BLAST FURNACE COOLING PLATE WITH INTEGRATED WEAR DETECTION SYSTEM

Abstract

A cooling plate for a metallurgical furnace comprising a body (12) with a front face (18) and an opposite rear face (20), the body having at least one coolant channel (14) therein; the front face (18) being turned towards the furnace interior and preferably comprises alternating ribs (22) and grooves (24). The cooling plate includes wear detection means comprising: a plurality of closed pressure chambers (26, 28) distributed at different locations in said body, said pressure chambers being positioned at predetermined depths below the front face (18) of said body; and a pressure sensor (30) associated with each pressure chamber (26, 28) in order to detect a deviation from a reference pressure inside said pressure chamber when the latter becomes open due to wear out of said body.

Claims

1. A cooling plate for a metallurgical furnace comprising: a body with a front face and an opposite rear face, said body having at least one coolant channel therein; wherein in use said front face is turned towards a furnace interior comprises alternating ribs and grooves; and wear detection means adapted to monitor the wear of said body; wherein said wear detection means comprise: a plurality of closed pressure chambers distributed at different locations in said body, said pressure chambers being positioned at predetermined depths below said front face of said body; and a pressure sensor associated with each pressure chamber in order to detect a deviation from a reference pressure inside said pressure chamber when the latter becomes open due to wear out of said body.

2. The cooling plate according to claim 1, wherein said pressure chambers are formed as blind bores drilled from said rear face of said body, and closed by a sealingly mounted plug.

3. The cooling plate according to claim 2, wherein said pressure chambers, respectively said blind bores, are elongate hollow chambers extending substantially perpendicularly to said front face of said body.

4. The cooling plate according to claim 2, wherein said pressure sensor is supported by said plug, and connecting wires of said pressure sensor sealingly pass through said plug towards the exterior.

5. The cooling plate according to claim 3, wherein said pressure chambers, respectively said blind bores, have a diameter of less than 5 mm.

6. The cooling plate according to claim 1, wherein said pressure chambers are distributed at said different locations by groups of at least two pressure chambers, each pressure chamber within the group being positioned at a different predetermined depth below the front face of said body.

7. The cooling plate according to claim 6, wherein within each group, a pressure chamber is positioned underneath a rib and a pressure chamber is positioned underneath a groove.

8. The cooling plate according to claim 67, wherein said groups of pressure chambers are located in the upper, bottom and central regions of the body.

9. The cooling plate according to claim 1, wherein said pressure sensor is of the piezoelectric type.

10. The cooling plate according to claim 1, wherein each pressure chamber is at a reference pressure selected from: vacuum pressure, a gas pressure lower than the furnace operating pressure, a gas pressure higher than the furnace operating pressure.

11. A blast furnace comprising a shell lined with cooling plates according to claim 1, comprising a control system configured to: receive pressure signals from each of the pressure sensors of said pressure chambers in said cooling plates; detect pressure deviations from the reference pressure at one or more of said pressure sensors; display a mapping of the wear status of said cooling plate lining based on the information from said pressure signals and the known location of the cooling plates in said blast furnace.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0014] FIG. 1: is a principle drawing of an embodiment of the present cooling plate;

[0015] FIG. 2: is a vertical section view through the cooling plate of FIG. 1, mounted on a furnace outer shell;

[0016] FIG. 3: is an enlarged view of detail A of FIG. 2.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0017] A preferred embodiment of the present cooling plate 10 is schematically illustrated in FIGS. 1-3. The cooling plate 10 comprises a body 12 that is typically formed from a slab e.g. made of a cast or forged body of copper, copper alloy or steel. Furthermore, the body 12 has at least one conventional coolant channel 14 embedded therein. As it can be seen from FIG. 1, the cooling plate 10 is represented here with four coolant channels 14 in order to provide a heat evacuating protection screen between the interior of the furnace and the outer furnace shell 16 (or armor).
FIG. 2 shows the cooling plate 10 of FIG. 1 in cross-section, mounted onto the furnace shell 16. The body 12 has a front face generally indicated 18, also referred to as hot face, which is turned towards the furnace interior, and an opposite rear face 20, also referred to as cold face, which in use faces the inner surface of the furnace shell 16.
As is known in the art, the front face 18 of body 12 advantageously has a structured surface, in particular with alternating ribs 22 and grooves 24. When the cooling plate 10 is mounted in the furnace, the grooves 24 and lamellar ribs 22 are generally arranged horizontally in order to provide an anchoring means for a refractory brick lining (not shown).
As it is known, during the course of operation of a blast furnace or similar, the refractory brick lining erodes due to the descending burden material, leading to the fact that the cooling plates are unprotected and have to face the harsh environment inside the blast furnace.
As a result, abrasion of the cooling plates occurs too and it is desirable to know the wear status of the cooling plates.
It shall be appreciate that the present cooling plate 10 is equipped with wear detection means, as will now be explained.
The present wear detection means comprise a plurality of closed pressure chambers 26, 28 distributed at different locations in the body 12 and positioned at predetermined depths below the front face 18 of the body 12. The closed pressure chambers 26, 28 are manufactured to be set at an internal reference pressure (normally different from the blast furnace operating pressure), and a pressure sensor 30 is associated with each pressure chamber 26, 28. When the body 12 will have eroded down to the depth of a closed pressure chamber, the latter will become open and the pressure will equilibrate with the operating pressure of the blast furnace. In monitoring the pressure in the closed pressure chamber 26, 28 one can thus detect the moment the closed pressure chamber opens, which will be indicated by a deviation from the initial reference pressure. In practice, the closed pressure chambers 26, 28 may be formed as blind bores, drilled from the rear face 20 of the cooling plate. These holes are drilled substantially perpendicularly to the front face 18 of the cooling plate 10 as it can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3. The blind bores may be of small diameter, preferably in the range of 1 to 3 mm. Each blind bore is closed by a plug 32 in order to seal the pressure chamber 26, 28. The plug further supports the pressure sensor 30 such that the pressure sensor faces the inside of the closed pressure chamber. Such pressure sensor 30 may be of the piezoelectric type. The connecting wires 34 of each pressure sensor 30 sealingly pass through the plug 32 and are guided towards the furnace exterior through an opening 36 in the furnace shell, as represented in FIG. 2.
As indicated above, the monitoring principle is based on a pressure deviation from a reference pressure. Accordingly, each pressure chamber 26, 28 is initially set to a reference gas pressure, which is different from the usual blast furnace operating pressures. In that way a significant change in pressure can be measured when a closed pressure chamber becomes open due to wear out of the body portion initially separating the inner end of the pressure chamber from the front edge of the panel. The pressure in the each pressure chamber 26, 28 may thus be set to a reference pressure that is either lower, or higher than the blast furnace operating pressures, or may even be set to a vacuum pressure.
In FIG. 1, the position of the pressure chambers 26, 28 is schematically indicated by the solid line circles. As it can be seen, they are distributed at different well-defined locations in the cooling plate body. As already apparent from the other drawings, the closed pressure chambers are preferably arranged by groups.
For example, the pressure chambers may be distributed by groups of at least two pressure chambers, each pressure chamber within the group being positioned at a different predetermined depth below the front face of said body. Turning to FIG. 3, one can see that one pressure chamber is assigned to a rib 22 whereas the other pressure chamber is assigned to a groove.

[0018] The inner extremity of pressure chamber 28 is located at distance D.sub.1 below the surface of the rib, whereas chamber 26 is located at distance D.sub.2 below the respective groove, which may also be referred to as distance D′.sub.2 when comparing to the neighboring rib 22.

The so-called “depth” of a pressure chamber thus corresponds to the distance from the inner end of the pressure chamber in the body to the front face 18 of the cooling plate here D.sub.1 and D′.sub.2 when taking as reference the front side at the level of non-used ribs 22 in a new cooling plate.
the detection of a pressure variation in pressure chambers 28 will thus imply that the rib thickness has decreased by more than D.sub.1. The detection of a pressure variation in pressure chamber 26 will imply that the thickness of body at groove 24 has diminished by more than D′.sub.2, or that the wear level at the groove 22 is more than D.sub.2 (depending on the reference).
The configuration shown in the Figures thus allows monitoring 9 different location/regions of the cooling plate 10: the cooling plate is divided into upper, bottom and central sections, each of them being subdivided into left, right and center portions.

[0019] Furthermore, for each region, one can monitor the wear of a rib and of a groove.