BURNER FOR A COMBUSTION MACHINE AND COMBUSTION MACHINE

Abstract

A burner for a combustion machine, having a pilot burner, which extends in the axial direction, having a nozzle chamber, having a burner region and having a cover plate which is arranged between the nozzle chamber and the burner region and which has an inlet opening, wherein an adapter is arranged, in order to guide air out of the nozzle chamber along a specified flow path in the direction of the combustion region, wherein a flow channel is formed as part of the flow path between the adapter and the cover plate and the adapter has a radially extending, annular section which, together with the cover plate, forms a radial section of the flow channel, in order to cool the cover plate by the air. A combustion machine has such a burner.

Claims

1.-13. (canceled)

14. A burner for a combustion machine, comprising: a pilot burner which extends in the axial direction, a nozzle chamber, a combustion region, a cover plate which is arranged between the nozzle chamber and the combustion region and which has an inlet opening, and also nozzles which are arranged around the pilot burner in the nozzle chamber and which extend in each case in the axial direction and which have in each case a nozzle outlet which corresponds in each case to a recess which is introduced into the cover plate, and an adapter which is arranged for guiding air from the nozzle chamber along a predetermined flow path in the direction of the combustion region, wherein between the adapter and the cover plate a flow passage is formed as part of the flow path, and the adapter has a radially extending annular section which with the cover plate forms a radial section of the flow passage for cooling the cover plate by the air, wherein the nozzles have in each case an end section which is arranged in the radial section.

15. The burner as claimed in claim 14, wherein the adapter has a head region into which the pilot burner projects.

16. The burner as claimed in claim 15, wherein between the pilot burner and the head region an annular passage is formed as part of the flow path.

17. The burner as claimed in claim 14, wherein a part of the cover plate is designed as an axial cone, on the upstream disposed end of which the inlet opening is arranged.

18. The burner as claimed in claim 17, wherein the adapter has a diagonally extending section which extends at a distance from the axial cone and consequently forms a conical shell-like diagonal section of the flow passage.

19. The burner as claimed in claim 14, wherein the flow passage is designed as an annulus.

20. The burner as claimed in claim 14, wherein the flow passage has an air inlet which lies on the outside in the radial direction.

21. The burner as claimed in claim 14, wherein an annular gap, into which a sealing ring is inserted, is formed in the radial direction between the pilot burner and the adapter.

22. The burner as claimed in claim 21, wherein the sealing ring is fastened on the pilot burner and is displaceable relative to the adapter, or the sealing ring is fastened on the adapter and is displaceable relative to the pilot burner.

23. The burner as claimed in claim 22, wherein the sealing ring has at least one bridge which extends in the axial direction and encompasses the sealing ring, wherein the bridge forms a sealing face which is seated on the adapter.

24. The burner as claimed in claim 14, wherein the adapter has at least one spacer which is seated on the cover plate.

25. The burner as claimed in claim 24, wherein the spacer is designed as a deformation of the adapter.

26. A combustion machine, comprising: a burner as claimed in claim 14.

27. The combustion machine of claim 26, wherein the combustion machine comprises a gas turbine.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing. In the drawing:

[0032] FIG. 1 shows a burner in a longitudinal sectional view, having a nozzle chamber and having an adapter,

[0033] FIG. 2 shows a detail of the nozzle chamber according to FIG. 1 and an alternative adapter,

[0034] FIG. 3 shows a detail of the arrangement according to FIG. 1,

[0035] FIG. 4 shows a detail of the arrangement according to FIG. 1 with an alternative sealing ring, and

[0036] FIG. 5 shows the adapter according to FIG. 2 in a perspective view.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION

[0037] Shown schematically in FIG. 1 is a burner 2 in a sectional view along a longitudinal axis L of the burner 2. Extending along the longitudinal axis L, that is to say in the axial direction A, is a pilot burner 4 for delivering fuel into a combustion region 6 which is arranged downstream of the pilot burner 4. The fuel is injected via an outlet opening 8 of the pilot burner 4 into the combustion region 6. The combustion region 6 corresponds in this case to the interior of a combustion chamber, not shown in more detail here, which is connected downstream to the burner 2.

[0038] Arranged around the pilot burner 4 in a nozzle chamber 10 are a number of nozzles 12 which also extend in each case in the axial direction A and extend parallel to each other. The nozzles 12 serve for providing a fuel/air mixture in the combustion region 6. To this end, for each nozzle 12 a fuel lance 14 is arranged in each case in such a way that this projects at least partially on the rear side, that is to say on the upstream disposed nozzle end 16, into the nozzle 12. Consequently, an annular nozzle inlet is especially formed in each case, by means of which air can flow from, or be drawn out of, the nozzle chamber 10 into the nozzle 12 in order to be mixed there with the fuel which is ejected out of the respective burner lance 14. The air which is present in the nozzle chamber 10 is in this case especially provided by a compressor, not shown here, which is connected upstream to the burner 2, and therefore the air is compressed air. The fuel is provided upstream of the fuel lances 14 via a number of annular fuel passages 18, in this case two. The nozzles 12 are correspondingly arranged along a number of rings, in this case two, and form in FIG. 1 an inner and an outer stage.

[0039] The nozzle chamber 10 is separated from the combustion region 6, that is to say from the combustion chamber, by means of a cover plate 20. This extends in the main in the radial direction R and has a number of recesses which are associated in each case with an outlet 22 of a nozzle 12 for admitting the fuel/air mixture, which is formed in the nozzles 12, into the combustion region 6. In the region of the longitudinal axis L, the cover plate 20 has an axial cone 24 which is widened out in the flow direction S. On the upstream disposed end, the axial cone 24 has an inlet opening 26 which in the exemplary embodiment which is shown here is arranged downstream of the outlet opening 8 of the pilot burner 4.

[0040] Arranged in the nozzle chamber 10 is an adapter 28 which has a head region 30, which encompasses the end of the pilot burner 4, and a diagonal section 32 which extends and widens out downstream of this head region.

[0041] In this case, the adapter 28 is formed in the style of a bell, wherein the head region 30 is an upper part of the bell and the diagonal section 32 is a truncated cone-like lower part. A radial section 34 extends from the downstream disposed end of the diagonal section 32 in the radial direction R. The diagonal and the radial sections 32, 34 are in this case each arranged at a suitable distance A1, A2, for example about 2-5 mm, with regard to the axial cone 24 or to the cover plate 20 respectively. In FIG. 1, the adapter 28 is constructed in one piece, but alternatively a multi-piece construction is possible, as shown in FIG. 2.

[0042] The cover plate 20 and the adapter 28 form an intermediate space, which serves as a flow passage 36, in order to admit air from the nozzle chamber 10 into the combustion region 6 and to cool the cover plate 20 in the process. The flow passage 36 comprises a plurality of sections 38, 40, 42 for this, specifically a radial section 38 along the cover plate 20, also referred to as a radial section 38, a diagonal section 40 along the axial cone 24, also referred to as a diagonal section 40, and an annular passage 42 in the head region 30 between the adapter 28 and the pilot burner 4. A ring-form inlet, which is also referred to as an annular inlet, serves as an air inlet 44. This annular inlet encompasses the radial section 34 of the adapter 28, as FIG. 2 shows particularly clearly. Moreover, a number of positioning flanges 46 are formed there on the radial section 34 of the adapter 28 in order to achieve suitable positioning. Moreover, it can be seen from FIG. 2 in combination with FIG. 1 that the nozzles 12 project in each case by their nozzle ends 16 into the radial section 38 and in this way form cylindrical recesses 48 in said radial section 38.

[0043] In FIG. 1, the flow path P of the air is illustrated by a number of arrows. The air is first of all admitted via the air inlet 44 into the flow passage 36 and then follows the radial section 38 from the outside inward as far as the diagonal section 40. On this, a deflection along the axial cone 24 into the interior of the head region 30 takes place. There, the air is deflected again in the direction of the inlet opening 26. Additionally arranged between inlet and outlet openings 26, 8, in the exemplary embodiment shown here, is an axial swirler 50 into which the air is directed before mixing with the fuel from the pilot burner 4. The axial swirler 50 is in this case encompassed by a collar 52 which is attached on the axial cone 24 as an extension.

[0044] As FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 show in an enlargement, a gap 54, into which a sealing ring 56 is inserted, is formed between the pilot burner 4 and the upstream disposed end of the adapter 28. This sealing ring, in the exemplary embodiment shown here, is fastened on the pilot burner 4 and is displaceable relative to the adapter 28. Shown in FIG. 4 is a variant of the sealing ring 56 with an axially extending bridge 58 which extends round this radially on the outside and forms a sealing face 60 on the outside which butts against a mating face 62 of the adapter 28.

[0045] FIG. 4 furthermore shows that the adapter 28 has a number of spacers 64 in order to suitably space the adapter 28 away from the cover plate 20 and during installation of the burner 2 to achieve a suitable alignment of the cover plate 20, the adapter 28 and the pilot burner 4 in relation to each other. The adapter 28 which is shown in FIG. 4 is also shown in FIG. 5 in a perspective view. Clearly visible are the spacers 64 which are formed as recesses with regard to the outer side of the adapter 28 and designed in each case in the style of a dimple, a knob or a cam. The spacers 64 project into the flow passage 36 and are seated on the cover plate 20. In the embodiment which is shown here, the spacers 64 are arranged on the diagonal section 32 of the adapter 28 and are seated on the axial cone 24 on the outer side.