundup Power- Roundup Power- Power- max Power- max UAN max (high max (medium UAN 28 (high rate) (medium rate) Check 28 Limus rate) Limus rate) Limus  8 DAT Cutleaf 0.0 21.7 21.7 35.0 33.3 36.7 40.0 Evening Primrose Marestail 0.0 10.0 10.0 35.0 35.0 38.3 40.0 18 DAT Cutleaf 0.0 5.0 5.0 61.7 63.3 65.0 68.3 Evening Primrose Marestail 0.0 5.0 5.0 68.3 68.3 65.0 65.0 25 DAT Cutleaf 0.0 5.0 5.0 66.7 68.3 70.0 71.7 Evening Primrose Marestail 0.0 5.0 5.0 71.7 81.7 71.7 71.7 UAN 28 UAN 28 Roundup Roundup Power- UAN 28 Power- max (low UAN 28 Weedone max (low rate) Weedone LV 6 rate) Limus LV 6 Limus  8 DAT Cutleaf 31.7 33.3 53.3 53.3 Evening Primrose Marestail 33.3 35.0 51.7 51.7 18 DAT Cutleaf 55.0 55.0 66.7 68.3 Evening Primrose Marestail 53.3 51.7 63.3 65.0 25 DAT Cutleaf 61.7 68.3 81.7 83.3 Evening Primrose Marestail 61.7 60.0 78.3 73.3