Abstract
An HME device, used in a closed breathing circuit of a ventilation system, has a housing with an inlet opening and with an outlet opening, an HME chamber (50a; 50b; 50c; 50d; 50e; 50f; 50g; 50h; 50i) arranged between the inlet opening and the outlet opening for receiving an HME medium and a switching mechanism (70a; 70b; 70c; 70d; 70e; 70f; 70g; 70h; 70i). The HME device can be switched over between an HME mode (M1), in which an HME fluid passage is provided from the inlet opening through the HME chamber to the outlet opening, and a bypass mode (M2), in which a fluid bypass passage is provided from the inlet opening past the HME chamber through a bypass channel (80a; 80b; 80d; 80e; 80f; 80h) in the housing to the outlet opening. The bypass channel is blocked with respect to the HME chamber in the bypass mode (M2).
Claims
1. A heat and moisture exchanger or humidification moisture exchanger (HME) device for use in a closed breathing circuit of a ventilation system, the device comprising: a housing with an inlet opening, an outlet opening, an HME chamber arranged between the inlet opening and the outlet opening for receiving an HME medium and a bypass channel; and a switching mechanism switching over between an HME mode providing an HME fluid passage from the inlet opening through the HME chamber to the outlet opening and a bypass mode providing a fluid bypass passage from the inlet opening past the HME chamber through the bypass channel to the outlet opening, wherein the bypass channel is blocked from the HME chamber in the bypass mode.
2. An HME device in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the housing comprises an inlet-side housing half with the inlet opening and with an inlet-side housing half inner wall section; the housing comprises an outlet-side housing half with the outlet opening and with an outlet-side housing half inner wall section; and the inlet-side housing half and the outlet-side housing half are arranged rotatably relative to one another for blocking and opening the bypass channel.
3. An HME device in accordance with claim 2, wherein: the inlet-side housing half has first inlet holes, second inlet holes, inlet diaphragms and inlet diaphragm passages between the inlet diaphragms; the outlet-side housing half has outlet holes and outlet diaphragms; the first inlet holes and the inlet diaphragm passages are covered by the outlet diaphragms in the bypass mode; and the second inlet holes are arranged at least partly flush with the outlet holes.
4. An HME device in accordance with claim 2, further comprising a bistable holding mechanism holding the two housing halves in defined, different positions in relation to one another, wherein the bistable holding mechanism is formed on the inlet-side housing half or on the outlet-side housing half or on both the inlet-side housing half and on the outlet-side housing half.
5. An HME device in accordance with claim 1, further comprising a displacing device for displacing the HME medium, wherein: the HME chamber is formed by an inner wall section of the housing and by an outer wall section of the displacing device; and the displacing device is arranged movably for blocking the bypass channel in the bypass mode with respect to the against the HME chamber.
6. An HME device in accordance with claim 5, wherein the outer wall section is configured as an at least partly elastically deformable wall section for displacing the HME medium or for blocking the bypass channel or for both displacing the HME medium and blocking the bypass channel, in the bypass mode, with respect to the HME chamber.
7. An HME device in accordance with claim 5, wherein: the displacing device has two plate-shaped partition sections for separating the HME medium in at least some sections; and at least one of the two plate-shaped partition sections is arranged movably for displacing the HME medium or for blocking the bypass channel or for both displacing the HME medium and blocking the bypass channel, in the bypass mode, in relation to the HME chamber.
8. An HME device in accordance with claim 7, wherein at least one of the two plate-shaped partition sections is configured as an at least partly elastically deformable partition section for displacing the HME medium or for blocking the bypass channel or for both displacing the HME medium and blocking the bypass channel, in the bypass mode, with respect to the HME chamber.
9. An HME device in accordance with claim 7, wherein at least one of the two plate-shaped partition sections is arranged relatively movably in relation to the other plate-shaped partition sections for displacing the HME medium or for blocking the bypass channel or for both displacing the HME medium and blocking the bypass channel, in the bypass mode, with respect to the HME chamber.
10. An HME device in accordance with claim 7, wherein the two plate-shaped partition sections are arranged bent in a same first direction in the HME mode and at least one of the two plate-shaped partition sections is configured as a partition section elastically deformable in a second direction, opposite the first direction, for displacing the HME medium or for blocking the bypass channel or for both displacing the HME medium and blocking the bypass channel, in the bypass mode, with respect to the HME chamber.
11. An HME device in accordance with claim 5, wherein at least a portion of the displacing device is arranged and configured elastically deformably such that the at least a portion of the displacing device is deformable in a bistable manner, based on a residual stress of the at least a portion of the displacing device, into an HME end position or into a bypass end position.
12. An HME device in accordance with claim 5, wherein the displacing device is fixed at at least one point in the housing.
13. An HME device in accordance with claim 5, further comprising at least one manual actuating device arranged for moving or elastically deforming at least a portion of the displacing device.
14. An HME device in accordance with claim 13, wherein the manual actuating device is permanently connected to the displacing device and configured monolithically with the displacing device.
15. An HME device in accordance with claim 13, wherein: the displacing device has two plate-shaped partition sections for separating the HME medium in at least some sections; and the manual actuating device has a lifting and rotating mechanism that can be actuated by pressing for moving or elastically deforming at least one of the two plate-shaped partition sections.
16. An HME device in accordance with claim 7, wherein: the two partition sections each have an outer wall surface and an inner wall surface; and the outer wall surfaces correspond to the outer wall section and the inner wall surfaces correspond to an inner wall section of the bypass channel.
17. An HME device in accordance with claim 5, wherein: the displacing device has a stationary separating device and a movable separating device; and the movable separating device is arranged pivotably relative to the stationary separating device about an axis of rotation.
18. An HME device in accordance with claim 17, wherein: the stationary separating device and the movable separating device have an outer wall surface and an inner wall surface each; and the outer wall surfaces and the inner wall surfaces correspond to an inner wall section of the bypass channel.
19. An HME device in accordance with claim 17, further comprising at least one manual actuating device arranged for moving or elastically deforming at least a portion of the displacing device wherein the at least one manual actuating device is arranged outside the housing displaceably in a circumferential direction of the housing for pivoting the movable separating device.
20. An HME device in accordance with claim 17, further comprising at least one manual actuating device arranged for moving or elastically deforming at least a portion of the displacing device wherein the manual actuating device is connected permanently to the movable separating device, and is configured monolithically with the movable separating device.
21. An HME device in accordance with claim 2, further comprising a displacing device for displacing the HME medium, wherein: the HME chamber is formed by an inner wall section of the inlet-side housing half, by an inner wall section of the outlet-side housing half and by an outer wall section of the displacing device; the displacing device comprises a first separating device and a second separating device for blocking the bypass channel, in the bypass mode, with respect to the HME chamber; the first separating device and the second separating device are arranged pivotably relative to one another about an axis of rotation; the first separating device is in functional connection with one of the inlet-side housing half and of the outlet-side housing half; and the second separating device is in functional connection with the other of the inlet-side housing half and of the outlet-side housing half.
22. An HME device in accordance with claim 21, wherein: the first separating device and the second separating device have each an outer wall surface and an inner wall surface; and the outer wall surfaces correspond to the outer wall section and the inner wall surfaces correspond to an inner wall section of the bypass channel.
23. An HME device in accordance with claim 21, wherein: the first separating device is fastened to one of the inlet-side housing half and of the outlet-side housing half and is configured monolithically with the corresponding housing half; and the second separating device is fastened to the other of the inlet-side housing half and of the outlet-side housing half and is configured monolithically with the corresponding housing half.
24. An HME device in accordance with claim 1, wherein: a hollow section is arranged rotatably about an axis of rotation in the housing; an inner wall section of the HME chamber corresponds to an inner wall section of the hollow section; a section of the bypass channel is established between a first outer wall section of the hollow section and a first inner wall section of the housing; and the first outer wall section corresponds to an inner wall section of the bypass channel.
25. An HME device in accordance with claim 24, wherein a second outer wall section of the hollow section is in contact with a second inner wall section of the housing in a flush-integrated manner.
26. An HME device in accordance with claim 24, wherein the HME chamber is formed by an inner wall section of the hollow section and by an inner wall section of the housing.
27. An HME device in accordance with claim 24, wherein the housing has a housing window, through which the hollow section is exposed in some sections to an outside.
28. An HME device in accordance with claim 2, wherein: the housing has a fluid inlet channel and a fluid outlet channel; the fluid inlet channel is connected to a first fluid switchover channel and the fluid outlet channel is connected to a second fluid switchover channel; the first fluid switchover channel extends at right angles to the fluid inlet channel and the second fluid switchover channel extends at right angles to the fluid outlet channel; and the fluid inlet channel, the first fluid switchover channel, the second fluid switchover channel and the fluid outlet channel correspond in at least some sections to the bypass channel in the bypass mode.
29. An HME device in accordance with claim 28, wherein the first fluid switchover channel and the second fluid switchover channel are arranged in parallel or essentially in parallel to one another in at least some sections in the HME mode.
30. An HME device in accordance with claim 28, wherein: the HME medium is arranged in the HME channel; the HME medium has a stepped passage channel, in which one of the fluid inlet channel and the fluid outlet channel is arranged displaceably and the other of the fluid inlet channel and of the fluid outlet channel is arranged in at least some sections in a positive-locking manner on a circumferential side with the HME medium.
31. An HME device in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the housing has an inlet-side housing half and an outlet-side housing half and a fluid inlet channel is arranged in the inlet-side housing half; the fluid inlet channel and the inlet-side housing half are arranged rotatably in relation to one another; the fluid inlet channel has an inlet opening, which corresponds to the inlet opening of the HME device and a passage opening; the passage opening is directed into the HME chamber in the HME mode and into the bypass channel in the bypass mode.
32. An HME device in accordance with claim 31, wherein the passage opening has a lateral opening section and a frontal opening section; the opening direction of the lateral opening section is directed at right angles to the opening direction of the inlet opening or of the frontal opening section or both to the opening direction of the inlet opening and of the frontal opening section.
33. An HME device in accordance with claim 32, wherein the fluid inlet channel has a wall section, which is arranged, especially flush with the lateral opening section, in the fluid inlet channel in parallel or essentially in parallel to the opening direction of the lateral opening section.
34. An HME device in accordance with claim 33, wherein the wall section has a height that corresponds to at least half the passage height of the fluid inlet channel at a location of the wall section.
35. An HME device in accordance with claim 1, wherein: an HME storage frame is arranged in the housing for storing the HME medium and the HME storage frame is mounted rotatably about an axis of rotation for switching over between the HME mode and the bypass mode; the HME storage frame has an outer ring section and a storage frame passage channel within the outer ring section; the HME chamber is formed by an inner wall section of the housing, by an inner wall section of the outer ring section and by an outer wall section of the storage frame passage channel; and an inner wall section of the storage frame passage channel corresponds in the bypass mode to an inner wall section of the bypass channel.
36. An HME device in accordance with claim 35, wherein an outer wall section of the outer ring section is in contact with an inner wall section of the housing in a flush-integrated manner.
37. An HME device in accordance with claim 35, wherein: an outer wall section of the outer ring section is functionally connected by a housing window to an adjusting element arranged outside the housing; and the HME storage frame is rotatable about the axis of rotation by moving the adjusting element.
38. An HME device in accordance with claim 37, wherein the adjusting element surrounds the housing in a ring-shaped manner in at least some sections.
39. An HME device in accordance with claim 37, wherein the adjusting element is functionally connected by a projection from the outer wall section of the outer ring section to the HME storage frame.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0049] In the drawings:
[0050] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an HME device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
[0051] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an inlet-side housing half of the HME device according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
[0052] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an outlet-side housing half of the HME device according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
[0053] FIG. 4 is a perspective sectional view of the HME device according to the first embodiment of the present invention in an HME mode;
[0054] FIG. 5 is a perspective sectional view of the HME device according to the first embodiment of the present invention in a bypass mode;
[0055] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the HME device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
[0056] FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of the HME device according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
[0057] FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the HME device according to the second embodiment of the present invention in an HME mode;
[0058] FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the HME device according to the second embodiment of the present invention in a bypass mode;
[0059] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the HME device according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
[0060] FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of the HME device according to the third embodiment of the present invention;
[0061] FIG. 12 is a side view of the HME device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
[0062] FIG. 13 is a front view of an opened HME device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention;
[0063] FIG. 14 is a front view of a separating device of the HME device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention;
[0064] FIG. 15 is a front view of an opened HME device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention in an HME mode;
[0065] FIG. 16 is a front view of the opened HME device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention in a bypass mode;
[0066] FIG. 17 is a side view of the HME device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention in an HME mode;
[0067] FIG. 18 is a side view of the HME device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention in a bypass mode;
[0068] FIG. 19 is a front view of an opened HME device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention in the HME mode;
[0069] FIG. 20 is a front view of the opened HME device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention in the bypass mode;
[0070] FIG. 21 is a side view of the HME device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention in a bypass mode;
[0071] FIG. 22 is a sectional side view of the HME device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention in the bypass mode;
[0072] FIG. 23 is a front view of an opened HME device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention in the HME mode;
[0073] FIG. 24 is a front view of the opened HME device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention in the bypass mode;
[0074] FIG. 25 is a perspective view of the HME device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention;
[0075] FIG. 26 is a partial perspective view of the HME device according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention;
[0076] FIG. 27 is another partial perspective view of the HME device according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention;
[0077] FIG. 28 is a side view of the HME device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention in a bypass mode;
[0078] FIG. 29 is a sectional side view of the HME device according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention in the bypass mode;
[0079] FIG. 30 is a front view of an opened HME device according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention in the HME mode;
[0080] FIG. 31 is a front view of the opened HME device according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention in the bypass mode;
[0081] FIG. 32 is a perspective view of the HME device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention;
[0082] FIG. 33 is an exploded partial view of the HME device according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention;
[0083] FIG. 34 is a perspective view of the HME device according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention; and
[0084] FIG. 35 is a perspective exploded view of the HME device according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0085] Referring to the drawings, elements with the same function and mode of operation are always designated in FIGS. 1 through 35 by the same or similar reference numbers, which at times differ from one another only by embodiment-specific letters.
[0086] Different embodiments of an HME device 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f, 1g, 1h, 1i according to the present invention for use in a closed breathing circuit of a ventilation system are shown in FIGS. 1 through 35. The HME device 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f, 1g, 1h, 1i shown has a housing 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, 20f, 20g, 20h, 20i with an inlet opening 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d, 31e, 31f, 31g, 31h, 31i and with an outlet opening 41a, 41b, 41c, 41d, 41e, 41f, 41g, 41h, 41i. Further, the HME device 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f, 1g, 1h, 1i has an HME chamber 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d, 50e, 50f, 50g, 50h, 50i arranged between the inlet opening 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d, 31e, 31f, 31g, 31h, 31i and the outlet opening 41a, 41b, 41c, 41d, 41e, 41f, 41g, 41h, 41i for receiving an HME medium 60a, 60b, 60c, 60d, 60e, 60f, 60g, 60h, 60i, which is configured here as an HME foam element. Moreover, the HME device 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f, 1g, 1h, 1i has a switching mechanism 70a, 70b, 70c, 70d, 70e, 70f, 70g, 70h, 70i, by which the HME device 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f, 1g, 1h, 1i can be switched between an HME mode M1, in which an HME fluid passage is provided from the inlet opening 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d, 31e, 31f, 31g, 31h, 31i through the HME chamber 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d, 50e, 50f, 50g, 50h, 50i to the outlet opening 41a, 41b, 41c, 41d, 41e, 41f, 41g, 41h, 41i, and a bypass mode M2, in which a fluid bypass passage is provided from the inlet opening 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d, 31e, 31f, 31g, 31h, 31i past the HME chamber 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d, 50e, 50f, 50g, 50h, 50i through a bypass channel 80a, 80b, 80c, 80d, 80e, 80f, 80g, 80h, 80i in the housing 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, 20f, 20g, 20h, 20i to the outlet opening 41a, 41b, 41c, 41d, 41e, 41f, 41g, 41h, 41i, wherein the bypass channel 80a, 80b, 80c, 80d, 80e, 80f, 80g, 80h, 80i is blocked in the bypass mode M2 against (with respect to) the HME chamber 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d, 50e, 50f, 50g, 50h, 50i. In other words, the HME medium 60a, 60b, 60c, 60d, 60e, 60f, 60g, 60h, 60i in the HME chamber 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d, 50e, 50f, 50g, 50h, 50i is, in the bypass mode M2, separated at least on the patient side as well as on the ventilator side from the bypass channel 80a, 80b, 80c, 80d, 80e, 80f, 80g, 80h, 80i, as a result of which drug aerosol cannot come into contact with the HME medium 60a, 60b, 60c, 60d, 60e, 60f, 60g, 60h, 60i during the atomization of a drug.
[0087] FIGS. 1 through 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention. According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the housing 20a has an inlet-side housing half 30a with the inlet opening 31a and an outlet-side housing half 40a with the outlet opening 41a. Further, FIG. 1 shows a switching mechanism 70a, with which, among other things, turning handles 45a and holding elements 48a are associated. The outlet-side housing half 40a can be rotated by a user in a simple manner against the inlet-side housing half 30a by the turning handles 45a. The holding elements 38a have a convex configuration or are configured as an arched projection at or on an outer wall section of the inlet-side housing half 30a. The turning handles 45a form a bistable holding mechanism with the holding elements 38a, by which holding mechanism intermediate switching states between the HME mode M1 and the bypass mode M2 can be prevented. As soon as one of the turning handles 45a is moved over the contour of a corresponding radial holding element 38a, a restoring force is generated, which acts up to the point of the greatest deflection of the turning handle 45a. If the turning handle 45a is now moved beyond this point over the contour of the holding element 38a, a force acts in the direction of a switchover motion. Only one of the two intermediate states, i.e., the HME mode M1 or the bypass mode M2, can thus become active, without intermediate switching states being able to be reached. Further, FIG. 1 shows an axis of rotation 21a, about which the outlet-side housing half 40a is mounted rotatably.
[0088] FIG. 2 shows an inlet-side housing half 30a in detail. As is shown in FIG. 2, the inlet-side housing half 30a has an inner wall section 32a. Further, the inlet-side housing half 30a has first inlet holes 33a, second inlet holes 34a, inlet diaphragms 35a as well as inlet diaphragm passages 36a formed between the inlet diaphragms 35a.
[0089] FIG. 3 shows the outlet-side housing half 40a in detail. According to FIG. 3, the outlet-side housing half 40a has an inner wall section 42a. In addition, the outlet-side housing half 40a has outlet holes 43a and outlet diaphragms 44a.
[0090] The HME device 1a is shown in the HME mode M1 in FIG. 4. The HME device is shown in the bypass mode M2 in FIG. 5. Some of the reference numbers are not shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 for the sake of greater clarity.
[0091] As is shown in FIG. 4, the HME chamber 50a is formed by the first inner wall section 32a of the inlet-side housing half 30a and by the second inner wall section 42a of the outlet-side housing half 40a. An inner wall section is defined here especially as a wall section or a wall surface, which wall section or wall surface is formed within an outer wall section 39a, 47a or an outer wall surface of the housing halves 30a, 40a. The inlet-side housing half 30a and the outlet-side housing half 40a are arranged rotatably relative to one another to block and open the bypass channel 80a. An HME fluid passage is provided in the HME mode M1 shown in FIG. 4 from the inlet opening 31a through the first inlet holes 33a, the HME chamber 50a and the HME medium 60a, the inlet diaphragm passages 36a to the outlet opening 41a. An HME fluid passage is correspondingly created at the same time from the outlet opening 41a through the inlet diaphragm passages 36a, the HME medium 60a, the HME chamber 50a and the first inlet holes 33a to the inlet opening 31a. The second inlet holes 34a are covered in the HME mode M1 by wall sections between the outlet holes 43a and the outlet holes 43a by wall sections between the second inlet holes 34a and the first inlet holes 33a, and the inlet diaphragm passages 36a are released, i.e., not covered by the outlet diaphragms 44a. The HME fluid passage is indicated by a double arrow in FIG. 4.
[0092] A fluid bypass passage is provided in the bypass mode M2 shown in FIG. 5 from the inlet opening 31a past the HME chamber 50a as well as the HME medium 60 through the bypass channel 80a and also through the second inlet holes 34a and the outlet holes 43a to the outlet opening 41a. A fluid bypass passage is correspondingly also provided from the outlet opening 41a past the HME chamber 50a as well as the HME medium 60a through the bypass channel 80a and also through the outlet holes 43a and the second inlet holes 34a to the inlet opening 31a. The first inlet holes 33a and the inlet diaphragm passages 36a are covered by the outlet diaphragms 44a in the bypass mode M2, and the second inlet holes 34a are arranged flush with the outlet holes 43a. The fluid bypass passage is indicated by a double arrow in FIG. 5.
[0093] FIGS. 6 through 9 show a second embodiment of the present invention. As is shown in FIG. 6, the housing 20a of the HME device 1b has a first housing half 30b with the inlet opening 31b and a second housing half 40b with the outlet opening 41b. Further, the HME device has a switching mechanism 70b, which is configured for switching over between the HME mode M1 and the bypass mode M2. Among other things, a manual actuating device 95b is associated with the switching mechanism 70b.
[0094] FIG. 7 shows an exploded view of the HME device 1b according to the second embodiment. As is seen in this view, the inlet-side housing half 30b has an inner wall section 32b. The outlet-side housing half 40b likewise has an inner wall section, which is shown as being covered in FIG. 7. Further, FIG. 7 shows a displacing device 90b for displacing the HME medium 60b in the HME chamber 50b with an outer wall section or with an outer wall surface 91b, 92b. The HME chamber 50b is formed here by the inner wall section 32b of the inlet-side housing half 30b, the inner wall section of the outlet-side housing half 40b, i.e., an inner wall section of the housing 20b, and by the outer wall section 91b, 92b of the displacing device 90b of the HME device 1b. The displacing device 90b is arranged movably for blocking a bypass channel 80b in the bypass mode M2 against the HME chamber 50b.
[0095] The displacing device 90b has a plate-shaped first partition section 93b and a plate-shaped second partition section 94b, an outer wall section 91b of the first partition section 93b and an outer wall section 92b of the second partition section corresponding to or being equivalent to the above-described outer wall section 91b, 92b of the displacing device 90b.
[0096] The outer wall section 91b or the first partition section 93b with the outer wall section 91b is elastically deformable for displacing the HME medium 60b and/or for blocking the bypass channel 80b in the bypass mode M2 against the HME chamber 50b and is configured movably relative to the second partition section 94b. For a simpler and defined motion and/of deformation of the displacing device 90b, this is fixed on or in the hosing 20b; 20c at four fastening points and by a first coupling element 98b and a second coupling element.
[0097] The manual actuating device 95b configured as a tumbler switch is configured here for moving or elastically deforming the displacing device 90b and is a monolithic component thereof.
[0098] FIG. 8 shows the HME device 1b according to the second embodiment in the HME mode M1. The first partition section 93b and the second partition section 94b are arranged in this state adjoining one another bent from a direct passage area between the inlet opening 31b and the outlet opening 41b. In other words, the two plate-shaped partition sections 93b, 94b are arranged bent in the same first direction in the HME mode M1.
[0099] FIG. 9 shows the HME device 1b in the bypass mode M2. The first partition section 93b is elastically deformed in this state in a second direction, which is opposite the first direction, for displacing the HME medium and for blocking the bypass channel 80b against the HME chamber 50b. The first partition section 93b is arranged and configured here elastically deformably such that this can be deformed in a bistable manner by a residual stress into an HME end position or into a bypass end position. As is also shown in FIG. 9, the two partition sections 93b, 94b have an inner surface each, which correspond to an inner wall section 81b of the bypass channel 80b.
[0100] FIGS. 10 and 11 show a third embodiment of the present invention. The housing 20c of the HME device 1c shown in FIG. 10 has an inlet-side housing half 30c with the inlet opening 31c and an outlet-side housing half 40c with the outlet opening 41c. The HME device 1c in FIG. 10 has, further, a manual actuating device 95c. The manual actuating device 95c has a lifting and rotating mechanical that can be actuated by pressing for moving and/or elastically deforming a displacing device 90b, 90c as is described above or, according to the third embodiment, at least one of the two plate-shaped partition sections 93b, 94b and 93c, 94c, respectively. The lifting and rotating mechanism is configured as a “clicker” or “retractable ballpoint pen mechanism” known from the state of the art and it will not therefore be explained here in more detail.
[0101] FIG. 11 shows an exploded view of the HME device 1c according to the third embodiment. According to FIG. 11, the HME device 1c has, further, a switching mechanism 70c, with which both the displacing device 90c and the manual actuating device 95c are associated. The displacing device 90c has, according to FIG. 11, an outer wall section 91c of a first partition section 93c and an outer wall section 92c of a second partition section 94c. Further, FIG. 11 shows an HME medium 60c, which can be arranged in an HME chamber 50c. The HME chamber 50c is formed according to the third embodiment shown in FIG. 11 by an inner wall section 42c of the housing 20c or an inner wall section of the inlet-side housing half 30c and by an inner wall section 42c of the outlet-side housing half 40c as well as by the outer wall section 91c, 92c of the displacing device 90c.
[0102] FIGS. 12 through 16 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The HME device 1d shown in FIG. 12 has an inlet-side housing half 30d with the inlet opening 31d and an outlet-side housing half 40d with the outlet opening 41d. In addition, the HME device has a manual actuating device 95d configured as a radial slide.
[0103] FIG. 13 shows a separating device 96d fastened in the housing 20d, for example, on an HME storage frame. In addition, FIG. 13 shows a coupling element 98d, by which an additional separating device 97d, pivotable about an axis of rotation 21d, can be arranged in the housing 20d. This pivotable separating device 97d is shown in FIG. 14. The pivotable separating device 97d has two arm sections, which act as a sealing element 99d for a sealing action between the HME chamber 50d and the bypass channel 80d in the bypass mode M2. As is also shown in FIG. 13, the manual actuating device 95d is permanently connected to the pivotable separating device 97d. More precisely, the manual actuating device 95d shown in FIG. 13 is arranged, in at least some sections, displaceably outside the housing 20d in the circumferential direction of the housing 20d for pivoting the movable separating device 97d.
[0104] As is shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, the HME chamber 50d is formed by an inner wall section of the housing 20d and by an outer wall section 91d, 92d of a displacing device 90d of the HME device 1d for displacing the HME medium 60d. The displacing device 90d is arranged movably for blocking the bypass channel 80d in the bypass mode M2 against the HME chamber 50d. In addition, the displacing device 90d has, according to the fourth embodiment, the stationary separating device 96d and the pivotable separating device 97d. Further, the stationary separating device 96d and the movable separating device 97d have each an outer wall surface and an inner wall surface, wherein the outer wall surfaces correspond to the outer wall section 91d, 92d of the displacing device 90d and the inner wall surfaces correspond to an inner wall section 81d of the bypass channel 80d. FIG. 15 shows the HME device 1d according to the fourth embodiment in an HME mode M1. The bypass channel 80d is closed in this state by the stationary separating device 96d and the pivotable separating device 97d being located in contact with one another or is not formed. FIG. 16 shows the HME device 1d according to the fourth embodiment in a bypass mode M2. A bypass channel 80d is provided in the bypass mode M2 with a fluid bypass passage in the HME device 1d. The HME device 1d has, further, a switching mechanism 70d according to FIG. 16.
[0105] FIGS. 17 through 20 show a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The HME device 1e shown in FIG. 17 has an inlet-side housing half 30e with the inlet opening 31e and an outlet-side housing half 40e with the outlet opening 41e. FIG. 17 shows the HME device 1e in the HME mode M1. FIG. 18 shows the HME device 1e in the bypass mode M2. To switch over between the HME mode M1 and the bypass mode M2, the inlet-side housing half 30a and the outlet-side housing half 40e are arranged rotatably by about 30° in relation to one another for blocking and opening a bypass channel 80e.
[0106] As is shown in FIG. 19 and FIG. 20, the HME chamber 50e of the HME device 1e is formed by a first inner wall section of the inlet-side housing half 30e, a second inner wall section of the outlet-side housing half 30e and an outer wall section 91e, 92e of a displacing device 90e of the HME device 1e for displacing the HME medium 60e. The displacing device 90e has a first separating device 96e and a second separating device 97e for blocking the bypass channel 80e in the bypass mode M2 against the HME chamber 50e, the first separating device 90e and the second separating device 97e being arranged pivotably relative to one another by rotating the housing halves 30e, 40e about the axis of rotation 21e. The first separating device 96e is in functional connection here with the inlet-side housing half 30e and the second separating device 97e is in a functional connection with the outlet-side housing half 40e. Further, the HME device 1e has, according to FIG. 19 and FIG. 20, a switching mechanism 70e.
[0107] The first separating device 96e and the second separating device 97e have each an outer wall surface and an inner wall surface, the outer wall surfaces corresponding to the outer wall section 91e, 92e and the inner wall surfaces corresponding to an inner wall section 81e of the bypass channel 80e.
[0108] FIGS. 21 through 24 show a sixth embodiment of the present invention. The HME device if shown in FIG. 21 has an inlet-side housing half 30f with the inlet opening 31f and an outlet-side housing half 40f with the outlet opening 41f. Further, the HME device 1f shown in FIG. 21 has a housing window 24f, through which an outer wall section or an outer wall surface of a hollow section 100f arranged in the housing 20f is exposed to the outside.
[0109] FIG. 21 as well as well FIG. 22 show the HME device if in the bypass mode M2. As is shown especially in the sectional view in FIG. 22, the hollow section 100f is arranged rotatably about an axis of rotation 101f in the housing 20f, and an inner wall section of the HME chamber 50f corresponds to an inner wall section 102f of the hollow section 100f. A section of the bypass channel 80f can be established between a first outer wall section 103f of the hollow section 100f and a first inner wall section 22f of the housing 20f, and the first outer wall section 103f of the hollow section 100f corresponds to an inner wall section 81f of the bypass channel 80f or to this.
[0110] As it appears, further, from FIG. 22, the HME chamber 50f is formed by an inner wall section 102f of the hollow section 100f and by an inner wall section 32f, 42f of the housing 20f or of the respective housing half 30f, 40f. The HME device 1f has, further, according to FIG. 22, a switching mechanism 70f.
[0111] FIG. 23 shows the HME device if in the HME mode M1, in which the hollow section is arranged rotated in the housing 20f such that an HME fluid passage is formed. FIG. 24 shows the HME device if in the bypass mode M2, in which the first outer wall section 103f of the hollow section 100f corresponds to an inner wall section 81f of the bypass channel 80f or is equivalent thereto. In addition, FIG. 23 as well as FIG. 24 show that a second outer wall section 104f of the hollow section 100f is in flush-integrated contact with a second inner wall section 23f of the housing 20f.
[0112] FIGS. 25 through 27 show a seventh embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 25 shows an HME device 1g, in which the housing 20g has an inlet-side housing half 30g with the inlet opening 31g and an outlet-side housing half 40g with the outlet opening 41g. As is seen especially in FIG. 27, the HME chamber 50g for the HME medium 60g is formed by a first inner wall section 32g of the inlet-side housing half 30g and by a second inner wall section of the outlet-side housing half 40g. The inlet-side housing half 30g and the outlet-side housing half 40g are arranged rotated relative to one another for blocking and opening the bypass channel. Further, FIG. 27 shows a switchover mechanism 70g.
[0113] As is shown, further, in FIGS. 25 through 27, the housing 20g has a fluid inlet channel 37g and a fluid outlet channel 46g, wherein the fluid inlet channel 37g is connected to a first fluid switchover channel 110g and the fluid outlet channel 46g is connected to a second fluid switchover channel 120g, wherein the first fluid switchover channel 110g extends at right angles to the fluid inlet channel 37g and the second fluid switchover channel 120g extends at right angles to the fluid outlet channel 46g. According to the seventh embodiment, the fluid inlet channel 37g, the first fluid switchover channel 110g, the second fluid switchover channel 46g and the fluid outlet channel 46g correspond in some sections to the bypass channel in the bypass mode M2 (not shown). As can be seen in FIGS. 25 through 27, the first fluid switchover channel 110g and the second fluid switchover channel 120g are configured and can be switched over or rotated such that a flat connection can be established in the bypass mode between the ring-shaped end face of the first fluid switchover channel 110g and the ring-shaped end face of the second fluid switchover channel 110g, i.e., the first fluid switchover channel 110g and the second fluid switchover channel 120g or the respective end faces thereof adjoin each other in a fluid-tight, flush-integrated manner and provide a fluid bypass channel according to the present invention as a result.
[0114] As is shown in FIG. 26 and FIG. 27, the first fluid switchover channel 110g and the second fluid switchover channel 120 g are arranged in parallel or essentially in parallel to one another in at least some sections in the HME mode M1.
[0115] As is shown by a closer scrutiny of FIG. 26, the HME medium 60g in the HME chamber 50g has a stepped passage channel 61g, in which the fluid outlet channel 120g is arranged displaceably and the fluid inlet channel 110g is arranged in a positive-locking manner with the HME medium 60g on the circumferential side.
[0116] FIGS. 28 through 31 show an eighth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 28 shows an HME device 1h, in which the housing 20h has an inlet-side housing half 30h with the inlet opening 31h and an outlet-side housing half 40h with the outlet opening 41h.
[0117] FIG. 29 shows a sectional side view of the HME device 1h according to an eighth embodiment with the switching mechanism 70h. As is shown in FIG. 29, a fluid inlet channel 130h is arranged in the inlet-side housing half 30h, the fluid inlet channel 130h and the inlet-side housing half 30h being arranged rotatably in relation to one another. In addition, the inlet fluid channel 130h has an inlet opening 131h, which corresponds to the inlet opening 31h of the HME device 1h and corresponds to it, and a passage opening 132h. As is also shown in FIG. 29, the passage opening 132h is directed into the bypass channel 80h and a bypass channel 82h in the bypass mode M2. The arrangement of the bypass chamber 82h and of the HME chamber 80h are transposed in the HME mode (not shown), as a result of which the passage opening 132h of the non-rotated or moved fluid inlet area 130h is directed in this case into the HME chamber 50h.
[0118] In addition, the passage opening 132h has, according to FIG. 29, a lateral opening section 133h and a frontal opening section 134h, wherein the opening direction of the lateral opening section 133h is directed perpendicularly to the opening direction of the inlet opening 131h and of the frontal opening section 134h. In addition, FIG. 29 shows that the fluid inlet channel 130h has a wall section 133h that is arranged flush with the lateral opening section 133h in the fluid inlet channel 130h in parallel to the opening direction of the lateral opening section 133h. The wall section 135h has a height that corresponds to the passage level of the fluid inlet channel 130 at the location of the wall section 135h and corresponds to an average passage level of the fluid inlet channel 130 at the site of the wall section 135h and also corresponds to a mean passage level of the fluid inlet channel 130.
[0119] FIG. 30 shows the HME device 1h in the HME mode M1, in which the HME fluid passage is provided by the HME medium 60h in the HME chamber 50h. FIG. 31 shows the HME device 1h in the bypass mode M2, in which the fluid bypass passage is provided by the inlet opening 31h past the HME medium 60h in the HME chamber 50h to the outlet opening 41h.
[0120] FIGS. 32 and 33 show a ninth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 32 shows an HME device 1i, in which the housing 20i has an inlet-side housing half 30i with the inlet opening 31i and an outlet-side housing half 40i with the outlet opening 41i. In addition, FIG. 32 shows an axis of rotation 141i, about which the HME storage space 140i is arranged rotatably. The housing 20i has, according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 32, a housing window 24i, through which an outer wall section 143i of the HME storage frame 140i is exposed to the outside. In addition, FIG. 32 shows an adjusting element 150i′ in the form of a radially displaceable sliding switch, which element or switch is in functional connection with the HME storage frame 140i through the housing window 24i. The HME storage frame 140i is mounted rotatably by moving the adjusting element 150i′ about the axis of rotation 141i.
[0121] FIG. 33 shows an exploded view of the HME device 1i according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 33 shows that the HME storage frame 140i has an outer ring section 148i and a storage frame passage channel 144i within the outer ring section 148i, the HME chamber 50i for the HME medium 60i being formed by an inner wall section 32i of the housing 20i, by an inner wall section 142i of the outer ring section 148i and by an outer wall section 146i of the storage frame passage channel 144i. The inner wall section 45i of the storage frame passage channel 142i corresponds to an inner wall section of the bypass channel in the bypass mode (not shown). FIG. 33 shows, in addition, that the storage frame passage channel 144i is held by connection struts 149i in the outer ring section 148i. The HME device 1i has, further, a switching mechanism 70i according to FIG. 33.
[0122] FIGS. 34 and 35 show an HME device 1i′ according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention. Especially the adjusting element 150i″ of the tenth embodiment, which shows the essential distinctive feature compared to the ninth embodiment, will be described below. The adjusting element 150i″ is functionally connected here to the HME storage frame 140i via a projection 147i from the outer wall section 143i of the outer ring section 148i through the housing window 24i. As a result, a user can exert a corresponding rotary motion on the HME storage frame 140i by rotating the ring-shaped adjusting element 150i″.
[0123] While specific embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in detail to illustrate the application of the principles of the invention, it will be understood that the invention may be embodied otherwise without departing from such principles.
APPENDIX: LIST OF REFERENCE CHARACTERS
[0124] 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1f, 1g, 1h, 1i, 1i′ HME device [0125] 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, 20f, 20g, 20h, 200i Housing [0126] 21a, 21d, 21h Axis of rotation [0127] 22f First inner wall section [0128] 23f Second inner wall section [0129] 24f, 24i Housing window [0130] 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d, 30e, 30f, 30g, 30h, 30i Inlet-side housing half [0131] 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d, 31e, 31f, 31g, 31h, 31i Inlet opening [0132] 32a, 32b, 32f, 32g, 32i Inner wall section [0133] 33a First inlet holes [0134] 34a Second inlet holes [0135] 35a Inlet diaphragms [0136] 36a Inlet diaphragm passages [0137] 37g Fluid inlet channel [0138] 38a Holding element [0139] 39a Outer wall section [0140] 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d, 40e, 40f, 430g, 40h, 40i Outlet-side housing half [0141] 41a, 41b, 41c, 41d, 41e, 41f, 41g, 41h, 41i Outlet opening [0142] 42a, 42b, 42c, 42f Inner wall section [0143] 43a Outlet holes [0144] 44a Outlet diaphragms [0145] 45a Turning handle [0146] 46g Fluid outlet channel [0147] 47a Outer wall section [0148] 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d, 50e, 50f, 50g, 50h, 50i HME chamber [0149] 60a, 60b, 60c, 60d, 60e, 60f, 60g, 60h, 60i HME medium [0150] 61g Stepped passage channel [0151] 70a, 70b, 70c, 70d, 70e, 70f, 70g, 70h, 70i Switching mechanism [0152] 80a, 80b, 80d, 80e, 80f, 80h Bypass channel [0153] 81b, 81d, 81e Inner wall section [0154] 82h Bypass chamber [0155] 90b, 90c, 90d, 90e Displacing device [0156] 91b, 91c, 91d, 91e Outer wall section [0157] 92b, 92c, 92d, 92e Outer wall section [0158] 93b, 93c Partition section [0159] 94b, 94c Partition section [0160] 95b, 95c, 95d Manual actuating device [0161] 96d, 96e Separating device [0162] 97d, 97e Separating device [0163] 98b, 98d Coupling element [0164] 99b, 99d Sealing element [0165] 100f Hollow section [0166] 101f Axis of rotation [0167] 102f Inner wall section [0168] 103f First outer wall section [0169] 104f Second outer wall section [0170] 110g First fluid switchover channel [0171] 120g Second fluid switchover channel [0172] 130h Fluid inlet channel [0173] 131h Inlet opening [0174] 132h Passage opening [0175] 133h Lateral opening section [0176] 134h Frontal opening section [0177] 135h Wall section [0178] 140i HME storage frame [0179] 141i Axis of rotation [0180] 142i Inner wall section [0181] 143i Outer wall section [0182] 144i Storage frame passage channel [0183] 145i Inner wall section [0184] 146i Outer wall section [0185] 147i Projection [0186] 148i Outer ring section [0187] 149i Connection struts [0188] 150i′, 150i″ Adjusting element
